Browsing by Author "Onishi, Tamaki"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Country Report 2018: Japan
    (2018) Yoshioka, Takayuki; Onishi, Tamaki
    In Japan, freedom of assembly, association, and expression are guaranteed under the Constitution, and there are many laws under which individuals can incorporate nonprofit organizations. The primary law for private foundations and associations is the 2008 Act on General Nonprofit Incorporated Associations and General Incorporated Foundations (⼀般社団法⼈及び⼀般財団法⼈ に関する法律). As guaranteed by this law, General Nonprofit Corporations (GNCs), which consist of General Nonprofit Incorporated Associations and Foundations, can be easily established without approval from the government and registered with a registry office. The cost is roughly 120,000 JPY (about US $1,050). As of November 2017, there are approximately 47,000 GNC Associations and 7,000 GNC Foundations (National Tax Agency figures).
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    Institutional influence on the manifestation of entrepreneurial orientation: A case of social investment funders
    (2014-07-11) Onishi, Tamaki; Bielefeld, Wolfgang; Burlingame, Dwight; Covin, Jeffrey G. (Jeffrey Glenn); Near, Janet P.
    Linking the new institutionalism to entrepreneurial orientation (EO), my dissertation investigates institutional forces and entrepreneurial forces—two contradicting types of forces—as main effects and moderating effects upon practices and performance of organizations embedded in the institutional duality. The case chosen observes unique hybrid funders that this study collectively calls social investment funders (SIF), which integrate philanthropy and venture capital investment to create and implement a venture philanthropy model for a pursuit of their mission. A theoretical framework is developed to propose regulative and normative pressures from two dominant institutions governing SIFs. Original data collected from 146 organizations are scrutinized by moderated multiple regressions for two empirical studies: Study 1 for effects on SIFs’ venture philanthropy practices, and Study 2 for effects on SIFs’ social and financial performance. Multiple imputations, diagnostic analyses, and several post hoc analyses are also conducted for robustness of data and results from multiple regression analyses. Results from these analyses find that EO and venture capital institutional forces both enhance SIFs’ venture philanthropy practices. A hypothesis postulated for a negative relationship between the nonprofit status and venture philanthropy practices is also supported. Results from moderated regression analyses, along with a subgroup and EO subdimension analyses, confirm a moderating effect between EO and the nonprofit status, i.e., a regulative institutional pressure. A positive relationship is found in EO- financial performance, but not in EO-social performance. While support is lent to hypotheses posited for a social/financial performance relationship with donors’/investors’ demand for social outcomes, and with the management team’s training in business, the overall results remain mixed for Study 2. Nonetheless, this dissertation appears to be the first study to theorize and test EO as a micro-level condition enabling organizations to strategically shape and resist institutional pressures, and it reinforces that organizations’ behavior is not merely a product of their passive conformity to environmental forces, but of the agency, also. As such, this study aims to contribute to scholarly efforts by the “agency camp” of the new institutionalism and EO, answering a call from the leading scholars of both EO (Miller) and the new institutionalism (Oliver).
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    The Future of Philanthropy: Technology Integration for the Public Good
    (2024-03) Miyakozawa, Arisa; Herzog, Patricia Snell; Badertscher, Katherine; Onishi, Tamaki
    The purpose of the study is to understand the influence of technological changes on philanthropic community partners. The scholarly literature on the use of technology by philanthropic organizations is limited. The first objective is to understand the impact of technological innovation on philanthropic organizations as community partners. The second objective is to consider the future work in the philanthropic sector. To achieve these objectives, this research adopted qualitative research methods: informational interviews were conducted with representatives of philanthropic organizations that are integrating technology. Additionally, analysis incorporated organizational profiles, missions, and information about the issues these organizations seek to address. These interviews informed case studies that show five themes. The five key themes for the future of philanthropy are: the role of technology, the irreplaceable human touch, the importance of community, accessibility to data and software, and the promotion of transparency. Finally, based on these themes four recommendations are given for future workers - students and job seekers - looking for opportunities in the philanthropic sector. The contribution of this thesis is providing initial insights on the use of technology by philanthropic organizations, how they envision the future, and what the implications are for emerging philanthropy practitioners.