Browsing by Author "Schroeder, Matthew W."

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Association Between Subjective Cognitive Decline and Twice-Weekly Muscle-Strengthening Activities in Middle-Aged and Older US Adults: An Analysis of the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
    (Sage, 2024) Schroeder, Matthew W.; Waring, Molly E.; Fowler, Nicole R.; Mace, Ryan A.; Pagoto, Sherry L.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Purpose: Adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), the self-reported concern of reduced cognitive function, are recommended to do physical activity for its brain health benefits. US adults aged ≥45 with SCD are less likely to meet the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) aerobic activity recommendations. Their engagement in muscle-strengthening activities is unknown. We aimed to identify if US adults aged ≥45 with SCD are less likely to do twice-weekly muscle-strengthening activities compared to those without SCD. Design: Secondary analysis of the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. Sample: 114 164 respondents, representing approximately 59 million US adults aged ≥45. Measures: SCD was indicated if the respondent reported confusion or memory loss during the past 12 months (yes/no). Respondents reported the frequency of muscle-strengthening activities, which we categorized as meeting the ACSM's recommendations (2+ times per week) or not (<2 times per week). Analysis: Crude and adjusted logistic regression models controlling for variables associated with SCD and muscle-strengthening activities. The models used sample weights to represent US adults in the included 31 states and Washington D.C. Results: US adults aged ≥45 with SCD were less likely to do twice-weekly muscle-strengthening activities than those without SCD (28.6% [SE: .8%] vs 33.5% [SE: .3%], adjusted OR, .9; 95% CI: .9-1.0). Conclusion: Primary care providers should encourage middle-aged and older patients to engage in muscle-strengthening and aerobic activities.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Loneliness in Older Primary Care Patients and Its Relationship to Physical and Mental Health-Related Quality of Life
    (Wiley, 2024) Williams-Farrelly, Monica M.; Schroeder, Matthew W.; Li, Claudia; Perkins, Anthony J.; Bakas, Tamilyn; Head, Katharine J.; Boustani, Malaz; Fowler, Nicole R.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: Loneliness is a significant public health challenge in the United States, especially among older adults. The epidemiology of loneliness among older adults in primary care is lacking, and specific research is needed on how loneliness impacts older primary patients' physical, mental, and cognitive health. A large sample of older primary care patients were recruited for a trial during the COVID-19 pandemic to measure the relationship between loneliness and physical and mental quality of life (QOL). Methods: Baseline data come from the Caregiver Outcomes of Alzheimer's Disease Screening (COADS) study, an ongoing randomized controlled trial evaluating benefits and risks of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias screening among primary care patients ages 65 and older, collected April 2020 to September 2021. Loneliness was measured with the 5-item, Loneliness Fixed Form Ages 18+ from The NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery, physical and mental health-related QOL was measured with the SF-36v2, and depression and anxiety severity were measured with the PHQ-9 and GAD-7, respectively. Results: Spearman correlation analyses revealed that loneliness was moderately correlated with mental health QOL (r[601] = -0.43, p < 0.001), anxiety severity (r[601] = 0.44, p < 0.001), and depression severity (r[601] = 0.42, p < 0.001), while weakly correlated with physical health QOL (r[601] = -0.15, p < 0.001). After conducting unadjusted and adjusted linear regression models, we found that loneliness was significantly associated with both lower mental (p < 0.001) and physical (p < 0.001) QOL. Furthermore, loneliness remained significantly associated with worse mental QOL after adjusting for age, gender, race, ethnicity, educational level, perceived income status, neighborhood disadvantage, severity of comorbidities, and comorbid depression and anxiety. Conclusion: Primary care providers should discuss loneliness with their older adult patients and provide resources to help patients develop and maintain meaningful social relationships.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Relationship between health-related quality of life, depression, and anxiety in older primary care patients and their family members
    (Taylor & Francis, 2024) Fowler, Nicole R.; Perkins, Anthony J.; Park, Seho; Schroeder, Matthew W.; Boustani, Malaz A.; Head, Katharine J.; Bakas, Tamilyn; Communication Studies, School of Liberal Arts
