IU Indianapolis ScholarWorks :: Browsing by Author "Sanders, Brian J."

Browsing by Author "Sanders, Brian J."

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A retrospective clinical study of resin-modified glass ionomer restorations in the primary posterior dentition
(2023-06-01) Dean, Jeffrey A.; Peterson, Hans; Moawad, Amal N. A.; Sanders, Brian J.; Al-Hosainy, Ashraf
The study's objective was to evaluate the survival rate of resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) when used in a capsule form for restoring primary molars. The study was performed in a private pediatric dental practice in Indianapolis, Indiana. Patients included in this retrospective study had at least one RMGI restoration that had been in place at least 12 months previous to the restoration exam and chart review., The material used was Fuji II LC in capsules (GC., Alsip, IL). The cavity preparations were similar to that of amalgam restorations except that there was less extension for prevention, they were more conservative and with rounded line angles. The restorations were placed per the manufacturer’s instructions. The restorations were evaluated using a grading system that is a modification of the one used by Gunner Ryge. The results were as follows: 114 restorations were evaluated in 48 patients with a mean age of restorations of 35.42 months (12 to 76 months). The restorations received Alpha and Bravo grades for Marginal Integrity and for Wear at a rate of 96.0 and 95.6%, respectively, and 95.0% had no Recurrent Caries. The study showed a 93% success rate for restorations. This result supports previous research in that RMGI may be the material of choice when attempting to intracoronally restore primary molars. Also, the use of the capsule form which is mixed through trituration eliminated possible hand mixing errors, and the use of application tips and bulk filling the cavity might improve the overall strength of the restorations.
Binding of oral veillonella species to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite
(1993) Wu, Sonya L.; Hughes, Christopher V.; Gregory, Richard L.; Sanders, Brian J.; Bowman, Dennis E.; Avery, David R.
Veillonella spp. are found in high numbers in the mouth in dental plaque and on the mucosa. Veillonellae utilize lactic acid for their metabolic needs. A symbiotic relationship between Veillonellae and other oral bacteria, including a nutritional relationship with some streptococci, has been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, Veillonellae may protect the host from dental caries. Adherence is the initial step in bacterial colonization of oral surfaces. Recent evidence suggests that certain oral bacteria express molecules (adhesins) on their cell surface, which recognize receptors on other oral bacteria and/or in salivary pellicle. It has been previously demonstrated that Veillonella spp. bind avidly to Streptococcus. spp. found in subgingival plaque. The present study investigated the ability of V. atypica PK1910 to bind to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite (SHA), a model for adherence to the salivary pellicle. The results show that there was statistically significant enhanced binding of Veillonella atypica PK1910 to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads. (p< 0.05) Three classes of coaggregation-defective mutants of V. atypica PK1910 were tested for their ability to bind to SHA. Interestingly, they did not demonstrate any enhanced binding to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads. Heating of PK1910 did not effect binding to SHA. In contrast, protease treatment of the veillonella cell surface inactivated binding. Therefore, it appears that V. atypica PK1910, in addition to binding to oral Streptoccoccus spp. in dental plaque, may also colonize the tooth surface by binding directly to the salivary pellicle. It appears that a distinct heat stable protein may mediate this binding to SHA.
A clinical study of sealants polymerized with two different light sources
(2004) White, Marcia Stoddart; Avery, David R.; Platt, Jeffrey A., 1958-; Moore, B. Keith; Weddell, James A. (James Arthur), 1949-; Sanders, Brian J.; Matis, Bruce A.
