Browsing by Author "Tucker, Brady J."

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    Calvarium Thinning in Patients with Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks of the Anterior Skull Base
    (Wiley, 2021-06) Sharma, Dhruv; Tucker, Brady J.; Millay, David S.; Rubel, Kolin E.; Saltagi, Mohamad; Nelson, Rick F.; Illing, Elisa A.; Ting, Jonathan Y.; Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine
    Objectives/Hypothesis Patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks (sCSF-L) of the temporal bone have isolated calvarial and skull base thinning that is independent of obesity. This study determines if anterior skull base (ASB) sCSF-L patients also have calvarial thinning. Study Design Retrospective Cohort Study. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of ASB sCSF-L patients compared to nonobese (body mass index [BMI] < 30 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 30) control groups. Twenty-one patients in the ASB sCSF-L group and 25 patients in each control group were included. Calvarium and extracranial zygoma thicknesses were measured bilaterally with blinded, standardized, volumetric analysis. Results ASB sCSF-L patients had a mean (SD) age of 50.43 (10.19) years, an average (SD) BMI of 38.81 (8.92) kg/m2, and most were female (85.71%). The calvarium in patients with ASB sCSF-L was significantly thinner than the nonobese (2.55 mm [0.77] vs. 2.97 [0.67] mm; P = .006; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.12–0.30; Cohen d, 0.58) and obese control groups (2.55 [0.77] vs. 2.92 [0.76] mm; P = .02; 95% CI, 0.05–0.34; Cohen d, 0.66). The calvarium thickness of the nonobese patients was not significantly different from the obese patient controls (2.97 [0.67] vs. 2.92 [0.76] mm, P = .9). The extracranial zygoma was not significantly different among the groups (analysis of variance, P = .33). Conclusions ASB sCSF-L patients have isolated calvarial thinning that is independent of obesity. Like lateral skull base sCSF-L patients, these data suggest that the additional obesity-associated intracranial process contributes to skull thinning.
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    TMPRSS3 expression is limited in spiral ganglion neurons: implication for successful cochlear implantation
    (BMJ, 2022) Chen, Yuan-Siao; Cabrera, Ernesto; Tucker, Brady J.; Shin, Timothy J.; Moawad, Jasmine V.; Totten, Douglas J.; Booth, Kevin T.; Nelson, Rick F.; Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine
    Background: It is well established that biallelic mutations in transmembrane protease, serine 3 (TMPRSS3) cause hearing loss. Currently, there is controversy regarding the audiological outcomes after cochlear implantation (CI) for TMPRSS3-associated hearing loss. This controversy creates confusion among healthcare providers regarding the best treatment options for individuals with TMPRSS3-related hearing loss. Methods: A literature review was performed to identify all published cases of patients with TMPRSS3-associated hearing loss who received a CI. CI outcomes of this cohort were compared with published adult CI cohorts using postoperative consonant-nucleus-consonant (CNC) word performance. TMPRSS3 expression in mouse cochlea and human auditory nerves (HAN) was determined by using hybridisation chain reaction and single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis. Results: In aggregate, 27 patients (30 total CI ears) with TMPRSS3-associated hearing loss treated with CI, and 85% of patients reported favourable outcomes. Postoperative CNC word scores in patients with TMPRSS3-associated hearing loss were not significantly different than those seen in adult CI cohorts (8 studies). Robust Tmprss3 expression occurs throughout the mouse organ of Corti, the spindle and root cells of the lateral wall and faint staining within <5% of the HAN, representing type II spiral ganglion neurons. Adult HAN express negligible levels of TMPRSS3. Conclusion: The clinical features after CI and physiological expression of TMPRSS3 suggest against a major role of TMPRSS3 in auditory neurons.