Browsing by Author "Rahmani, Maryam"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    EMF Antenna Exposure on a Multilayer Human Head Simulation for Alzheimer Disease Treatments
    (Scientific Research, 2022) Perez, Felipe P.; Rahmani, Maryam; Emberson, John; Weber, Makenzie; Morisaki, Jorge; Amran, Farhan; Bakri, Syazwani; Halim, Akmal; Dsouza, Alston; Yusuff, Nurafifi Mohd; Farhan, Amran; Maulucci, James; Rizkalla, Maher; Medicine, School of Medicine
    In this paper, we follow up with our preliminary biological studies that showed that Repeated electromagnetic field stimulation (REMFS) decreased the toxic amyloid-beta (Aβ) levels, which is considered to be the cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The REMFS parameters of these exposures were a frequency of 64 MHz and a Specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.4 to 0.9 W/Kg in primary human neuronal cultures. In this work, an electromagnetic field (EMF) model was simulated using high-frequency simulation system (HFSS/EMPro) software. Our goal was to achieve the EM parameters (EMF Frequency and SAR) required to decrease the toxic Aβ levels in our biological studies in a simulated human head. The simulations performed here will potentially lead to the successful development of an exposure system to treat Alzheimer's disease patients. A popular VFH (very high frequency) patch microstrip antenna system was considered in the study. The selection was based on simple and easy construction and appropriateness to the VHF applications. The evaluation of the SAR and temperature distribution on the various head layers, including skin, fat, dura, the cerebrospinal (CSF), and grey matter, brain tissues, were determined for efficacy SAR and safety temperature increase on a simulated human head. Based on a current pulse of 1 A peak current fed to the antenna feeder, a maximum SAR of 0.6 W/Kg was achieved. A range of 0.4 to 0.6 SAR was observed over the various layers of the simulated human head. The initial design of the antenna indicated an antenna size in the order of 1 m in length and width, suggesting a stationary practical model for AD therapy. Future direction is given for wearable antenna and exposure system, featuring high efficiency and patient comfort.
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    Integrating Electrical Machines and Antennas via Scalar and Vector Magnetic Potentials; an Approach for Enhancing Undergraduate EM Education
    (IEEE, 2018-10) Shayesteh, Seemein; Rahmani, Maryam; Christopher, Lauren; Rizkalla, Maher; Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology
    This Innovative Practice Work In Progress paper presents an approach for enhancing undergraduate Electromagnetic education.
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    Integrating Electrical Machines and Antennas via Scalar and Vector Magnetic Potentials; an Approach for Enhancing Undergraduate EM Education
    (IEEE, 2018-10) Shayesteh, Seemein; Rahmani, Maryam; Christopher, Lauren; Rizkalla, Maher; Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology
    This Innovative Practice Work In Progress paper presents an approach for enhancing undergraduate Electromagnetic education.
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    Numerical Analysis and Design of an EMF Birdcage Wearable Device for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Feasibility Study
    (Scientific Research Publishing, 2022) Perez, Felipe P.; Arvidson, David Michael; Taylor, Tyler Phoenix; Rahmani, Maryam; Rizkalla, Maher; Medicine, School of Medicine
    In this study, we performed a numerical analysis of a novel EMF Birdcage wearable device for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We designed the new device to generate and radiate a frequency of 64 MHz and a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.6 W/kg to a simulated human brain tissue. We determined these parameters from our experimental studies on primary human brain cultures at the Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM). We found that this frequency and SAR decreased the toxic Aβ levels in the cell cultures. The frequency of 64 MHZ has good skin depth penetration, which will easily pass through the various head layers, including hair, skin, fat, dura, the cerebrospinal (CSF), and grey matter, and reach deeply into the brain tissues. The SAR of 0.6 W/kg was achieved with lower power input and energy, decreasing the probability of thermal injury. Therefore, these parameters enhance the safety of these potential treatments. This Birdcage device emulates a small-scale MRI machine, producing the same 64 MHz frequency at much lower operating input power. In this work, we utilized a high-frequency simulation system (HFSS/EMPro) software to produce the birdcage structure for the required EMF parameters. The 64 MHz radiating frequency produced the scattering S11 parameter of -15 dbs. We obtained a SAR of 0.6 W/kg when an input power of 100 W was applied. The coil dimensions were found to be near 15 cm in height and 22 cm in diameter, which fits in wearable systems. We found that the distribution of the electric field and SAR radiate homogeneously over the simulated human head with good penetration into the brain, which proves to be an appropriate potential therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease.
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    Numerical Modeling and Computer Simulation of a Meander Line Antenna for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment, a Feasibility Study
    (Scientific Research Publishing, 2023) Perez, Felipe P.; Rahmani, Maryam; Morisaki, Jorge; Amran, Farhan; Bakri, Syazwani; Halim, Akmal; Dsouza, Alston; Yusuf, Nurafifi Mohd; Farhan, Amran; Maulucci, James; Rizkalla, Maher; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a brain disorder that eventually causes memory loss and the ability to perform simple cognitive functions; research efforts within pharmaceuticals and other medical treatments have minimal impact on the disease. Our preliminary biological studies showed that Repeated Electromagnetic Field Stimulation (REFMS) applying an EM frequency of 64 MHz and a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.4 – 0.9 W/kg decrease the level of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ), which is the most likely etiology of AD. This study emphasizes uniform E/H field and SAR distribution with adequate penetration depth penetration through multiple human head layers driven with low input power for safety treatments. In this work, we performed numerical modeling and computer simulations of a portable Meander Line antenna (MLA) to achieve the required EMF parameters to treat AD. The MLA device features a low cost, small size, wide bandwidth, and the ability to integrate into a portable system. This study utilized a High-Frequency Simulation System (HFSS) in the design of the MLA with the desired characteristics suited for AD treatment in humans. The team designed a 24-turn antenna with a 60 cm length and 25 cm width and achieved the required resonant frequency of 64 MHz. Here we used two numerical human head phantoms to test the antenna, the MIDA and spherical head phantom with six and seven tissue layers, respectively. The antenna was fed from a 50-Watt input source to obtain the SAR of 0.6 W/kg requirement in the center of the simulated brain tissue layer. We found that the E/H field and SAR distribution produced was not homogeneous; there were areas of high SAR values close to the antenna transmitter, also areas of low SAR value far away from the antenna. This paper details the antenna parameters, the scattering parameters response, the efficiency response, and the E and H field distribution; we presented the computer simulation results and discussed future work for a practical model.