Browsing by Author "White, Laura M."

Now showing 1 - 10 of 13
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    Behavioral Health Care Needs, Detention-Based Care, and Criminal Recidivism at Community Reentry From Juvenile Detention: A Multisite Survival Curve Analysis
    (American Public Health Association, 2015-07) Aalsma, Matthew C.; White, Laura M.; Lau, Katherine S. L.; Perkins, Anthony; Monahan, Patrick; Grisso, Thomas; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    OBJECTIVES: We examined the provision of behavioral health services to youths detained in Indiana between 2008 and 2012 and the impact of services on recidivism. METHOD: We obtained information about behavioral health needs, behavioral health treatment received, and recidivism within 12 months after release for 8363 adolescents (aged 12-18 years; 79.4% male). We conducted survival analyses to determine whether behavioral health services significantly affected time to recidivating. RESULTS: Approximately 19.1% of youths had positive mental health screens, and 25.3% of all youths recidivated within 12 months after release. Of youths with positive screens, 29.2% saw a mental health clinician, 16.1% received behavioral health services during detention, and 30.0% received referrals for postdetention services. Survival analyses showed that being male, Black, and younger, and having higher scores on the substance use or irritability subscales of the screen predicted shorter time to recidivism. Receiving a behavior precaution, behavioral health services in detention, or an assessment in the community also predicted shorter time to recidivating. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support previous research showing that behavioral health problems are related to recidivism and that Black males are disproportionately rearrested after detention.
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    The "Critical" Elements of Illness Management and Recovery: Comparing Methodological Approaches
    (Springer, 2016-01) McGuire, Alan B.; Luther, Lauren; White, Dominique; White, Laura M.; McGrew, John H.; Salyers, Michelle P.; Department of Psychology, School of Science
    This study examined three methodological approaches to defining the critical elements of Illness Management and Recovery (IMR), a curriculum-based approach to recovery. Sixty-seven IMR experts rated the criticality of 16 IMR elements on three dimensions: defining, essential, and impactful. Three elements (Recovery Orientation, Goal Setting and Follow-up, and IMR Curriculum) met all criteria for essential and defining and all but the most stringent criteria for impactful. Practitioners should consider competence in these areas as preeminent. The remaining 13 elements met varying criteria for essential and impactful. Findings suggest that criticality is a multifaceted construct, necessitating judgments about model elements across different criticality dimensions.
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    The “Critical” Elements of Illness Management and Recovery: Comparing Methodological Approaches
    (Springer, 2016-01) McGuire, Alan B.; Luther, Lauren; White, Dominique; White, Laura M.; McGrew, John H.; Salyers, Michelle P.; Department of Psychology, School of Science
    This study examined three methodological approaches to defining the critical elements of Illness Management and Recovery (IMR), a curriculum-based approach to recovery. Sixty-seven IMR experts rated the criticality of 16 IMR elements on three dimensions: defining, essential, and impactful. Three elements (Recovery Orientation, Goal Setting and Follow-up, and IMR Curriculum) met all criteria for essential and defining and all but the most stringent criteria for impactful. Practitioners should consider competence in these areas as preeminent. The remaining 13 elements met varying criteria for essential and impactful. Findings suggest that criticality is a multifaceted construct, necessitating judgments about model elements across different criticality dimensions.
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    Detained Adolescents: Mental Health Needs, Treatment Use, and Recidivism
    (AAPL, 2016-06) White, Laura M.; Lau, Katherine S. L.; Aalsma, Matthew C.; Department of Pediatrics, IU School of Medicine
    Objective: Although approximately 60%-70% of detained adolescents meet criteria for a mental disorder, few receive treatment upon community reentry. Given that mental health treatment can potentially reduce recidivism, the study examined detained adolescents’ mental health needs and their post-detention mental health treatment and recidivism. Method: Altogether, 1574 adolescents (<18 years) completed a mental health screener at a detention center. Scores on the screener, mental health treatment utilization (60-days post-detention), and recidivism (6-months post-detention) were measured. Results: About 82.2% of adolescents earned elevated scores on the mental health screener, but only 16.4% utilized treatment and 37.2% recidivated. Logistic regression models revealed adolescents with insurance and higher Angry-Irritable scores were significantly more likely to obtain treatment, whereas males, Black adolescents, older adolescents, and adolescents endorsing a trauma history were less likely. Black adolescents, insured adolescents, and adolescents with higher Alcohol/Drug Use scores were significantly more likely to recidivate. Mental health treatment increased the likelihood of recidivism. Discussion: The prevalence of mental health needs among DAs was high, but treatment utilization was low, with notable treatment disparities across race, gender, and age. The use of mental health treatment predicted recidivism, suggesting treatment may act as a proxy measure of mental health problems. Future research should assess the impact of timely and continuous mental health services on recidivism.
