Browsing by Author "Romito, L."

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    Assessment of Biomedical Science Content Acquisition Performance through PBL Group Interaction
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2010-04-09) Romito, L.
    Objective: To assess the relationship between biomedical science content acquisition performance and PBL group interaction. PBL process activities should enable students to learn and apply biomedical science content to clinical situations and enhance understanding. However, learning and exam preparation may be largely driven by post-case individual study and the publicized Learning Objectives. Methods: To determine whether students were actually learning SABS content during PBL process activities, just prior to the Learning Objectives dissemination, we administered a quiz assessing content recall and application as well as a student and facilitator survey to determine students’ role in group regarding the assessed topic. Results: Year 1 mean score: content=84%; application=61%. Year 2 mean score: content=68%; application=20%. Survey response categories were: C1-those whose group did not research the topic, C2-those who did not personally research the topic, but who were in a group where the topic was researched and presented by others, and C3-those who researched the topic and contributed to/were the primary discussants. Year 2. Students scoring 100% were in: C1 (12.3%), C2 (15.5%), and C3 (15.5%). Students scoring 0% were in: C1 (30%), C2 (33%), and C3 (22%). Year 1. Students scoring 100% were in: C1 (50%), C2 (48%), and C3 (55.3%). Students scoring 0% were in: C1 (11%), C2 (9%), and C3 (2.3%). For Year 2, self-reported role in group correlated with scores of 50% (r=0.68) and 0 % (r=-0.78). For Year 1, self-reported role in group correlated with scores of 100% (r=0.78) and 0% (r=0.97). Conclusion: Year 1 and 2 students performed better on test items assessing content recall rather than application. Students who reported being more active in the PBL group process activities tended to have better assessment performance.
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    TOBACCO CESSATION: COMPARING SMOKERS WITH AND WITHOUT SUB-STANCE ABUSE HISTORY
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2012-04-13) Bennett, S.; Kelly, P.; Christen, A.; Romito, L.
    Smoking cessation has been suggested to be more difficult for individuals with a history of chemical dependence. Previous research suggests a higher intensity of nicotine addiction, greater negative affect, and unfavorable psy-chometric assessment scores during cessation. The Indiana University Nico-tine Dependence Program (IUNDP) treated over 1200 patients using a Mayo Clinic-based approach which assesses the behavioral, social, and physiologi-cal aspects of tobacco and nicotine dependence. The IUNDP was also insti-tuted at FB. Participant charts (1992-2011) were selected from IUSD and FB for retrospective analysis. Chart selection criteria consisted of complete, pre-and post quit measures for a minimum of four appointments, and two post-quit appointments. 107 charts from patients without history of chemical de-pendence (ND) and 123 from those with a chemical dependence (CD) history were reviewed. Student researchers, trained to a standardized protocol, cap-tured 16 tobacco use and demographic variables, and 12 post-quit treatment measures. Analyses were made using Pearson chi-square tests for binary da-ta, Wilcoxon rank sum tests for all other data, and Wilcoxon signed rank tests for changes between time periods. Comparatively, smokers in the CD group were likely to be male, and displayed an increase in the following: sensorimotor handling scores of the Horn psychological test of nicotine de-pendence, negative mood, anxiety, restlessness, and average withdrawal scores (p<0.05). Additionally, CD smokers had less decrease in anger, but a greater decrease in frustration (p<0.05). Despite some differences, smokers with and without a history of substance abuse were similar in their tobacco-related addiction parameters. Results suggest that smokers with a history of chemical dependence have greater difficulty during smoking cessation with respect to addiction-related sensorimotor manipulation and psychological withdrawal symptoms.