Browsing by Author "Rossing, Jonathan P."
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Item Arab hip-hop and politics of identity : intellectuals, identity and inquilab(2014) D'Souza, Ryan Arron; Rossing, Jonathan P.; Dobris, Catherine A.; Sheeler, Kristina Horn, 1965-Opposing the culture of différance created through American cultural media, this thesis argues, Arab hip-hop artists revive the politically conscious sub-genre of hip-hop with the purpose of normalising their Arab existence. Appropriating hip-hop for a cultural protest, Arab artists create for themselves a sub-genre of conscious hip-hop – Arab-conscious hip-hop and function as Gramsci’s organic intellectuals, involved in better representation of Arabs in the mainstream. Critiquing power dynamics, Arab hip-hop artists are counter-hegemonic in challenging popular identity constructions of Arabs and revealing to audiences biases in media production and opportunities for progress towards social justice. Their identity (re)constructions maintain difference while avoiding Otherness. The intersection of Arab-consciousness through hip-hop and politics of identity necessitates a needed cultural protest, which in the case of Arabs has been severely limited. This thesis progresses by reviewing literature on politics of identity, Arabs in American cultural media, Gramsci’s organic intellectuals and conscious hip-hop. Employing criticism, this thesis presents an argument for Arab hip-hop group, The Arab Summit, as organic intellectuals involved in mainstream representation of the Arab community.Item Conceptualizing Boko Haram : victimage ritual and the construction of Islamic fundamentalism(2014-03-12) Ori, Konye Obaji; Sheeler, Kristina Horn, 1965-; Dobris, Catherine A.; Rossing, Jonathan P.In this study, rhetorical analysis through the framework of victimage ritual is employed to analyze four Boko Haram messages on You Tube, five e-mail messages sent to journalists from leaders of Boko Haram, and a BlogSpot web page devoted to Boko Haram. The aim of this analysis is to understand the persuasive devices by which Boko Haram leaders create, express, and sustain their jurisprudence on acts of violence. The goal of this study is to understand how leaders of Boko Haram construct and express the group’s values, sway belief, and justify violence. The findings show that Boko Haram desire to redeem non-Muslims from perdition, liberate Muslims from persecution, protect Islam from criticism, and revenge perceived acts of injustices against Muslims. The group has embarked on this aim by allotting blame, vilifying the enemy-Other, pressing for a holy war, encouraging martyrdom, and alluding to an apocalypse. Boko Haram’s audience is made to believe that Allah has assigned Boko Haram the task to liberate and restore an Islamic haven in Nigeria. Therefore, opposition from the Nigerian government or Western forces is constructed as actions of evil, thus killing members of the opposition becomes a celestial and noble cause. This juxtaposition serves to encourage the violent Jihad which leaders of Boko Haram claims Allah assigned them to lead in the first place. As a result of this cyclical communication, media houses, along the Nigerian government, Christians and Western ideals become the symbolic evil, against which Muslims, sympathizers and would-be-recruits must unite. By locking Islam against the Nigerian government, Western ideals and Christianity in a characteristically hostile manner, Boko Haram precludes any real solution other than an orchestrated Jihad-crusade-or-cleanse model in which a possible coexistence of Muslims and the enemy-Other are denied, and the threat posed by the enemy-Other is eliminated through conversion or destruction. As a result, this study proposes that Boko Haram Internet messages Boko Haram’s mission reveals a movement of separatism, conservatism, and fascism. A movement based on the claim that its activism will establish a state in accordance with the dictates of Allah.Item Critical Intersections and Comic Possibilities: Extending Racialized Critical Rhetorical Scholarship(2010) Rossing, Jonathan P.Communication scholars conducting work on race must engage work from complementary critical communities to bolster their own critiques and further advance progressive racial coalitions. Critical, rhetorical scholarship and Critical Race Theory (CRT) share principle aims that provide significant ground for interdisciplinary racial projects. Together, these interrelated disciplines can find reinforcement in comedic discourse. This essay locates racial comedy as a space for transformational critiques. More specifically, the author argues that critical rhetorical scholarship and CRT taken jointly can illuminate parallel comic discourses and advance their important correctives pertaining to race and racism.Item Critical Race Humor in a Postracial Moment: Richard Pryor’s Contemporary Parrhesia(Taylor and Francis, 2014-02) Rossing, Jonathan P.; Department of Communication Studies, School of Liberal ArtsRacial truth-telling becomes a difficult project given the current sociopolitical context that privileges postracialism and neoliberal individualism. Critical race humor, however, remains a public and popular discourse where people not only speak but also engage powerful racial truths. This article presents critical race humor as a contemporary form of parrhesia, or frank and courageous criticism. As a critical practice, parrhesia resonates with tenets of critical race scholarship and critical communication scholarship. Using the truth-telling comedy of the late Richard Pryor as a case study, this article suggests that critical race humor could be understood as parrhesia for our time. Moreover, critical race humor as a form of public pedagogy might provide people with the skills and habits of thought necessary to think critically about and transform racial knowledge and