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    Factors Affecting Implementation of an Evidence-Based Practice in the VA: Illness Management and Recovery
    (APA, 2015-12) McGuire, Alan B.; Salyers, Michelle P.; White, Dominique A.; Gilbride, Daniel J.; White, Laura M.; Kean, Jacob; Kukla, Marina; Department of Psychology, School of Science
    Objective: Illness management and recovery (IMR) is an evidence-based practice that assists consumers in managing their illnesses and pursuing personal recovery goals. Although research has examined factors affecting IMR implementation facilitated by multifaceted, active roll-outs, the current study attempted to elucidate factors affecting IMR implementation outside the context of a research-driven implementation. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with 20 local recovery coordinators and 18 local IMR experts were conducted at 23 VA medical centers. Interviews examined perceived and experienced barriers and facilitators to IMR implementation. Data were analyzed via thematic inductive/deductive analysis in the form of crystallization/immersion. Results: Six factors differed between sites implementing IMR from those not providing IMR: awareness of IMR, importer-champions, autonomy-supporting leadership, veteran-centered care, presence of a sensitive period, and presence of a psychosocial rehabilitation and recovery center. Four factors were common in both groups: recovery orientation, evidence-based practices orientation, perceived IMR fit within program structure, and availability of staff time. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: IMR can be adopted in lieu of active implementation support; however, knowledge dissemination appears to be key. Future research should examine factors affecting the quality of implementation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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    Implementation of Illness Management and Recovery in the Veterans Administration: An Online Survey
    (2013) McGuire, Alan B.; White, Dominique; White, Laura M.; Salyers, Michelle P.
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    Job-Related Burnout among Juvenile Probation Officers: Implications for Mental Health Stigma and Competency
    (APA, 2015-08) White, Laura M.; Aalsma, Matthew C.; Holloway, Evan D.; Adams, Erin L.; Salyers, Michelle P.; Department of Psychology, School of Science
    The high demands and responsibilities of probation work, particularly with juvenile clients, may lead to burnout, which can negatively impact how probation officers work with clients, particularly individuals with behavioral health concerns. Yet, research examining burnout and related outcomes among juvenile probation officers (JPOs) is limited. We surveyed 246 JPOs in a Midwestern state to identify the prevalence, predictors, and potential outcomes of burnout. JPOs reported moderate levels of burnout; about 30% of the sample scored in the high range for emotional exhaustion and cynicism. Contrary to study hypotheses, there were no group-level differences in burnout scores across gender, race/ethnicity, age, or education. In regression models, burnout was predicted by being White (vs. minority), serving in an urban (vs. rural) county, dissatisfaction with department guidelines, job dissatisfaction, viewing job role as more treatment-oriented along the enforcement−treatment continuum, and turnover intention. JPOs with burnout were more likely to endorse mental health stigma and lack of mental health competency to address juvenile clients with behavioral health concerns. Findings suggest burnout prevention and intervention programs should be considered for JPOs to increase job satisfaction, limit job turnover, reduce burnout, and possibly increase effective practices for managing juvenile clients with behavioral health needs.
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    Mental Health Screenings in Juvenile Detention Centers: Predictors of Mental Health Service Utilization and Recidivism
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2013-04-05) White, Laura M.; Aalsma, Matthew C.
    Introduction: About 2 in 3 detained adolescents meet criteria for mental illness. Unfortunately, the juvenile justice system does not consistently provide mental health services for juveniles in need. As a result, juvenile adolescents have low rates of treatment utilization, high rates of recidivism, and a mortality rate 4 times greater than the general population. To understand these issues, the current study tracked a sample of detained adolescents for six months post-detention. Methods: 2089 adolescents held in a detention center completed a mental health screener. The prevalence of youths with different mental health problems was calculated. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine predictors of service utilization and recidivism at 3- and 6-month follow-up. Results: Altogether, 1707 (81.7%) reported trauma, 561 (26.9%) endorsed alcohol/drug use, and 393 (18.8%) endorsed significant thought disturbances. Post-detention, 336 (16.1%) utilized mental health services and 770 (36.9%) re-offended. Regression analyses indicated: (1) Hispanic youths, males, and older youths were significantly less likely to utilize services (OR=.37, p=.015 for Hispanic; OR=.53, p <.001 for males; OR=.842, p <.001 for older); (2) youths with anger problems were more likely to utilize services (OR=1.08, p=.011); (3) racial/ethnic minorities were significantly more likely to recidivate (OR=1.12, p=.009); (4) alcohol/drug use increased the likelihood of recidivism (OR=1.12, p<.001); and (5) youths who utilized services were no less likely to recidivate (OR=1.22, p=.116). Conclusions: Juveniles with mental illness problems are not getting the treatment services they need. Furthermore, Hispanic, male, and older youths were less likely to utilize services, minority youths were more likely to be re-arrested, and service use did not impact recidivism. Findings suggest gaps and disparities in mental health services for juvenile adolescents. The juvenile justice system needs to improve public policies and develop mechanisms to ensure all juveniles have an equal opportunity to receive effective mental health services.
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    Parenthood and severe mental illness: Relationships with recovery
    (2014) Bonfils, Kelsey A.; Adams, Erin L.; Firmin, Ruth L.; White, Laura M.; Salyers, Michelle P.