This clinical study investigated the efficacy of the new LED LCU technology when compared to that of the QTH LCU by evaluating retention and wear of Clinpro (3M ESPE) sealant material over six months of function. This study was designed as a split mouth, randomized clinical study. Sealants were placed and polymerized on contralateral teeth of 35 patients, 33 of which successfully completed the study. The sealants were evaluated for clinical retention at baseline, three months, and six months by two evaluators. For the wear analysis, the area of the sealant wear at six months is reported. Nine pairs of molars and 22 pairs of premolar teeth were used. This sample size is smaller than the original sample used for clinical evaluation, because a number of the baseline impressions had to be discarded due to poor impression quality. Subsequent impressions were taken at three months, and six months. Epoxy replicas were made from the impressions and the occlusal surface of each replica was digitized using SigmaScan software. A cummulative legit model was applied to the clinical data, and a linear model was applied to the wear analysis. The results for clinical retention over the six months of function were as follows. At Baseline, for the QTH, 97.3 percent of the teeth received an Alpha score; 2.7 percent received a score of B. For the LED, 87.7 percent received a score of A; 12.3 percent received a score of B. At three months follow-up, for the QTH, 93.1 percent received a score of A; 6.9 percent received a score of B. For the LED, 86.1 percent received a score of A; 12.5 percent received a score of B, and 1.14 percent received a score of C. At six months follow-up, for QTH; 91.7 percent received a score of A; 8.3 percent received a score of B. For the LED, 83.3 percent received a score of A; 15.3 percent received a score of B, and 1.14 percent received a score of C. The hypothesis was that there would be no significant difference in clinical retention and wear of Clinpro's sealant polymerized with the QTH or the LED light sources over six months of function. Based on the results of this clinical study, the following conclusions can be made: 1) At baseline, Clinpro's sealant polymerized with QTH light source showed marginally significant better retention than LED light source (p-value 0.05001). 2) There was no significant difference between light sources for sealant clinical retention at three-month and six-month follow up visits. 3) Wear analysis resulted in marginally significant more wear for molar sealants polymerized with LED LCU (p-value 0.0755). 4) Wear analysis showed no significant difference for premolar sealants polymerized with either light source.
Comparison of electrosurgical and formocresol pulpotomy procedures
(1997) Fulkerson, Bradley Todd; Dean, Jeffrey A.; Sanders, Brian J.; Zunt, Susan L., 1951-; Legan, Joseph E.; Avery, David R.
Formocresol is the most commonly used pharmacologic pulpotomy agent. Concerns over its safety have led investigators to search for new pulpotomy medicaments. This study compared the electrosurgical pulpotomy with the formocresol pulpotomy in teeth requiring pulp therapy after carious involvement. There were 25 pulpotomies performed in each group. The teeth were evaluated for clinical and radiographic success after at least six months. In the electrosurgical group, the clinical and radiographic success rates were 96 percent and 84 percent, respectively. The age range at the time of treatment was 26 to 97 months, with a mean treatment age of 63.6 months. The postoperative observation time range was six to 31 months, with the mean being 10.9 months. In the formocresol group, the clinical and radiographic success rates were 100 percent and 92 percent, respectively. The age range at the time of treatment was 32 to 126 months, with a mean treatment age of 68.2 months. The postoperative observation time ranged from five to 25 months, with the mean being 11.5 months. The electrosurgical and forrnocresol groups were compared for differences in the percentage of successes by using a Fisher's Exact test. There were no statistical differences between the two groups at the p < 0.05 level. Therefore, this study failed to demonstrate a statistically significant difference in the success rate between the electrosurgical and formocresol pulpotomy techniques and supports the use of the electrosurgical pulpotomy as a viable and safe alternative to formocresol.
Comparison of Electrosurgical and Formocresol Pulpotomy Procedures
(1997) Fulkerson, Bradley Todd; Dean, Jeffrey A.; Avery, David R.; Sanders, Brian J.; Zunt, Susan L.; Legan, Joseph E.
Formocresol is the most commonly used pharmacologic pulpotomy agent. Concerns over its safety have led investigators to search for new pulpotomy medicaments. This study compared the electrosurgical pulpotomy with the formocresol pulpotomy in teeth requiring pulp therapy after carious involvement. There were 25 pulpotomies performed in each group. The teeth were evaluated for clinical and radiographic success after at least six months. In the electrosurgical group, the clinical and radiographic success rates were 96 percent and 84 percent, respectively. The age range at the time of treatment was 26 to 97 months, with a mean treatment age of 63.6 months. The postoperative observation time range was six to 31 months, with the mean being 10.9 months. In the formocresol group, the clinical and radiographic success rates were 100 percent and 92 percent, respectively. The age range at the time of treatment was 32 to 126 months, with a mean treatment age of 68.2 months. The postoperative observation time ranged from five to 25 months, with the mean being 11.5 months. The electrosurgical and formocresol groups were compared for differences in the percentage of successes by using a Fisher's Exact test. There were no statistical differences between the two groups at the p < 0.05 level. Therefore, this study failed to demonstrate a statistically significant difference in the success rate between the electrosurgical and formocresol pulpotomy techniques and supports the use of the electrosurgical pulpotomy as a viable and safe alternative to formocresol.
