Browsing by Author "Yanos, Philip T."

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Insight, Neurocognition, and Schizophrenia: Predictive Value of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
    (Hindawi, 2013) Stratton, John; Yanos, Philip T.; Lysaker, Paul; Psychiatry, School of Medicine
    Lack of insight in schizophrenia is a key feature of the illness and is associated with both positive and negative clinical outcomes. Previous research supports that neurocognitive dysfunction is related to lack of insight, but studies have not examined how neurocognition relates to change in insight over time. Therefore, the current study sought to understand how performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) differed between participants with varying degrees of change in insight over a 6-month period. Fifty-two patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were administered the WCST and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at baseline, and the PANSS was again administered at a 6-month follow-up assessment. Results indicated that while neurocognition was related to insight at baseline, it was not related to subsequent change in insight. The implications of findings for conceptualization and assessment of insight are discussed.
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    Interventions targeting mental health self-stigma: A review and comparison
    (American Psychological Association, 2015-06) Yanos, Philip T.; Lucksted, Alicia; Drapalski, Amy L.; Roe, David; Lysaker, Paul; Department of Psychiatry, IU School of Medicine
    OBJECTIVE: With growing awareness of the impact of mental illness self-stigma, interest has arisen in the development of interventions to combat it. The present article briefly reviews and compares interventions targeting self-stigma to clarify the similarities and important differences between the interventions. METHOD: We conducted a narrative review of published literature on interventions targeting self-stigma. RESULTS: Six intervention approaches (Healthy Self-Concept, Self-Stigma Reduction Program, Ending Self-Stigma, Narrative Enhancement and Cognitive Therapy, Coming Out Proud, and Anti-Stigma Photo-Voice Intervention) were identified and are discussed, and data is reviewed on format, group-leader backgrounds, languages, number of sessions, primary mechanisms of action, and the current state of data on their efficacy. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: We conclude with a discussion of common elements and important distinctions between the interventions and a consideration of which interventions might be best suited to particular populations or settings.
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    The impact of illness identity on recovery from severe mental illness: A test of the model
    (Wiley, 2021) Yanos, Philip T.; Adams, Shane; Roe, David; Lysaker, Paul H.; Psychiatry, School of Medicine
    Objective: The Illness Identity model posits that self-stigma reduces hope and self-esteem among persons with severe mental illnesses, impacting a range of outcomes. The "insight paradox" anticipates that the negative effects of self-stigma are amplified by insight. This study tested these predictions using both cluster and path analyses. Method: A total of 117 participants meeting the criteria for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders completed measures of self-stigma, self-esteem, hopelessness, insight, social functioning, coping, and symptoms. Results: Cluster analysis supported the insight paradox; persons with low self-stigma/high insight had fewer psychiatric symptoms and better interpersonal functioning than persons with high self-stigma/low insight. Path analysis did not support the insight paradox, but indicated that self-stigma and insight impact different outcomes. Discussion: Findings suggest that support for the predictions of the Illness Identity model and insight paradox are supported may depend on analytic method. Conclusions: Finding suggest that the benefits of self-stigma reduction may be constrained by insight.