Browsing by Author "Shull, Gary E."

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    SERCA2 Deficiency Impairs Pancreatic β-Cell Function in Response to Diet-Induced Obesity
    (American Diabetes Association, 2016-10) Tong, Xin; Kono, Tatsuyoshi; Anderson-Baucum, Emily K.; Yamamoto, Wataru; Gilon, Patrick; Lebeche, Djamel; Day, Richard N.; Shull, Gary E.; Evans-Molina, Carmella; Cellular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine
    The sarcoendoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ ATPase 2 (SERCA2) pump is a P-type ATPase tasked with the maintenance of ER Ca2+ stores. Whereas β-cell SERCA2 expression is reduced in diabetes, the role of SERCA2 in the regulation of whole-body glucose homeostasis has remained uncharacterized. To this end, SERCA2 heterozygous mice (S2HET) were challenged with a high-fat diet (HFD) containing 45% of kilocalories from fat. After 16 weeks of the HFD, S2HET mice were hyperglycemic and glucose intolerant, but adiposity and insulin sensitivity were not different between HFD-fed S2HET mice and HFD-fed wild-type controls. Consistent with a defect in β-cell function, insulin secretion, glucose-induced cytosolic Ca2+ mobilization, and the onset of steady-state glucose-induced Ca2+ oscillations were impaired in HFD-fed S2HET islets. Moreover, HFD-fed S2HET mice exhibited reduced β-cell mass and proliferation, altered insulin production and proinsulin processing, and increased islet ER stress and death. In contrast, SERCA2 activation with a small molecule allosteric activator increased ER Ca2+ storage and rescued tunicamycin-induced β-cell death. In aggregate, these data suggest a critical role for SERCA2 and the regulation of ER Ca2+ homeostasis in the β-cell compensatory response to diet-induced obesity.