Browsing by Author "Rizer, Kyle"

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    Effect of Deutetrabenazine on Chorea Among Patients With Huntington Disease A Randomized Clinical Trial
    (2016-07) Frank, Samuel; Testa, Claudia M.; Stamler, David; Kayson, Elise; Davis, Charles; Edmondson, Mary C.; Kinel, Shari; Leavitt, Blair; Oakes, David; O'Neill, Christine; Vaughan, Christina; Goldstein, Jody; Herzog, Margaret; Snively, Victoria; Whaley, Jacquelyn; Wong, Cynthia; Suter, Greg; Jankovic, Joseph; Jimenez-Shahed, Joohi; Hunter, Christine; Claassen, Daniel O.; Roman, Olivia C.; Sung, Victor; Smith, Jenna; Janicki, Sarah; Clouse, Ronda; Saint-Hilaire, Marie; Hohler, Anna; Turpin, Denyse; James, Raymond C.; Rodriguez, Ramon; Rizer, Kyle; Anderson, Karen E.; Heller, Hope; Carlson, Alexis; Criswell, Susan; Racette, Brad A.; Revilla, Fredy J.; Nucifora, Frederick, Jr.; Margolis, Russell L.; Ong, MaryJane; Mendis, Tilak; Mendis, Neila; Singer, Carlos; Quesada, Monica; Paulsen, Jane S.; Brashers-Krug, Thomas; Miller, Amanda; Kerr, Jane; Dubinsky, Richard M.; Gray, Carolyn; Factor, Stewart A.; Sperin, Elaine; Molho, Eric; Eglow, Mary; Evans, Sharon; Kumar, Rajeev; Reeves, Christina; Samii, Ali; Chouinard, Sylvain; Beland, Monica; Scott, Burton L.; Hickey, Patrick T.; Esmail, Sherali; Fung, Wai Lun Alan; Gibbons, Clare; Qi, Lina; Colcher, Amy; Hackmyer, Cory; McGarry, Andrew; Klos, Kevin; Gudesblatt, Mark; Fafard, Lori; Graffitti, Laura; Schneider, Daniel P.; Dhall, Rohit; Wojcieszek, Joanne M.; LaFaver, Kathrin; Duker, Andrew; Neefus, Erin; Wilson-Perez, Hilary; Shprecher, David; Wall, Paola; Blindauer, Karen A.; Wheeler, Lynn; Boyd, James T.; Houston, Emily; Farbman, Eric S.; Agarwal, Pinky; Eberly, Shirley W.; Watts, Arthur; Tariot, Pierre N.; Feigin, Andrew; Evans, Scott; Beck, Chris; Orme, Constance; Edicola, Jon; Christopher, Emily; Department of Neurology, IU School of Medicine
    Importance Deutetrabenazine is a novel molecule containing deuterium, which attenuates CYP2D6 metabolism and increases active metabolite half-lives and may therefore lead to stable systemic exposure while preserving key pharmacological activity. Objective To evaluate efficacy and safety of deutetrabenazine treatment to control chorea associated with Huntington disease. Design, Setting, and Participants Ninety ambulatory adults diagnosed with manifest Huntington disease and a baseline total maximal chorea score of 8 or higher (range, 0-28; lower score indicates less chorea) were enrolled from August 2013 to August 2014 and randomized to receive deutetrabenazine (n = 45) or placebo (n = 45) in a double-blind fashion at 34 Huntington Study Group sites. Interventions Deutetrabenazine or placebo was titrated to optimal dose level over 8 weeks and maintained for 4 weeks, followed by a 1-week washout. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary end point was the total maximal chorea score change from baseline (the average of values from the screening and day-0 visits) to maintenance therapy (the average of values from the week 9 and 12 visits) obtained by in-person visits. This study was designed to detect a 2.7-unit treatment difference in scores. The secondary end points, assessed hierarchically, were the proportion of patients who achieved treatment success on the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) and on the Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC), the change in 36-Item Short Form– physical functioning subscale score (SF-36), and the change in the Berg Balance Test. Results Ninety patients with Huntington disease (mean age, 53.7 years; 40 women [44.4%]) were enrolled. In the deutetrabenazine group, the mean total maximal chorea scores improved from 12.1 (95% CI, 11.2-12.9) to 7.7 (95% CI, 6.5-8.9), whereas in the placebo group, scores improved from 13.2 (95% CI, 12.2-14.3) to 11.3 (95% CI, 10.0-12.5); the mean between-group difference was –2.5 units (95% CI, –3.7 to –1.3) (P < .001). Treatment success, as measured by the PGIC, occurred in 23 patients (51%) in the deutetrabenazine group vs 9 (20%) in the placebo group (P = .002). As measured by the CGIC, treatment success occurred in 19 patients (42%) in the deutetrabenazine group vs 6 (13%) in the placebo group (P = .002). In the deutetrabenazine group, the mean SF-36 physical functioning subscale scores decreased from 47.5 (95% CI, 44.3-50.8) to 47.4 (44.3-50.5), whereas in the placebo group, scores decreased from 43.2 (95% CI, 40.2-46.3) to 39.9 (95% CI, 36.2-43.6), for a treatment benefit of 4.3 (95% CI, 0.4 to 8.3) (P = .03). There was no difference between groups (mean difference of 1.0 unit; 95% CI, –0.3 to 2.3; P = .14), for improvement in the Berg Balance Test, which improved by 2.2 units (95% CI, 1.3-3.1) in the deutetrabenazine group and by 1.3 units (95% CI, 0.4-2.2) in the placebo group. Adverse event rates were similar for deutetrabenazine and placebo, including depression, anxiety, and akathisia. Conclusions and Relevance Among patients with chorea associated with Huntington disease, the use of deutetrabenazine compared with placebo resulted in improved motor signs at 12 weeks. Further research is needed to assess the clinical importance of the effect size and to determine longer-term efficacy and safety.
