Browsing by Author "Roe, David"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Interventions targeting mental health self-stigma: A review and comparison
    (American Psychological Association, 2015-06) Yanos, Philip T.; Lucksted, Alicia; Drapalski, Amy L.; Roe, David; Lysaker, Paul; Department of Psychiatry, IU School of Medicine
    OBJECTIVE: With growing awareness of the impact of mental illness self-stigma, interest has arisen in the development of interventions to combat it. The present article briefly reviews and compares interventions targeting self-stigma to clarify the similarities and important differences between the interventions. METHOD: We conducted a narrative review of published literature on interventions targeting self-stigma. RESULTS: Six intervention approaches (Healthy Self-Concept, Self-Stigma Reduction Program, Ending Self-Stigma, Narrative Enhancement and Cognitive Therapy, Coming Out Proud, and Anti-Stigma Photo-Voice Intervention) were identified and are discussed, and data is reviewed on format, group-leader backgrounds, languages, number of sessions, primary mechanisms of action, and the current state of data on their efficacy. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: We conclude with a discussion of common elements and important distinctions between the interventions and a consideration of which interventions might be best suited to particular populations or settings.
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    Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal in the Era of COVID-19
    (APA, 2020) Resnick, Sandra G.; Roe, David; Salyers, Michelle P.; Psychology, School of Science
    The global health crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has brought about previously unimaginable changes to all of health care, including the field of psychiatric rehabilitation. Given these dramatic changes, we pose this editorial to contemplate our mission and how we can best serve the field. We raise questions about how psychiatric rehabilitation will evolve and restate our steadfast commitment to publishing impactful research that shapes the field. We also remain hopeful, knowing psychiatric rehabilitation practitioners, researchers, and participants are pragmatic, persistent, and resilient, and will find opportunities for creativity and innovation even during this difficult time.
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    Quantitative Evidence for Revising the Definition of Primary Graft Dysfunction after Lung Transplant
    (American Thoracic Society, 2018-01-15) Cantu, Edward; Diamond, Joshua M.; Suzuki, Yoshikazu; Lasky, Jared; Schaufler, Christian; Lim, Brian; Shah, Rupal; Porteous, Mary; Lederer, David J.; Kawut, Steven M.; Palmer, Scott M.; Snyder, Laurie D.; Hartwig, Matthew G.; Lama, Vibha N.; Bhorade, Sangeeta; Bermudez, Christian; Crespo, Maria; McDyer, John; Wille, Keith; Orens, Jonathan; Shah, Pali D.; Weinacker, Ann; Weill, David; Wilkes, David; Roe, David; Hage, Chadi; Ware, Lorraine B.; Bellamy, Scarlett L.; Christie, Jason D.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    RATIONALE: Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a form of acute lung injury that occurs after lung transplantation. The definition of PGD was standardized in 2005. Since that time, clinical practice has evolved, and this definition is increasingly used as a primary endpoint for clinical trials; therefore, validation is warranted. OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine whether refinements to the 2005 consensus definition could further improve construct validity. METHODS: Data from the Lung Transplant Outcomes Group multicenter cohort were used to compare variations on the PGD definition, including alternate oxygenation thresholds, inclusion of additional severity groups, and effects of procedure type and mechanical ventilation. Convergent and divergent validity were compared for mortality prediction and concurrent lung injury biomarker discrimination. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A total of 1,179 subjects from 10 centers were enrolled from 2007 to 2012. Median length of follow-up was 4 years (interquartile range = 2.4-5.9). No mortality differences were noted between no PGD (grade 0) and mild PGD (grade 1). Significantly better mortality discrimination was evident for all definitions using later time points (48, 72, or 48-72 hours; P < 0.001). Biomarker divergent discrimination was superior when collapsing grades 0 and 1. Additional severity grades, use of mechanical ventilation, and transplant procedure type had minimal or no effect on mortality or biomarker discrimination. CONCLUSIONS: The PGD consensus definition can be simplified by combining lower PGD grades. Construct validity of grading was present regardless of transplant procedure type or use of mechanical ventilation. Additional severity categories had minimal impact on mortality or biomarker discrimination.
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    Recovery and serious mental illness: a review of current clinical and research paradigms and future directions
    (Taylor & Francis, 2017) Leonhardt, Bethany L.; Huling, Kelsey; Hamm, Jay A.; Roe, David; Hasson-Ohayon, Ilanit; McLeod, Hamish J.; Lysaker, Paul H.; Psychiatry, School of Medicine
    Introduction: Recovery from serious mental illness has historically not been considered a likely or even possible outcome. However, a range of evidence suggests the courses of SMI are heterogeneous with recovery being the most likely outcome. One barrier to studying recovery in SMI is that recovery has been operationalized in divergent and seemingly incompatible ways: as an objective outcome versus a subjective process. Areas covered: This paper offers a review of recovery as a subjective process and recovery as an objective outcome; contrasts methodologies utilized by each approach to assess recovery; reports rates and correlates of recovery; and explores the relationship between objective and subjective forms of recovery. Expert commentary: There are two commonalities of approaching recovery as a subjective process and an objective outcome: (i) the need to make meaning out of one’s experiences to engage in either type of recovery and (ii) there exist many threats to engaging in meaning making that may impact the likelihood of moving toward recovery. We offer four clinical implications that stem from these two commonalities within a divided approach to the concept of recovery from SMI.
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    The impact of illness identity on recovery from severe mental illness: A test of the model
    (Wiley, 2021) Yanos, Philip T.; Adams, Shane; Roe, David; Lysaker, Paul H.; Psychiatry, School of Medicine
    Objective: The Illness Identity model posits that self-stigma reduces hope and self-esteem among persons with severe mental illnesses, impacting a range of outcomes. The "insight paradox" anticipates that the negative effects of self-stigma are amplified by insight. This study tested these predictions using both cluster and path analyses. Method: A total of 117 participants meeting the criteria for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders completed measures of self-stigma, self-esteem, hopelessness, insight, social functioning, coping, and symptoms. Results: Cluster analysis supported the insight paradox; persons with low self-stigma/high insight had fewer psychiatric symptoms and better interpersonal functioning than persons with high self-stigma/low insight. Path analysis did not support the insight paradox, but indicated that self-stigma and insight impact different outcomes. Discussion: Findings suggest that support for the predictions of the Illness Identity model and insight paradox are supported may depend on analytic method. Conclusions: Finding suggest that the benefits of self-stigma reduction may be constrained by insight.