Browsing by Author "Xia, Yan"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A fiber optoacoustic guide with augmented reality for precision breast-conserving surgery
    (Springer Nature, 2018-05-18) Lan, Lu; Xia, Yan; Li, Rui; Liu, Kaiming; Mai, Jieying; Medley, Jennifer Anne; Obeng-Gyasi, Samilia; Han, Linda K.; Wang, Pu; Cheng, Ji-Xin; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine
    Lumpectomy, also called breast-conserving surgery, has become the standard surgical treatment for early-stage breast cancer. However, accurately locating the tumor during a lumpectomy, especially when the lesion is small and nonpalpable, is a challenge. Such difficulty can lead to either incomplete tumor removal or prolonged surgical time, which result in high re-operation rates (~25%) and increased surgical costs. Here, we report a fiber optoacoustic guide (FOG) with augmented reality (AR) for sub-millimeter tumor localization and intuitive surgical guidance with minimal interference. The FOG is preoperatively implanted in the tumor. Under external pulsed light excitation, the FOG omnidirectionally broadcasts acoustic waves through the optoacoustic effect by a specially designed nano-composite layer at its tip. By capturing the acoustic wave, three ultrasound sensors on the breast skin triangulate the FOG tip's position with 0.25-mm accuracy. An AR system with a tablet measures the coordinates of the ultrasound sensors and transforms the FOG tip's position into visual feedback with <1-mm accuracy, thus aiding surgeons in directly visualizing the tumor location and performing fast and accurate tumor removal. We further show the use of a head-mounted display to visualize the same information in the surgeons' first-person view and achieve hands-free guidance. Towards clinical application, a surgeon successfully deployed the FOG to excise a "pseudo tumor" in a female human cadaver. With the high-accuracy tumor localization by FOG and the intuitive surgical guidance by AR, the surgeon performed accurate and fast tumor removal, which will significantly reduce re-operation rates and shorten the surgery time.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Genome-wide association analyses identify 95 risk loci and provide insights into the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress disorder
    (Springer Nature, 2024) Nievergelt, Caroline M.; Maihofer, Adam X.; Atkinson, Elizabeth G.; Chen, Chia-Yen; Choi, Karmel W.; Coleman, Jonathan R. I.; Daskalakis, Nikolaos P.; Duncan, Laramie E.; Polimanti, Renato; Aaronson, Cindy; Amstadter, Ananda B.; Andersen, Soren B.; Andreassen, Ole A.; Arbisi, Paul A.; Ashley-Koch, Allison E.; Austin, S. Bryn; Avdibegoviç, Esmina; Babić, Dragan; Bacanu, Silviu-Alin; Baker, Dewleen G.; Batzler, Anthony; Beckham, Jean C.; Belangero, Sintia; Benjet, Corina; Bergner, Carisa; Bierer, Linda M.; Biernacka, Joanna M.; Bierut, Laura J.; Bisson, Jonathan I.; Boks, Marco P.; Bolger, Elizabeth A.; Brandolino, Amber; Breen, Gerome; Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca; Bryant, Richard A.; Bustamante, Angela C.; Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas; Bækvad-Hansen, Marie; Børglum, Anders D.; Børte, Sigrid; Cahn, Leah; Calabrese, Joseph R.; Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel; Chatzinakos, Chris; Cheema, Sheraz; Clouston, Sean A. P.; Colodro-Conde, Lucía; Coombes, Brandon J.; Cruz-Fuentes, Carlos S.; Dale, Anders M.; Dalvie, Shareefa; Davis, Lea K.; Deckert, Jürgen; Delahanty, Douglas L.; Dennis, Michelle F.; Desarnaud, Frank; DiPietro, Christopher P.; Disner, Seth G.; Docherty, Anna R.; Domschke, Katharina; Dyb, Grete; Džubur Kulenović, Alma; Edenberg, Howard J.; Evans, Alexandra; Fabbri, Chiara; Fani, Negar; Farrer, Lindsay A.; Feder, Adriana; Feeny, Norah C.; Flory, Janine D.; Forbes, David; Franz, Carol E.; Galea, Sandro; Garrett, Melanie E.; Gelaye, Bizu; Gelernter, Joel; Geuze, Elbert; Gillespie, Charles F.; Goleva, Slavina B.; Gordon, Scott D.; Goçi, Aferdita; Grasser, Lana Ruvolo; Guindalini, Camila; Haas, Magali; Hagenaars, Saskia; Hauser, Michael A.; Heath, Andrew C.; Hemmings, Sian M. J.; Hesselbrock, Victor; Hickie, Ian B.; Hogan, Kelleigh; Hougaard, David Michael; Huang, Hailiang; Huckins, Laura M.; Hveem, Kristian; Jakovljević, Miro; Javanbakht, Arash; Jenkins, Gregory D.; Johnson, Jessica; Jones, Ian; Jovanovic, Tanja; Karstoft, Karen-Inge; Kaufman, Milissa L.; Kennedy, James L.