Browsing by Author "Seeley, Randy J."

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    Gastrokine-1, an anti-amyloidogenic protein secreted by the stomach, regulates diet-induced obesity
    (Springer Nature, 2021-05-04) Overstreet, Anne-Marie C.; Grayson, Bernadette E.; Boger, Antonia; Bakke, Danika; Carmody, Erin M.; Bales, Cayla E.; Paski, Shirley C.; Murphy, Stephen F.; Dethlefs, Christopher R.; Shannon, Kara J.; Adlaka, Katie R.; Wolford, Claire E.; Campiti, Vincent J.; Raghunandan, Christina V.; Seeley, Randy J.; Boone, David L.; Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine
    Obesity and its sequelae have a major impact on human health. The stomach contributes to obesity in ways that extend beyond its role in digestion, including through effects on the microbiome. Gastrokine-1 (GKN1) is an anti-amyloidogenic protein abundantly and specifically secreted into the stomach lumen. We examined whether GKN1 plays a role in the development of obesity and regulation of the gut microbiome. Gkn1−/− mice were resistant to diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis (high fat diet (HFD) fat mass (g) = 10.4 ± 3.0 (WT) versus 2.9 ± 2.3 (Gkn1−/−) p < 0.005; HFD liver mass (g) = 1.3 ± 0.11 (WT) versus 1.1 ± 0.07 (Gkn1−/−) p < 0.05). Gkn1−/− mice also exhibited increased expression of the lipid-regulating hormone ANGPTL4 in the small bowel. The microbiome of Gkn1−/− mice exhibited reduced populations of microbes implicated in obesity, namely Firmicutes of the class Erysipelotrichia. Altered metabolism consistent with use of fat as an energy source was evident in Gkn1−/− mice during the sleep period. GKN1 may contribute to the effects of the stomach on the microbiome and obesity. Inhibition of GKN1 may be a means to prevent obesity.
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    Joint international consensus statement for ending stigma of obesity
    (Nature Research, 2020) Rubino, Francesco; Puhl, Rebecca M.; Cummings, David E.; Eckel, Robert H.; Ryan, Donna H.; Mechanick, Jeffrey I.; Nadglowski, Joe; Salas, Ximena Ramos; Schauer, Phillip R.; Twenefour, Douglas; Apovian, Caroline M.; Aronne, Louis J.; Batterham, Rachel L.; Berthoud, Hans-Rudolph; Boza, Camilo; Busetto, Luca; Dicker, Dror; de Groot, Mary; Eisenberg, Daniel; Flint, Stuart W.; Huang, Terry T.; Kaplan, Lee M.; Kirwan, John P.; Korner, Judith; Kyle, Ted K.; Laferrère, Blandine; le Roux, Carel W.; McIver, LaShawn; Mingrone, Geltrude; Nece, Patricia; Reid, Tirissa J.; Rogers, Ann M.; Rosenbaum, Michael; Seeley, Randy J.; Torres, Antonio J.; Dixon, John B.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    People with obesity commonly face a pervasive, resilient form of social stigma. They are often subject to discrimination in the workplace as well as in educational and healthcare settings. Research indicates that weight stigma can cause physical and psychological harm, and that affected individuals are less likely to receive adequate care. For these reasons, weight stigma damages health, undermines human and social rights, and is unacceptable in modern societies. To inform healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the public about this issue, a multidisciplinary group of international experts, including representatives of scientific organizations, reviewed available evidence on the causes and harms of weight stigma and, using a modified Delphi process, developed a joint consensus statement with recommendations to eliminate weight bias. Academic institutions, professional organizations, media, public-health authorities, and governments should encourage education about weight stigma to facilitate a new public narrative about obesity, coherent with modern scientific knowledge.