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Browsing by Author "Weddell, James A."
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Item Fissure Penetration and Microleakage of a Conventional Pit and Fissure Sealant and a Flowable Composite: A Comparative Study Using Three Different Bonding Systems(2002) Chan, Terence; Moore, B. Keith; Dean, Jeffrey A.; Platt, Jeffrey A.; Sanders, Brian J.; Tomlin, Angela; Weddell, James A.The concepts of using a pit and fissure sealant material to prevent dental caries have been well established in dental research. Effectiveness of a pit and fissure sealant material is limited to its ability to remain bonded to the occlusal surfaces . Adding a dentin-bonding agent between the etched enamel and the sealant material has been demonstrated as a way of optimizing bond strength in the face of moisture and salivary contamination. The purpose of this study was to examine if there was a difference in fissure penetration or microleakage between a conventional pit and fissure sealant or a flowable composite when used as a pit and fissure sealant, while using three different adhesive systems. Delton Direct Delivery System (Dentsply), an opaque, light cured pit and fissure sealant and the commercially available flowable composite, Revolution Formula 2 (Kerr) was selected for this study. Three clinically used adhesive systems selected for this study were: conventional phosphoric acid etching; Opti-bond Solo Plus(Kerr), a single bottle system; and Prompt L-Pop (3M ESPE), an all-in-one primer adhesive. One hundred fifty extracted caries-free third molars, selected for well-defined occlusal pits, were randomly divided into six treatment groups. Fissure penetration and microleakage was examined after immersion of the treated teeth in 5.0-percent methylene blue solution for 18 hours; the teeth were removed and thoroughly cleaned. Mesial and distal flat-ground sections were obtained and examined at X20; micro leakage was recorded as either present or absent, and penetration was recorded as either complete or incomplete. The interaction between the material and the adhesive system was non-significant based on the logistic regression model for the penetration and the microleakage, so that only the main effects of material and adhesive system were included in the final model. Enamel conditioning with the total-etch and single-bottle adhesive system provided consistently microleakage resistance when compared with the use of the all-in-one bonding system. The all-in-one adhesive system demonstrated the most microleakage regardless of the material used for the pit and fissure sealant. The hypothesis of this thesis was that there would be no significant difference in fissure penetration or microleakage between the conventional pit and fissure sealant or the flowable composite, regardless of the adhesive system used. The results of this study support the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in fissure penetration between the materials. The result did demonstrate that there was significant difference in microleakage between the three different adhesive systems used.Item Fluoride in the diet of 2-years-old children(Wiley, 2017-06) Martinez-Mier, E. Angeles; Spencer, Kathryn L.; Sanders, Brian J.; Jones, James E.; Soto-Rojas, Armando E.; Tomlin, Angela M.; Vinson, LaQuia A.; Weddell, James A.; Eckert, George J.; Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of DentistryObjectives This study aimed to calculate the fluoride concentrations of commonly consumed foods and beverages for 2-years-old children utilizing market basket information for the US Midwest region. Methods Total Diet Study food lists were cross-referenced with National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey—What We Eat in America data to determine the foods and beverages to be included. Fluoride concentrations were determined using a modification of the hexamethyldisiloxane microdiffusion technique. Fluoride concentrations were summarized for each of the food categories. Daily dietary fluoride intake was estimated using a simulation analysis. Results Food and beverage fluoride concentrations varied widely, ranging from nondetectable for some oils and dairy products to more than 3.0 μgF/g food for some processed meats, fish and fruits. The estimated mean (±SD) daily dietary fluoride intake, excluding dentifrice and supplements, was 412±114 μgF/d. The estimated average ingestion for a 2-years-old weighing 12.24 kg was 0.034±0.009 mg/kg/d. A diet based on foods and beverages in the fifth percentile of fluoride intake distribution for an average child would result in 247 μgF/d or 0.020 mg/kg/d, while a diet with foods and beverages in the 95th percentile would result in a total intake of 622 μgF/d or 0.051 mg/kg/d. Conclusions The fluoride concentrations of foods and beverages vary widely, and, if items in the 95th percentile of fluoride intake distribution are ingested, children could consume more fluoride than the recommended 0.05 mg/kg/d. Fluoride intake calculated in this study was higher than historically reported dietary levels.Item Use of Analgesics in Postoperative Pain Control by Board Certified Pediatric Dentists(2006) Murphy, Ryan; Weddell, James A.; Parks, Edwin; Jackson, Richard; Dean, Jeffrey A.; Eckert, George; Sanders, Brian J.; Sanders, Brian J.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate what post-operative analgesic agents if any, are provided by clinicians for their pediatric dental patients. The study will also evaluate the clinician's philosophy toward pain management in the child patient and look for trends in these philosophies, as well as trends in where they currently practice with regards to pain management and specific analgesic agents. Methods: An on-line survey (appendix A) was sent to gather data from board certified pediatric dentists. The American Board of Pediatric Dentistry (ABPD) website was used to obtain an e-mail directory of addresses of all registered ABPD members. This e-mail provided them with a link to an online survey site where they could access the survey. The online survey site used was surveymonkey.com. The survey was available on-line for 3 months. Mantel-Haenszel and chi-square tests were used to check the relationships of hours of patient care, years of experience, and region of the country with other items in the survey. Results: Responses were received from 210 (27%). The region distribution of the responders was compared to the region distribution of all pediatric dentists. The distributions were found to be similar (p=0.81 using a one-sample chi-square test). Conclusions: Ibuprofen and acetaminophen are recommended most frequently for over the counter (OTC) post-operative pain control by board certified pediatric dentists. Acetaminophen with codeine is prescribed most frequently for post-operative pain control by board certified pediatric dentists. The majority of board certified pediatric dentists adhere to the same philosophies with regard to post-operative pain management as taught in their respective post graduate programs.