Browsing by Author "Rao, Nandini"

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    The Connection Between Regenerative Features of Salamander Limbs and Mammalian Somatic Cells
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2010-04-09) Rao, Nandini; Jhamb, Deepali
    The unique regenerative feature of urodele salamander limbs is their natural ability to dissolve tissue organization and re-program somatic cells to adult stem-like cells at the site of an amputation to create a blastema that self-organizes the missing limb parts. To understand this information, we used quantitative LC/MS/MS peptide separation to analyze temporal changes in proteins after amputation of axolotl hind limbs. The information from this study will be useful in devising chemical induction strategies to reprogram mammalian somatic cells or activate resident stem cells directly at the site of injury to regenerate damaged tissues and appendages.
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    Proteomic analysis of fibroblastema formation in regenerating hind limbs of Xenopus laevis froglets and comparison to axolotl
    (Springer Nature, 2014-07-25) Rao, Nandini; Song, Fengyu; Jhamb, Deepali; Wang, Mu; Milner, Derek J.; Price, Nathaniel M.; Belecky-Adams, Teri L.; Palakal, Mathew J.; Cameron, Jo Ann; Li, Bingbing; Chen, Xiaoping; Stocum, David L.; Oral Pathology, Medicine and Radiology, School of Dentistry
    Background: To gain insight into what differences might restrict the capacity for limb regeneration in Xenopus froglets, we used High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/double mass spectrometry to characterize protein expression during fibroblastema formation in the amputated froglet hindlimb, and compared the results to those obtained previously for blastema formation in the axolotl limb. Results: Comparison of the Xenopus fibroblastema and axolotl blastema revealed several similarities and significant differences in proteomic profiles. The most significant similarity was the strong parallel down regulation of muscle proteins and enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Regenerating Xenopus limbs differed significantly from axolotl regenerating limbs in several ways: deficiency in the inositol phosphate/diacylglycerol signaling pathway, down regulation of Wnt signaling, up regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and proteins involved in chondrocyte differentiation, lack of expression of a key cell cycle protein, ecotropic viral integration site 5 (EVI5), that blocks mitosis in the axolotl, and the expression of several patterning proteins not seen in the axolotl that may dorsalize the fibroblastema. Conclusions: We have characterized global protein expression during fibroblastema formation after amputation of the Xenopus froglet hindlimb and identified several differences that lead to signaling deficiency, failure to retard mitosis, premature chondrocyte differentiation, and failure of dorsoventral axial asymmetry. These differences point to possible interventions to improve blastema formation and pattern formation in the froglet limb.