A comparison of hardness and abrasion resistance of two sealant materials after polymerization from different distances by different light sources
(2008) Ritchie, Craig D.; Dean, Jeffrey A.; Avery, David R.; Sanders, Brian J.; Weddell, James A. (James Arthur), 1949-; Platt, Jeffrey A., 1958-; Tomlin, Angela; Moore, B. Keith
BACKGROUND The efficacy of sealants to aid in the prevention of pit and fissure caries is well documented. In order for the sealants to be effective, they must be placed properly and retained for as long as possible. Clinicians must be aware that the proper placement of sealants is technique-sensitive and must be well controlled in order to achieve the best results. This study aims to determine if certain variables have an effect on curing of the sealant material to a degree that would compromise its integrity, strength, and longevity. METHODS AND MATERIALS Two commonly used sealant materials Ultraseal XT (Ultradent Products Inc., South Jordan, UT) and Delton (Dentsply International, Woodbridge, Ontario, Canada) were chosen and tested for microhardness and abrasion resistance after they were polymerized. This study did not focus on the materials themselves, but rather the technique by which they were polymerized and what effect this had on the materials. Three separate light sources, a traditional halogen light (QHL 75, Dentsply International, Woodbridge, Ontario, Canada), and two newer LED lights (Ultralume LED, Ultradent Products Inc., South Jordan, UT; and 3M Freelight LED, 3M Corp, St Paul, MN) were used in this study. The materials were then cured with each light at each of three different distances: contact (0.5 mm), 2 mm, and 10 mm. The effects of light source variation and distance from the material at the time of polymerization was then evaluated for any significance to sealant placement technique. Specimens were tested for each variable combination of sealant material, light source, and distance between the two while curing. Six samples were tested for each variable grouping for abrasion resistance, and four separate san1ples were tested fron1 the san1e grouping for Knoop hardness. The results were analyzed for significance to determine if certain techniques are or could be beneficial or damaging to the quality of care provided by today's practitioners. RESULTS It was found that materials and light sources varied in combination and with different techniques (e.g., distance). In general, the top surface polymerized best when cured at a distance of 2 mm to 10 mm, while the bottom surface polymerized best at a distance of 0.5 mm. The halogen light consistently outperformed the two LED lights, with the 3M LED consistently producing the worst results. CONCLUSIONS The halogen curing light used in this study outperformed the LED lights in almost every category, despite the LED light manufacturer's claims of equality. For more reliable polymerization, the halogen light should be used. SIGNIFICANCE The practitioner must be aware of the material that he/she is using and how the chosen light source polymerizes that material. Manufacturers' claims and recommendations cannot be trusted to accurately produce the best results with every product on the market today, sometimes not even with the manufacturers' own products. It is crucial for practitioners to be well versed and knowledgeable about the products that they use, based on current research and not manufacturers' claims.
A comparison of IgA antibody levels in caries-resistant and caries-susceptible children
(1993) Rose, Paul Todd; Hughes, Christopher V.; Avery, David R.; Sanders, Brian J.; Branca, Ronald A.; Gregory, Richard L.
Secretory immunity is believed to play a role in natural resistance to dental caries. Although dental caries has dramatically decreased in children in the United States, there remains a population of caries-susceptible children even in fluoridated communities. Previous studies have shown a positive correlation between salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA) antibody levels to Streptococcus mutans and caries resistance in adults. In the present study, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to compare IgA antibody levels to S. mutans in saliva from 20 caries susceptible (DMFS greater than 5) and 20 caries-resistant (DMFS less than or equal to 1) children (ages 7-11). All subjects resided in fluoridated communities. Salivary S. mutans numbers were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the caries susceptible (31.2 percent of total streptococci) group than in the caries resistant (1.6 percent of total streptococci) group. Whole saliva from caries-resistant children had significantly higher (p = 0.05) levels of IgA antibodies to S. mutans than saliva from caries-susceptible children. However, whole saliva from caries-resistant children had similar levels of IgA1 or IgA2 antibodies against S. mutans to saliva from caries-susceptible children. These results suggest that IgA antibody to S. mutans may play a role in natural protection from dental caries in children and confirm previous reports indicating a role for salivary IgA antibodies to S. mutans in mediation of caries.
A comparison of neodymium: Yttrium, aluminum, garnet laser effects between primary and permanent enamel of dissaciated teeth
(1995) Tleel, Nora Najeeb, 1967-; Dean, Jeffrey A.; Sanders, Brian J.; Schemehorn, Bruce Richard, 1950-; Pruesz, Gerald C.; Avery, David R.
