Browsing by Author "de la Colina, Adrian Noriega"

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    Arterial Stiffness And Age Moderate The Association Between Physical Activity And Cognition In Older Adults
    (Oxford University Press, 2021) de la Colina, Adrian Noriega; Badji, Atef; Lamarre-Cliche, Maxime; Bherer, Louis; Girouard, Hélène; Kaushal, Navin; Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences
    Background: Evidence supports that time spent on physical activity has beneficial effects on cognition in older adults. Nevertheless, this beneficial effect is likely to change in function of individual modifying factors like age and level of arterial stiffness. This study aims to reveal whether arterial stiffness and age modulate the positive impact of physical activity on cognition by developing a double moderation model. Methods: 110 healthy older adults aged 60 to 75 years old were examined for arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity [cf-PWV]), global cognition (composite score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Mini-Mental State Examination), and self-reported physical activity (PACED diary). Using PROCESS macro for SPSS, we evaluated if cf-PWV (moderator 1), and age (moderator 2) moderate the relationship between physical activity (X) and global cognition (Y). The threshold for high stiffness was set at 8.5 m/s based on previous studies that reported this cut-off more appropriate for classifying cerebrovascular risk groups. Results: The interaction of arterial stiffness x age moderated the effect of physical activity on global cognition (β=-.89, SE=.42, p=.037) (Model: R2=.15, p=.018). Physical activity had a positive effect on cognition in younger-older adults (aged 60 to 68.5 years) with cf-PWV>8.5 m/s (β=.57, SE=.222, p=.011, 95% CI.133 to 1.014) and on older-older adults (aged 68.6 to 75 years) with cf-PWV<8.5 m/s (β=.49, SE=.190, p=.010, 95% CI=.116 to .869). Conclusions: Identifying the right age groups and arterial stiffness levels at which physical activity can have beneficial effects on cognition is a key step in providing tailored behavioral interventions.
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    Impact of Sex and Antihypertensive Medication on Global Cognition in Primary Care Older Adults
    (Oxford, 2022-11) de la Colina, Adrian Noriega; Vasiliadis, Helen-Maria; Berbiche, Djamal; Bherer, Louis; Girouard, Helene; Kaushal, Navin; Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences
    Hypertension is one of the strongest modifiable risk factors for the development of cognitive impairment and dementia. However, there are conflicting reports regarding which class of antihypertensive medication is the best for reducing the risk of cognitive decline. The objective of this study is to determine whether sex determines the pharmacological therapy that is the most effective in preserving cognitive outcomes. This study examined 1607 participants from the ESA Services Study, a longitudinal survey of older adults over 65 years old in Quebec-Canada. They were examined for the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) at baseline (T1) and followed up three (T2) and four years after (T3). Hypertensive women had the highest mean MMSE score at each time point (T1 28.591 (SE .064); T2 28.282 (SE .118); T3 28.524 (SE.119)), while hypertensive men had the worst (T1 28.038(SE.070); T2 27.694(SE.125); 27.809(SE.128)). Women taking angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs) showed the highest MMSE scores (p<.003), and men taking diuretics and other antihypertensives had the lowest MMSE scores(p<.001) after a 3-year follow-up. Combination therapy of two or three antihypertensives drugs was associated with higher scores in women at T1 and T2 (p<.001). In men, taking three antihypertensives showed a sharp decrease in MMSE scores from T1 to T3 (p<.001). Sex differences in global cognition outcomes in older adults are in part due to the heterogeneity in effects related to the type and number of antihypertensive drugs used. Effective antihypertensive treatment should consider the impact of sex to optimize the effect of pharmacological interventions on cognition.
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    Incorporating Exercise to Buffer Aversive Health Effects of Loneliness Among Older Adults in the Life Trial
    (Oxford University Press, 2024-12-31) Kaushal, Navin; Pemmasani, Deepishka; de la Colina, Adrian Noriega; Nemati, Donya; Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences
    Introduction: In 2023 the US Surgeon General announced an epidemic of loneliness and isolation. Prolonged loneliness among older adults has been shown to predict dementia and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, exercise has been demonstrated to have preventive effects on CVD and cognitive health, but its effects on buffering these outcomes manifested from loneliness, or gender effects have not been investigated. This study aimed to test two moderated-mediation models to investigate if exercise moderates the relationship between loneliness and health outcomes. Methods: The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study is a randomized controlled trial (n=1,600) that assigned older adults (aged 65+) to either an intervention or control group. The present observational study analyzed participants in the control group. Measures included: exercise (accelerometry), loneliness (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale [CES-D]), CVD risk (handgrip test), and cognitive health (global cognitive function). Model #14 from Hayes PROCESS Macro 4.0 in SPSS was used to analyze the data. Results: In both models, females experienced greater loneliness compared to males(β=.25, p<.001). The CVD risk model found Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA) to independently predicted handgrip strength(β=.11, p<.001), and interacted with loneliness to predict handgrip strength(β=.05, p=.03). The cognition model also found MVPA to independently predict cognition(β=.14, p<.001), and interacts with loneliness to predict cognition(β=.07, p=.03), and also demonstrate total moderated-mediation effects(β=.02, 95%CI.003 to.367). Conclusion: Exercise can buffer aversive cardiovascular risk and cognition from loneliness. Lonely older adults are a high-risk demographic that should be sought for enrolling in exercise programs.