Browsing by Author "Powell, Samantha M."

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    A proteomic meta-analysis refinement of plasma extracellular vesicles
    (Springer Nature, 2023-11-28) Vallejo, Milene C.; Sarkar, Soumyadeep; Elliott, Emily C.; Henry, Hayden R.; Powell, Samantha M.; Diaz Ludovico, Ivo; You, Youngki; Huang, Fei; Payne, Samuel H.; Ramanadham, Sasanka; Sims, Emily K.; Metz, Thomas O.; Mirmira, Raghavendra G.; Nakayasu, Ernesto S.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Extracellular vesicles play major roles in cell-to-cell communication and are excellent biomarker candidates. However, studying plasma extracellular vesicles is challenging due to contaminants. Here, we performed a proteomics meta-analysis of public data to refine the plasma EV composition by separating EV proteins and contaminants into different clusters. We obtained two clusters with a total of 1717 proteins that were depleted of known contaminants and enriched in EV markers with independently validated 71% true-positive. These clusters had 133 clusters of differentiation (CD) antigens and were enriched with proteins from cell-to-cell communication and signaling. We compared our data with the proteins deposited in PeptideAtlas, making our refined EV protein list a resource for mechanistic and biomarker studies. As a use case example for this resource, we validated the type 1 diabetes biomarker proplatelet basic protein in EVs and showed that it regulates apoptosis of β cells and macrophages, two key players in the disease development. Our approach provides a refinement of the EV composition and a resource for the scientific community.