While advances in lasers for soft tissue applications have drastically increased its usage in dentistry, laser use for hard tissue still needs development. This study was conducted to determine the difference between permanent and primary enamel after their exposure to the Nd:YAG laser. Four parameters were studied: Surface topography, acid resistance, surface hardness and caries-like lesion depth creation. Differences between lased primary and permanent teeth were seen in two parameters. Calcium disassociation during acid attack was significantly higher for lased primary enamel (p=0.0126), and lased primary enamel became softer while permanent enamel became harder (p=0.0001). While this study adds to the body of knowledge related to hard tissue laser use, further evaluation and research is needed prior to the routine use of the laser on primary enamel.
Conscious Sedation of the pediatric dental patient: a comparison of meperidine versus butorphanol
(2001) Guthrie, Andrew C. (Andrew Cleveland), 1969-; Sanders, Brian J.; Majcher, Thomas; Tomlin, Angela; Weddell, James A. (James Arthur), 1949-; Avery, David R.
Treating pediatric dental patients four years old and younger can be difficult at times due to patient behavior. Conscious sedation has been employed as a means to control pediatric dental patients for several years. Butorphanol tartrate has been used safely for pain control in pediatric patients for several years, but has never been used for sedating pediatric dental patients. The purpose of this study is to compare the behavioral and physiologic effects of conscious sedation on pediatric dental patients using intramuscular meperidine and an equipotent dosage of intramuscular butorphanol. Forty conscious sedations of ASA I pediatric dental patients between the ages of 13 and 60 months were accomplished using either 2.0 mg/kg of intramuscular meperidine or 0.03 mg/kg of intramuscular butorphanol. Each sedation was videotaped and three viewers viewed the videotapes rating them with a computer program (ACS) involving a four-code behavior rating scale. The tlrree viewers rated patient behavior for each sedation also with a form with global rating, categorical, and dichotomous scales. Physiologic signs of oxygen saturation, blood pressure, heart rate, and respiration rate were monitored at baseline and every 5 minutes during treatment. The operator also rated the sedation patient behavior with a form that had pre-treatment Frankl, post-treatment Frankl, global rating categorical, dichotomous, and sedation success rating scales. The two groups demographic data, physiologic data, ACS data, the three viewer's behavior rating form, and the operator's behavior rating form were analyzed for any statistically significant differences between the groups. The statistical analysis of the demographic data revealed a statistically significant trend in the butorphanol group toward extractions. The meperidine group had a statistically significant higher mean oxygen saturation during treatment (99.63 percent) than the butorphanol group (99.20 percent). The butorphanol group spent significantly more time in the annoyed ACS behavior rating code and showed a trend toward less time spent in the quiet ACS behavior rating code. There were no statistically significant differences in the three viewers ratings of global rating, categorical, and dichotomous scales. The operators' ratings showed the meperidine group had a statistically significant better global rating than the butorphanol group. Overall butorphanol appears to be equal clinically to meperidine in physiologic effects and patient behavior effects. No adverse effects occurred with either medication. Butorphanol may be offered as an alternative sedative agent to other narcotic sedative agents with more side effects.
Correlation between caries prevalence and socioeconomic status in children ages 6 to 36 months
(2000) Ching, Brent Bing Yee; Weddell, James A. (James Arthur), 1949-; Sanders, Brian J.; Tomlin, Angela; Dean, Jeffrey A.; Klein, Arthur Irving, 1922-2004
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the status of a sample of children ages 6 to 36 months with regard to prevalence of tooth decay in a community with an optimum fluoridated water supply. It was determined whether a relation existed between these data and the socioeconomic level of the family. One hundred and fifty children ages 6 to 36 months born and reared in Marion County, Indiana were examined with a dental mirror, explorer and a portable light. Parents/legal guardians of these children were given a questionnaire to obtain family history. Caries prevalence for children ages 6 to 12, 13 to 18, 19 to 24, 25 to 30, and 31 to 36 months were 4%, 0%, 22%, 23%, and 26%, respectively. Age, mother's educational attainment, and Medicaid experience remained significant predictors of caries experience: the odds of caries were 1.1 times for each monthly increase in age. Gender, father's educational attainment, family household income, and single parent status remained marginally significant predictors of caries experience. Results for similar correlation studies between caries prevalence and socioeconomic status for children ages 6 to 36 months are inconsistent. Further research is needed for children ages 6 to 36 months. Caries experience begins before age one. Patients, parents, and health care professionals need to be aware that the caries process begins at an early age, and prevention should begin as early as 6 months of age.

Browsing by Author "Sanders, Brian J."

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