    Objectives Patient-family member dyads experience transitions through illness as an interdependent team. This study measures the association of depression, anxiety, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of older adult primary care patient-family member dyads. Methods Baseline data from 1,808 patient-family member dyads enrolled in a trial testing early detection of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in primary care. Actor-Partner Independence Model was used to analyze dyadic relationships between patients’ and family members’ depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), and HRQOL (SF-36 Physical Component Summary score and Mental Component Summary score). Results Family member mean (SD) age is 64.2 (13) years; 32.2% male; 84.6% White; and 64.8% being the patient’s spouse/partner. Patient mean (SD) age is 73.7 (5.7) years; 47% male; and 85.1% White. For HRQOL, there were significant actor effects for patient and family member depression alone and depression and anxiety together on their own HRQOL (p < 0.001). There were significant partner effects where family member depression combined with anxiety was associated with the patient’s physical component summary score of the SF-36 (p = 0.010), and where the family member’s anxiety alone was associated with the patient’s mental component summary score of the SF-36 (p = 0.031). Conclusion Results from this study reveal that many dyads experience covarying health status (e.g. depression, anxiety) even prior to entering a caregiving situation.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Relationship of Decisional Conflict About Driving Habits Between Older Adult Drivers and Their Family Members and Close Friends
    (Sage, 2024) Fowler, Nicole R.; Johnson, Rachel L.; Peterson, Ryan; Schroeder, Matthew W.; Omeragic, Faris; DiGuiseppi, Carolyn; Han, S. Duke; Hill, Linda; Betz, Marian E.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    This study examines the relationship of decisional conflict about driving habits between older adult drivers (≥70 years old) and their family members and close friends. This secondary analysis utilizes data originating from a multi-site randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of a driving decision aid (DDA) intervention. Decisional conflict about stopping or changing driving habits for drivers was measured with the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS). Dyadic associations between drivers’ and study partners’ (SPs’) DCS scores were analyzed using an actor-partner interdependence model. Among 228 driver-SP dyads, Dyadic DCS was correlated at baseline (r = .18, p < .01), and pre-intervention DCS was associated with post-intervention DCS (p < .001 for SPs [β = .73] and drivers [β = .73]). Drivers’ baseline DCS and SPs’ post-intervention DCS were slighly correlated (β = .10; p = .036). Higher decisional conflict about driving among older drivers is frequently shared by their SPs. Shared decisional conflict may persist beyond intervening to support decision-making about driving cessation.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Older Primary Care Patients and Their Family Members
    (Hindawi, 2022-10-15) Seibert, Tara; Schroeder, Matthew W.; Perkins, Anthony J.; Park, Seho; Batista-Malat, Eleanor; Head, Katharine J.; Bakas, Tamilyn; Boustani, Malaz; Fowler, Nicole R.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    The COVID-19 pandemic introduced mandatory stay-at-home orders and concerns about contracting a virus that impacted the physical and mental health of much of the world's population. This study compared the rates of depression and anxiety in a sample of older primary care patients (aged ≥65 years old) and their family members recruited for a clinical trial before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were dyads enrolled in the Caregiver Outcomes of Alzheimer's Disease Screening (COADS) trial, which included 1,809 dyads of older primary care patients and one of their family members. Mean scores on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) were measured and compared before and during the pandemic. We found no difference in depression and anxiety among dyads of older primary care patients and their family members recruited before and during COVID-19. Additionally, we found that older primary care patients and family members who reported their income as comfortable had significantly lower depression and anxiety compared to those who reported having not enough to make ends meet. Along with this, older primary care patients with a high school education or less were more likely to have anxiety compared to those with a postgraduate degree. Moreover, our findings support the notion that certain demographics of older primary care patients and family members are at a higher risk for depression and anxiety, indicating who should be targeted for psychological health interventions that can be adapted during COVID-19. Future research should continue monitoring older primary care patients and their family members through the remainder of the COVID-19 pandemic.