Browsing by Author "Tran, Yvette H."

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    DEI-05. Assessing Household Material Hardship in Children with Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumors
    (Oxford University Press, 2024-06-18) Coven, Scott L.; Tran, Yvette H.; Park, Seho; Mendonça, Eneida A.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    BACKGROUND: Household material hardship (HMH) is defined as unmet basic needs including food, heat, housing, or transportation. Researchers have documented higher rates of poor nutrition, injury, infectious disease, and hospitalization in healthy children living in families with household material hardship. Furthermore, targeted interventions exist to modify these health outcomes. However, little is known regarding the relationship between social determinants of health and their impact on overall and quality of survival for children with brain or spinal cord tumors. The current available information is based upon retrospective and secondary data sources, often limited to basic socioeconomic factors such as race and ethnicity. The objective was to describe the change in household material hardship through patient reported outcome measures from baseline to six-months and explore the association between social determinants of health, including prospective household material hardship data, and clinical outcomes among children with brain and spinal cord tumors. METHODS: We aimed to enroll 150 patients with a brain or spinal cord tumors who were followed by the Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Program at Riley Hospital for Children at IU Health. These participants were approached during their routinely scheduled clinic visits by a member of the study team. Written or verbal consent/assent was obtained, and their data was transcribed into a REDCap™ database. RESULTS: To date, we have enrolled 118 children onto this study, with 35/76 participants completing their six-month follow-up survey. In line with Kira Bona’s previous work, we have found that around 30% acknowledged one positive domain of household material hardship. Additionally, we have found that almost 40% of our cohort fall below the 200% Federal Poverty Level, which is often considered a cutpoint for lower socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown that collecting prospective patient reported sociodemographic information is feasible in a busy clinical setting.
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    Observation of spectators’ mask-wearing behavior at a national basketball tournament
    (Taylor & Francis, 2024) Tran, Yvette H.; Blackburn, Justin; Vest, Joshua R.; Health Policy and Management, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health
    Rationale/purpose: 1.Mass gathering events have resumed with the availability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. However, the pandemic is ongoing and such events potentially contribute to upsurges in COVID-19 cases. There is mounting evidence that public health mitigation strategies such as mask requirements, capacity restrictions, and physical distancing reduce transmission risk. However, evidence suggests imperfect compliance with these strategies. This study aimed to quantify spectators' masking behaviors and identify correlates of mask-wearing during a major sporting event. Design/methodology/approach: 2.This study used a repeated cross-sectional design, in which trained observers used a web-based application to record counts of mask-wearing. Findings: 3.Overall, 74% of spectators observed correctly wore masks. Mask-wearing behavior was associated with presumed sex, location of the spectator, game competitiveness, and whether the teams playing originated from a state with an active mask mandate. Implications: 4.Understanding the factors associated with masking behavior may help venues prepare for future events and identify innovative and targeted strategies to promote compliance with public health mitigation measures. Contribution: 5.This study makes contributions to understanding how to manage public health risks during a high-profile sporting event, specifically by identifying spectator-, game-, venue-, and state-level factors associated with mask-wearing.
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    Social determinants of health and pediatric cancer survival: A systematic review
    (Wiley, 2022) Tran, Yvette H.; Coven, Scott L.; Park, Seho; Mendonca, Eneida A.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Despite treatment advancements and improved survival, approximately 1800 children in the United States will die of cancer annually. Survival may depend on nonclinical factors, such as economic stability, neighborhood and built environment, health and health care, social and community context, and education, otherwise known as social determinants of health (SDoH). Extant literature reviews have linked socioeconomic status (SES) and race to disparate outcomes; however, these are not inclusive of all SDoH. Thus, we conducted a systematic review on associations between SDoH and survival in pediatric cancer patients. Of the 854 identified studies, 25 were included in this review. In addition to SES, poverty and insurance coverage were associated with survival. More studies that include other SDoH, such as social and community factors, utilize prospective designs, and conduct analyses with more precise SDoH measures are needed.