reality.Item Dick Gregory and Activist Style: Identifying Attributes of Humor necessary for Activist Advocacy(2013) Rossing, Jonathan P.; Department of Communication Studies, School of Liberal ArtsHuman rights advocacy is often austere, if not funereal. Nevertheless, humorists have long engaged human rights activism through their art. Against claims that humor weakens action or conservatively maintains the status quo, this essay argues for humor as necessary element in human rights activism. At its best, humor awakens communities by providing new perspectives on reality and sharpening understandings of injustice. It provokes dialogue and action and humanizes all parties in a struggle. This essay explores humor as a necessary, if not sufficient, component of an activist political style through a case study of comedian and activist Dick Gregory. Using evidence from Gregory's performances and speeches as well as public discourse about Gregory, this essay establishes humor as an integral characteristic of an activist political style.Item Emancipatory Racial Humor as Critical Public Pedagogy: Subverting Hegemonic Racism(Wiley, 2016-12) Rossing, Jonathan P.; Department of Communication Studies, School of Liberal ArtsThis essay identifies emancipatory racial humor as a disarming critical public pedagogy that confronts racial hegemony. Acknowledging the interpretive quandaries of humor and the possibilities of racist humor, this essay tells an often overlooked story of the comic “heroes” who struggle against dominant racial meanings, power relationships, and identity constructions. The essay analyzes the pedagogical possibilities of critical humorists who creatively confront hegemonic racism and whose work participates in critical projects of social, political, and cultural transformation. Such emancipatory racial humor serves as a critical public pedagogy that exposes dominant public pedagogies, injects counternarratives into the struggle over hegemony, and subverts naturalized racial meanings and privileges.Item Enriching Group Communication through Applied Improvisation and Meditation(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2015-04-17) Najera, Kayla B.; Rossing, Jonathan P.The ability to mindfully listen to others and oneself fosters the healthiest environment for group discussion. This study explores how applied improvisation and meditation might enhance group communication. Applied improvisation is the use of principles and practices of improvisation in nontheatrical settings. One of the many benefits of applied improvisation is that it teaches students how to fully listen to what others are saying. Meditation is the practice of consciously turning inwards and focusing the thoughts for reflective purposes. Meditation teaches students mindfulness and the ability to listen to their inner monologue. Together applied improvisation and meditation builds community, encourages risk taking, removes judgment of self and others, and promotes acceptance through its joint focus on holistic listening. These concepts will be applied to group discussions/reflections occurring on an educationally-meaningful service trip (alternative spring break) to the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago during spring 2015. This is preliminary research using a mixed methods design. First, self-rating questionnaires will be given to the participants. As a participant observer, I will record notes immediately after each reflection session. Finally, qualitative interviews will be conducted the week immediately following the trip with a former trip leader and former trip participants who were also on this specific trip. Mixed methods, or pragmatic research, allows for both quantitative and qualitative data to be gathered in a complementary way. The results will be gathered at the conclusion of the spring break trip. Our anticipated results are that the quality of the group discussion will be enhanced for a safer and more enriching learning environment for participants. If so, these methods can be refined and applied in future service-learning experiences.Item Framing the presidency : presidential depictions on Fox's fictional drama 24(2014) Oliveira Campoy, Juliana de; Sheeler, Kristina Horn, 1965-; Dobris, Catherine A.; Rossing, Jonathan P.Framing theory is one of the most used theories in the discussion of media effects on how people make sense of issues, especially in the political environment. Although it is majorly used for the discussion of news media, framing theory can also be applied in other areas surrounding media production. This thesis uses this theory to discuss how presidents are framed in fiction and implications of race and gender in the assessment of presidential characters by analyzing Fox’s fictional drama 24. Although at first the show seems to bring new options for the presidency, the analysis points Presidents Palmer and Taylor as unfit for office and President Logan as unethical and power-hungry. Following Entman’s (1993) process for analyzing frames in media, embedded white male hegemony was identified in the show. As the show presented a postfeminist and postracial world, it continued to frame femininity and blackness as the opposite to effective executive leadership. Further, white masculinity was associated with power, ambition and ultimately corruption. As other races and gender were pointed as unfit, the status quo was questioned as being corrupt. The show both increases the cynicism that people may develop against politics and damages a more proper consideration of women and people of color to be elected president.Item Frederick Douglass’s Rhetorical Legacy(Taylor & Francis, 2018) Rossing, Jonathan P.; McKivigan, John R.; History, School of Liberal ArtsItem How students display dialogue, deliberation and civic-mindedness(2014-04-02) Weiss, H. Anne; Sheeler, Kristina Horn, 1965-; Goering, Elizabeth M.; Rossing, Jonathan P.