Browsing by Author "Vazquez, Jessica"

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    Effects of chemotherapy on aging white matter microstructure: a longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study
    (Elsevier, 2020-03) Chen, Bihong T.; Ye, Ningrong; Wong, Chi Wah; Patel, Sunita K.; Jin, Taihao; Sun, Can-Lan; Rockne, Russell C.; Kim, Heeyoung; Root, James C.; Saykin, Andrew J.; Ahles, Tim A.; Holodny, Andrei I.; Prakash, Neal; Mortimer, Joanne; Sedrak, Mina S.; Waisman, James; Yuan, Yuan; Li, Daneng; Vazquez, Jessica; Katheria, Vani; Dale, William; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Objective: We aimed to use diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to detect alterations in white matter microstructure in older patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy. Methods: We recruited women age ≥60 years with stage I-III breast cancer (chemotherapy [CT] group; n = 19) to undergo two study assessments: at baseline and within one month after chemotherapy. Each assessment consisted of a brain magnetic resonance imaging scan with DTI and neuropsychological (NP) testing using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox Cognition Battery. An age- and sex-matched group of healthy controls (HC, n = 14) underwent the same assessments at matched intervals. Four DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy [FA], mean diffusivity [MD], axial diffusivity [AD], and radial diffusivity [RD]) were calculated and correlated with NP testing scores. Results: For CT group but not HCs, we detected statistically significant increases in MD and RD in the genu of the corpus callosum from time point 1 to time point 2 at p < 0.01, effect size:0.3655 and 0.3173, and 95% confidence interval: from 0.1490 to 0.5821, and from 0.1554 to 0.4792, for MD and RD respectively. AD values increased for the CT group and decreased for the HC group over time, resulting in significant between-group differences (p = 0.0056, effect size:1.0215, 95% confidence interval: from 0.2773 to 1.7657). There were no significant correlations between DTI parameters and NP scores (p > 0.05). Conclusions: We identified alterations in white matter microstructures in older women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. These findings may potentially serve as neuroimaging biomarkers for identifying cognitive impairment in older adults with cancer.
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    Gray matter density reduction associated with adjuvant chemotherapy in older women with breast cancer
    (Springer, 2018-11) Chen, Bihong T.; Jin, Taihao; Patel, Sunita K.; Ye, Ningrong; Sun, Can‑Lan; Ma, Huiyan; Rockne, Russell C.; Root, James C.; Saykin, Andrew J.; Ahles, Tim A.; Holodny, Andrei I.; Prakash, Neal; Mortimer, Joanne; Waisman, James; Yuan, Yuan; Li, Daneng; Somlo, George; Vazquez, Jessica; Levi, Abrahm; Tan, Heidi; Yang, Richard; Katheria, Vani; Hurria, Arti; Medicine, School of Medicine
    PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate longitudinal changes in brain gray matter density (GMD) before and after adjuvant chemotherapy in older women with breast cancer. METHODS: We recruited 16 women aged ≥ 60 years with stage I-III breast cancers receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) and 15 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). The CT group underwent brain MRI and the NIH Toolbox for Cognition testing prior to adjuvant chemotherapy (time point 1, TP1) and within 1 month after chemotherapy (time point 2, TP2). The HC group underwent the same assessments at matched intervals. GMD was evaluated with the voxel-based morphometry. RESULTS: The mean age was 67 years in the CT group and 68.5 years in the HC group. There was significant GMD reduction within the chemotherapy group from TP1 to TP2. Compared to the HC group, the CT group displayed statistically significantly greater GMD reductions from TP1 to TP2 in the brain regions involving the left anterior cingulate gyrus, right insula, and left middle temporal gyrus (pFWE(family-wise error)-corrected < 0.05). The baseline GMD in left insula was positively correlated with the baseline list-sorting working memory score in the HC group (pFWE-corrected < 0.05). No correlation was observed for the changes in GMD with the changes in cognitive testing scores from TP1 to TP2 (pFWE-corrected < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that GMD reductions were associated with adjuvant chemotherapy in older women with breast cancer. Future studies are needed to understand the clinical significance of the neuroimaging findings. This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01992432).
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    Intrinsic brain activity changes associated with adjuvant chemotherapy in older women with breast cancer: a pilot longitudinal study
    (Springer, 2019-04-23) Chen, Bihong T.; Jin, Taihao; Patel, Sunita K.; Ye, Ningrong; Ma, Huiyan; Wong, Chi Wah; Rockne, Russell C.; Root, James C.; Saykin, Andrew J.; Ahles, Tim A.; Holodny, Andrei I.; Prakash, Neal; Mortimer, Joanne; Waisman, James; Yuan, Yuan; Li, Daneng; Sedrak, Mina S.; Vazquez, Jessica; Katheria, Vani; Dale, William; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine
    Purpose Older cancer patients are at increased risk of cancer-related cognitive impairment. The purpose of this study was to assess the alterations in intrinsic brain activity associated with adjuvant chemotherapy in older women with breast cancer. Methods Chemotherapy treatment (CT) group included sixteen women aged ≥ 60 years (range 60–82 years) with stage I-III breast cancers, who underwent both resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and neuropsychological testing with NIH Toolbox for Cognition before adjuvant chemotherapy, at time point 1 (TP1), and again within 1 month after completing chemotherapy, at time point 2 (TP2). Fourteen age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent the same assessments at matched intervals. Three voxel-wise rs-fMRI parameters: amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), and regional homogeneity (ReHo), were computed at each time point. The changes in rs-fMRI parameters from TP1 to TP2 for each group, the group differences in changes (the CT group vs. the HC group), and the group difference in the baseline rs-fMRI parameters were assessed. In addition, correlative analysis between the rs-fMRI parameters and neuropsychological testing scores was also performed. Results In the CT group, one brain region, which included parts of the bilateral subcallosal gyri and right anterior cingulate gyrus, displayed increased ALFF from TP1 to TP2 (cluster p-corrected=0.024); another brain region in the left precuneus displayed decreased fALFF from TP1 to TP2 (cluster level p-corrected=0.025). No significant changes in the rs-fMRI parameters from TP1 to TP2 were observed in the HC group. Although ALFF and fALFF alterations were observed only in the CT group, none of the between-group differences in rs-fMRI parameter changes reached statistical significance. Conclusions Our study results of ALFF and fALFF alterations in the chemotherapy-treated women suggest that adjuvant chemotherapy may affect intrinsic brain activity in older women with breast cancer.