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Khan, Alaptagin; Kimbrel, Nathan A.; King, Anthony P.; Koen, Nastassja; Kotov, Roman; Kranzler, Henry R.; Krebs, Kristi; Kremen, William S.; Kuan, Pei-Fen; Lawford, Bruce R.; Lebois, Lauren A. M.; Lehto, Kelli; Levey, Daniel F.; Lewis, Catrin; Liberzon, Israel; Linnstaedt, Sarah D.; Logue, Mark W.; Lori, Adriana; Lu, Yi; Luft, Benjamin J.; Lupto, Michelle K.; Luykx, Jurjen J.; Makotkine, Iouri; Maples-Keller, Jessica L.; Marchese, Shelby; Marmar, Charles; Martin, Nicholas G.; Martínez-Levy, Gabriela A.; McAloney, Kerrie; McFarlane, Alexander; McLaughlin, Katie A.; McLean, Samuel A.; Medland, Sarah E.; Mehta, Divya; Meyers, Jacquelyn; Michopoulos, Vasiliki; Mikita, Elizabeth A.; Milani, Lili; Milberg, William; Miller, Mark W.; Morey, Rajendra A.; Morris, Charles Phillip; Mors, Ole; Mortensen, Preben Bo; Mufford, Mary S.; Nelson, Elliot C.; Nordentoft, Merete; Norman, Sonya B.; Nugent, Nicole R.; O'Donnell, Meaghan; Orcutt, Holly K.; Pan, Pedro M.; Panizzon, Matthew S.; Pathak, Gita A.; Peters, Edward S.; Peterson, Alan L.; Peverill, Matthew; Pietrzak, Robert H.; Polusny, Melissa A.; Porjesz, Bernice; Powers, Abigail; Qin, Xue-Jun; Ratanatharathorn, Andrew; Risbrough, Victoria B.; Roberts, Andrea L.; Rothbaum, Alex O.; Rothbaum, Barbara O.; Roy-Byrne, Peter; Ruggiero, Kenneth J.; Rung, Ariane; Runz, Heiko; Rutten, Bart P. F.; Saenz de Viteri, Stacey; Salum, Giovanni Abrahão; Sampson, Laura; Sanchez, Sixto E.; Santoro, Marcos; Seah, Carina; Seedat, Soraya; Seng, Julia S.; Shabalin, Andrey; Sheerin, Christina M.; Silove, Derrick; Smith, Alicia K.; Smoller, Jordan W.; Sponheim, Scott R.; Stein, Dan J.; Stensland, Synne; Stevens, Jennifer S.; Sumner, Jennifer A.; Teicher, Martin H.; Thompson, Wesley K.; Tiwari, Arun K.; Trapido, Edward; Uddin, Monica; Ursano, Robert J.; Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur; Van Hooff, Miranda; Vermetten, Eric; Vinkers, Christiaan H.; Voisey, Joanne; Wang, Yunpeng; Wang, Zhewu; Waszczuk, Monika; Weber, Heike; Wendt, Frank R.; Werge, Thomas; Williams, Michelle A.; Williamson, Douglas E.; Winsvold, Bendik S.; Winternitz, Sherry; Wolf, Christiane; Wolf, Erika J.; Xia, Yan; Xiong, Ying; Yehuda, Rachel; Young, Keith A.; Young, Ross McD.; Zai, Clement C.; Zai, Gwyneth C.; Zervas, Mark; Zhao, Hongyu; Zoellner, Lori A.; Zwart, John-Anker; deRoon-Cassini, Terri; van Rooij, Sanne J. H.; van den Heuvel, Leigh L.; AURORA Study; Estonian Biobank Research Team; FinnGen Investigators; HUNT All-In Psychiatry; Stein, Murray B.; Ressler, Kerry J.; Koenen, Karestan C.; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine
    Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) genetics are characterized by lower discoverability than most other psychiatric disorders. The contribution to biological understanding from previous genetic studies has thus been limited. We performed a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across 1,222,882 individuals of European ancestry (137,136 cases) and 58,051 admixed individuals with African and Native American ancestry (13,624 cases). We identified 95 genome-wide significant loci (80 new). Convergent multi-omic approaches identified 43 potential causal genes, broadly classified as neurotransmitter and ion channel synaptic modulators (for example, GRIA1, GRM8 and CACNA1E), developmental, axon guidance and transcription factors (for example, FOXP2, EFNA5 and DCC), synaptic structure and function genes (for example, PCLO, NCAM1 and PDE4B) and endocrine or immune regulators (for example, ESR1, TRAF3 and TANK). Additional top genes influence stress, immune, fear and threat-related processes, previously hypothesized to underlie PTSD neurobiology. These findings strengthen our understanding of neurobiological systems relevant to PTSD pathophysiology, while also opening new areas for investigation.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    High‐speed Intraoperative Assessment of Breast Tumor Margins by Multimodal Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Tomography
    (Wiley, 2018) Lu, Rui; Lan, Lu; Xia, Yan; Wang, Pu; Han, Linda K.; Dunnington, Gary L.; Obeng-Gyasi, Samilia; Sandusky, George E.; Medley, Jennifer A.; Crook, Susan T.; Cheng, Ji-Xin; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Conventional methods for breast tumor margins assessment need a long turnaround time, which may lead to re‐operation for patients undergoing lumpectomy surgeries. Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) has been shown to visualize adipose tissue in small animals and human breast. Here, we demonstrate a customized multimodal ultrasound and PAT system for intraoperative breast tumor margins assessment using fresh lumpectomy specimens from 66 patients. The system provides the margin status of the entire excised tissue within 10 minutes. By subjective reading of three researchers, the results show 85.7% [95% confidence interval (CI), 42.0% ‐ 99.2%] sensitivity and 84.6% (95% CI, 53.7% ‐ 97.3%) specificity, 71.4% (95% CI, 30.3% ‐ 94.9%) sensitivity and 92.3% (95% CI, 62.1% ‐ 99.6%) specificity, and 100% (95% CI, 56.1% ‐ 100%) sensitivity and 53.9% (95% CI, 26.1% ‐ 79.6%) specificity respectively when cross‐correlated with post‐operational histology. Furthermore, a machine learning‐based algorithm is deployed for margin assessment in the challenging ductal carcinoma in situ tissues, and achieved 85.5% (95% CI, 75.2% ‐ 92.2%) sensitivity and 90% (95% CI, 79.9% ‐ 95.5%) specificity. Such results present the potential of using mutlimodal ultrasound and PAT as a high‐speed and accurate method for intraoperative breast tumor margins evaluation.