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Item Home blood pressure monitoring: methodology, clinical relevance and practical application: a 2021 position paper by the Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability of the European Society of Hypertension(Wolters Kluwer, 2021) Parati, Gianfranco; Stergiou, George S.; Bilo, Grzegorz; Kollias, Anastasios; Pengo, Martino; Ochoa, Juan Eugenio; Agarwal, Rajiv; Asayama, Kei; Asmar, Roland; Burnier, Michel; De La Sierra, Alejandro; Giannattasio, Cristina; Gosse, Philippe; Head, Geoffrey; Hoshide, Satoshi; Imai, Yutaka; Kario, Kazuomi; Li, Yan; Manios, Efstathios; Mant, Jonathan; McManus, Richard J.; Mengden, Thomas; Mihailidou, Anastasia S.; Muntner, Paul; Myers, Martin; Niiranen, Teemu; Ntineri, Angeliki; O'Brien, Eoin; Octavio, José Andres; Ohkubo, Takayoshi; Omboni, Stefano; Padfield, Paul; Palatini, Paolo; Pellegrini, Dario; Postel-Vinay, Nicolas; Ramirez, Agustin J.; Sharman, James E.; Shennan, Andrew; Silva, Egle; Topouchian, Jirar; Torlasco, Camilla; Wang, Ji Guang; Weber, Michael A.; Whelton, Paul K.; White, William B.; Mancia, Giuseppe; Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability of the European Society of Hypertension; Medicine, School of MedicineThe present paper provides an update of previous recommendations on Home Blood Pressure Monitoring from the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability sequentially published in years 2000, 2008 and 2010. This update has taken into account new evidence in this field, including a recent statement by the American Heart association, as well as technological developments, which have occurred over the past 20 years. The present document has been developed by the same ESH Working Group with inputs from an international team of experts, and has been endorsed by the ESH.Item Home blood pressure monitoring: methodology, clinical relevance and practical application: a 2021 position paper by the Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability of the European Society of Hypertension(Wolters Kluwer, 2021) Parati, Gianfranco; Stergiou, George S.; Bilo, Grzegorz; Kollias, Anastasios; Pengo, Martino; Ochoa, Juan Eugenio; Agarwal, Rajiv; Asayama, Kei; Asmar, Roland; Burnier, Michel; De La Sierra, Alejandro; Giannattasio, Cristina; Gosse, Philippe; Head, Geoffrey; Hoshide, Satoshi; Imai, Yutaka; Kario, Kazuomi; Li, Yan; Manios, Efstathios; Mant, Jonathan; McManus, Richard J.; Mengden, Thomas; Mihailidou, Anastasia S.; Muntner, Paul; Myers, Martin; Niiranen, Teemu; Ntineri, Angeliki; O'Brien, Eoin; Octavio, José Andres; Ohkubo, Takayoshi; Omboni, Stefano; Padfield, Paul; Palatini, Paolo; Pellegrini, Dario; Postel-Vinay, Nicolas; Ramirez, Agustin J.; Sharman, James E.; Shennan, Andrew; Silva, Egle; Topouchian, Jirar; Torlasco, Camilla; Wang, Ji Guang; Weber, Michael A.; Whelton, Paul K.; White, William B.; Mancia, Giuseppe; Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability of the European Society of Hypertension; Medicine, School of MedicineThe present paper provides an update of previous recommendations on Home Blood Pressure Monitoring from the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability sequentially published in years 2000, 2008 and 2010. This update has taken into account new evidence in this field, including a recent statement by the American Heart association, as well as technological developments, which have occurred over the past 20 years. The present document has been developed by the same ESH Working Group with inputs from an international team of experts, and has been endorsed by the ESH.Item Hypertension Pharmacological Treatment in Adults: A World Health Organization Guideline Executive Summary(Wolters Kluwer, 2022) Al-Makki, Akram; DiPette, Donald; Whelton, Paul K.; Murad, M. Hassan; Mustafa, Reem A.; Acharya, Shrish; Beheiry, Hind Mamoun; Champagne, Beatriz; Connell, Kenneth; Cooney, Marie Therese; Ezeigwe, Nnenna; Gaziano, Thomas Andrew; Gidio, Agaba; Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio; Khan, Unab I.; Kumarapeli, Vindya; Moran, Andrew E.; Silwimba, Margaret Mswema; Rayner, Brian; Sukonthasan, Apichard; Yu, Jing; Saraffzadegan, Nizal; Reddy, K. Srinath; Khan, Taskeen; Medicine, School of MedicineHypertension is a major cause of cardiovascular disease and deaths worldwide especially in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the availability of safe, well-tolerated, and cost-effective blood pressure (BP)-lowering therapies, <14% of adults with hypertension have BP controlled to a systolic/diastolic BP <140/90 mm Hg. We report new hypertension treatment guidelines, developed in accordance with the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development. Overviews of reviews of the evidence were conducted and summary tables were developed according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations approach. In these guidelines, the World Health Organization provides the most current and relevant evidence-based guidance for the pharmacological treatment of nonpregnant adults with hypertension. The recommendations pertain to adults with an accurate diagnosis of hypertension who have already received lifestyle modification counseling. The guidelines recommend BP threshold to initiate pharmacological therapy, BP treatment targets, intervals for follow-up visits, and best use of health care workers in the management of hypertension. The guidelines provide guidance for choice of monotherapy or dual therapy, treatment with single pill combination medications, and use of treatment algorithms for hypertension management. Strength of the recommendations was guided by the quality of the underlying evidence; the tradeoffs between desirable and undesirable effects; patient’s values, resource considerations and cost-effectiveness; health equity; acceptability, and feasibility consideration of different treatment options. The goal of the guideline is to facilitate standard approaches to pharmacological treatment and management of hypertension which, if widely implemented, will increase the hypertension control rate world-wide.