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    Efficacy and Safety of Deep Brain Stimulation in Tourette Syndrome: The International Tourette Syndrome Deep Brain Stimulation Public Database and Registry
    (American Medical Association, 2018-03-01) Martinez-Ramirez, Daniel; Jimenez-Shahed, Joohi; Leckman, James Frederick; Porta, Mauro; Servello, Domenico; Meng, Fan-Gang; Kuhn, Jens; Huys, Daniel; Baldermann, Juan Carlos; Foltynie, Thomas; Hariz, Marwan I.; Joyce, Eileen M.; Zrinzo, Ludvic; Kefalopoulou, Zinovia; Silburn, Peter; Coyne, Terry; Mogilner, Alon Y.; Pourfar, Michael H.; Khandhar, Suketu M.; Auyeung, Man; Ostrem, Jill Louise; Visser-Vandewalle, Veerle; Welter, Marie-Laure; Mallet, Luc; Karachi, Carine; Houeto, Jean Luc; Klassen, Bryan Timothy; Ackermans, Linda; Kaido, Takanobu; Temel, Yasin; Gross, Robert E.; Walker, Harrison C.; Lozano, Andres M.; Walter, Benjamin L.; Mari, Zoltan; Anderson, William S.; Changizi, Barbara Kelly; Moro, Elena; Zauber, Sarah Elizabeth; Schrock, Lauren E.; Zhang, Jian-Guo; Hu, Wei; Rizer, Kyle; Monari, Erin H.; Foote, Kelly D.; Malaty, Irene A.; Deeb, Wissam; Gunduz, Aysegul; Okun, Michael S.; Neurology, School of Medicine
    Importance: Collective evidence has strongly suggested that deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising therapy for Tourette syndrome. Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of DBS in a multinational cohort of patients with Tourette syndrome. Design, Setting, and Participants: The prospective International Deep Brain Stimulation Database and Registry included 185 patients with medically refractory Tourette syndrome who underwent DBS implantation from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2016, at 31 institutions in 10 countries worldwide. Exposures: Patients with medically refractory symptoms received DBS implantation in the centromedian thalamic region (93 of 163 [57.1%]), the anterior globus pallidus internus (41 of 163 [25.2%]), the posterior globus pallidus internus (25 of 163 [15.3%]), and the anterior limb of the internal capsule (4 of 163 [2.5%]). Main Outcomes and Measures: Scores on the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale and adverse events. Results: The International Deep Brain Stimulation Database and Registry enrolled 185 patients (of 171 with available data, 37 females and 134 males; mean [SD] age at surgery, 29.1 [10.8] years [range, 13-58 years]). Symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder were present in 97 of 151 patients (64.2%) and 32 of 148 (21.6%) had a history of self-injurious behavior. The mean (SD) total Yale Global Tic Severity Scale score improved from 75.01 (18.36) at baseline to 41.19 (20.00) at 1 year after DBS implantation (P < .001). The mean (SD) motor tic subscore improved from 21.00 (3.72) at baseline to 12.91 (5.78) after 1 year (P < .001), and the mean (SD) phonic tic subscore improved from 16.82 (6.56) at baseline to 9.63 (6.99) at 1 year (P < .001). The overall adverse event rate was 35.4% (56 of 158 patients), with intracranial hemorrhage occurring in 2 patients (1.3%), infection in 4 patients with 5 events (3.2%), and lead explantation in 1 patient (0.6%). The most common stimulation-induced adverse effects were dysarthria (10 [6.3%]) and paresthesia (13 [8.2%]). Conclusions and Relevance: Deep brain stimulation was associated with symptomatic improvement in patients with Tourette syndrome but also with important adverse events. A publicly available website on outcomes of DBS in patients with Tourette syndrome has been provided.