Browsing by Author "Rabaan, Hawra"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Asymmetries in Online Job-Seeking: A Case Study of Muslim-American Women
    (ACM, 2021-10) Afnan, Tanisha; Rabaan, Hawra; Jones, Kyle M. L.; Dombrowski, Lynn; Human-Centered Computing, School of Informatics and Computing
    As job-seeking and recruiting processes transition into digital spaces, concerns about hiring discrimination in online spaces have developed. Historically, women of color, particularly those with marginalized religious identities, have more challenges in securing employment. We conducted 20 semi-structured interviews with Muslim-American women of color who had used online job platforms in the past two years to understand how they perceive digital hiring tools to be used in practice, how they navigate the US job market, and how hiring discrimination as a phenomenon is thought to relate to their intersecting social identities. Our findings allowed us to identify three major categories of asymmetries (i.e., the relationship between the computing algorithms' structures and their users' experiences): (1) process asymmetries, which is the lack of transparency in data collection processes of job applications; (2) information asymmetries, which refers to the asymmetry in data availability during online job-seeking; and (3) legacy asymmetries, which explains the cultural and historical factors impacting marginalized job applicants. We discuss design implications to support job seekers in identifying and securing positive employment outcomes.
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    Daughters of Men: Saudi Women's Sociotechnical Agency Practices in Addressing Domestic Abuse
    (Association of Computing Engineering, 2020-12) Rabaan, Hawra; Young, Alyson L.; Dombrowski, Lynn; Human-Centered Computing, School of Informatics and Computing
    While domestic abuse is an all too common experience for women worldwide, how people experience the abuse and their resources to deal with the abuse differ. In this qualitative, interview-based study, we examine Saudi women's domestic safety concerns living in Saudi Arabia and the United States. Based on non-Western Islamic feminist views of agency, we identify three key practices, focused on how women resist or deal with their domestic violence. For each practice, we highlight how interwoven cultural, religious, and political contexts impact Saudi women's ability to recognize and deal with domestic abuse. We attend to technology's role in enabling or hindering women's agency. These practices include: 1) recognizing abuse, where women identify abusive situations, 2) managing abuse, where women find ways to cope with ongoing or anticipated abuse within their constraints and resources, and 3) seeking non-abusive futures, where women decide how to mitigate the abuse or leave their abuser. Given domestic violence's complicated nature, we highlight several key design recommendations based on women's values.
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    Exploring Transformative Justice Principles to Inform Survivor-Centered Design for Muslim Women in the United States
    (Association for Computing Machinery, 2021) Rabaan, Hawra; Human-Centered Computing, School of Informatics and Computing
    Domestic violence (DV) is a social, political, and legal problem and requires contextual examination. In the U.S., earlier advocacy work focused on law reform to empower survivors in influencing the public and state in taking DV seriously and providing resources to support and protect survivors. However, harm is still perpetuated systemically and socially for survivors, especially from religious and racial minorities. In my dissertation work, I focus on DV within the Muslim population in the U.S. due to the unique issues Muslim survivors face when dealing with governmental services and service providers (e.g., gendered Islamophobia, racial discrimination, punitive actions) and within the Muslim community itself (e.g., community trauma, untrained faith leaders in dealing with abuse). I argue that in order to validate the Muslim survivor’s experience, provide competent resources and information, and allow for informed decision making, a transformative justice (TJ) approach supported by Islamic feminism and trauma-informed healing concepts must be integrated into design, to provide a multidimensional approach to tackling DV within the Muslim community. I will conceptually explore the strengths and weaknesses of using a TJ model through using design as a mode of social inquiry to elicit and understand the social phenomena of DV and TJ within sociotechnical interventions.
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    Studying the Impression of Saudi People towards Current Social Changes
    (ACM, 2018-11) Rabaan, Hawra; Chkraborty, Sunandan; Young, Alyson L.; BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing
    In this work-in-progress paper, we examine how the campaign to end the guardianship law in Saudi Arabia is being discussed and debated on social media. Through a content analysis of tweets, we first identify those with either a positive or negative sentiment towards ending the law and then we identify topical themes across these sentiment categories. We found polarizing responses with individuals either calling for the end of the law or those opposing its end on religious or moral grounds. This analysis provides a basis for building a model to automatically code tweets to increase the accuracy of Arabic text prediction. This will allow us to answer new questions about the dataset and inform the design of ICTs
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    Survivor-Centered Transformative Justice: An Approach to Designing Sociotechnical Systems Alongside Domestic Violence Stakeholders in US Muslim Communities
    (2023-08) Rabaan, Hawra; Dombrowski, Lynn; Bolchini, Davide; Brady, Erin; Khaja, Khadija; Schoenebeck, Sarita
    Domestic violence (DV) is a social, political, and legal problem that requires contextual examination. In the United States, earlier advocacy work focused on law reform to empower survivors in influencing the public and state to take DV seriously and provide resources to support and protect survivors. However, harm is still perpetuated systemically and socially for survivors, especially those from racial and religious minorities. In this dissertation, I focus on domestic violence within the US-based Muslim population due to the unique issues Muslim survivors face when dealing with governmental services and service providers (e.g., gendered Islamophobia, racial discrimination, punitive actions) and within the Muslim community itself (e.g., community trauma, faith leaders lacking appropriate training). This work incorporates three phases of research that utilize qualitative and design methods to examine the forms and dynamics of domestic violence, help-seeking and healing challenges, and survivor advocacy, abuser accountability, and community transformation interventions. I argue that to pursue justice for survivors in design research, a multifaceted approach rooted in principles from Islamic feminism, traumainformed care, and restorative and transformative justice tenets is needed. Consequently, I propose Survivor-Centered Transformative Justice (SCTJ), a framework to discern individual and systemic harm, to understand how to design alongside victim-survivors, and to focus on victim-survivors' autonomy. I illustrate how SCTJ allows researchers and designers to account for individual inequalities, recognize communities' preferred approaches to pursuing justice, tackle the underlying conditions enabling harm, and provide interventions that alter, repair, and reduce harm within different scales of relationships. Additionally, I present the concept of healing structures, which aim to safeguard against harmful community practices, discriminatory laws, and practices while facilitating collective and survivor-centered interventions to promote healing. Lastly, I demonstrate the potential for design research to progress by taking a closer look into the belief systems, cultural values, and surrounding conditions that contribute to users' obtainable choices and decision-making processes, and by centering the needs of people at the margins. With this empirical, theoretical, and design work, I present insights that inform the HCI community at the intersection of social justiceoriented design, Islamic feminism, and gender-based violence.