Browsing by Author "White, Mattie"

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    Associations of Food Intolerance with Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Psychological Symptoms, and Quality of Life
    (Elsevier, 2022) Jansson-Knodell, Claire L.; White, Mattie; Lockett, Carolyn; Xu, Huiping; Shin, Andrea; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background & aims: The impact of different types of food intolerance on gastrointestinal symptoms and quality of life (QOL) is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate associations of food intolerance and type of intolerance with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), health-related QOL, and psychological symptoms. Methods: We conducted an observational study of United States-based adults through an online survey. Demographics, culprit foods, symptoms, medical evaluation, Rome IV criteria for IBS, health-related QOL (Short-Form Health Survey 12), and anxiety and depression scores (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) were collected in participants with self-reported food intolerance (lactose, non-lactose food, lactose plus food intolerance), and controls with no intolerance. Univariable associations of group with study endpoints were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson χ2 or Fisher exact test. Multivariable comparisons were analyzed by logistic and linear regression. Results: A total of 197 patients with (59 lactose, 61 non-lactose food, 77 lactose plus food intolerance) and 273 patients without intolerance participated. Lactose, wheat, and eggs were the most common food triggers. Gas (54.2%), abdominal pain (40.2%), and diarrhea (37.3%) were frequently reported symptoms of food intolerance. Reactions caused 57.8% to eliminate the food. Rates of IBS, abnormal anxiety scores, and abnormal depression scores were highest in lactose plus food intolerance; Short-Form Health Survey 12 scores were lowest in lactose plus food intolerance. Multivariable analyses revealed all intolerance subgroups were more likely to have IBS than controls. Conclusions: Food intolerance is associated with IBS, anxiety, depression, and decreased health-related QOL and frequently leads to food elimination. Adults with lactose and lactose plus food intolerance have higher rates of IBS, increased psychological symptoms, and poorer QOL.
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    High prevalence of food intolerances among US internet users
    (Cambridge, 2021-02) Jansson-Knodell, Claire L.; White, Mattie; Lockett, Carolyn; Xu, Huiping; Shin, Andrea; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Objective: Food intolerances are commonly reported and are predicted to have gastrointestinal health implications. We aimed to quantify the prevalence of food intolerances among US adults and identify culprit foods through a brief web-based survey. Design: We invited participation in an online cross-sectional survey involving a single questionnaire. Data were summarised using percentages or medians and interquartile range. Participant characteristics by self-reported food intolerance were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and Pearson’s χ 2 test. Adjusted analyses were performed using multivariable logistic regression. Setting: The survey was internet-based via Amazon’s mechanical Turk, a crowdsourcing website for the completion of requester directed tasks. Participants: Adults who were US-based internet users were invited at ages 18–80. Results: We collected 2133 survey responses (ages 18–79 years). The rate of food intolerance was 24·8 % (95 % CI 23·0, 26·6) in US adults. Younger (P < 0·01), female (P = 0·05) and Asian, African American or multiple race individuals (P < 0·01) predominated. Lactose intolerance was most common. Frequency of a non-lactose food intolerance was 18·1 % (95 % CI 16·5, 19·8). When categorised broadly, grains, fruit, lactose, fish, vegetables, alcohol and nuts were most troublesome for individuals in that order. Conclusions: Self-reported food intolerance is common in US internet users. The effect of food on gastrointestinal symptoms and avoidant behaviours deserves further attention.