Browsing by Author "Ogan, Kenneth"

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    Creatinine to Cystatin-C Ratio in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Clinically Pragmatic Prognostic Factor and Sarcopenia Biomarker
    (Oxford University Press, 2023) Schmeusser, Benjamin N.; Biermann, Henry; Nicaise, Edouard H.; Ali, Adil A.; Patil, Dattatraya H.; Midenberg, Eric; Helman, Talia; Armas-Phan, Manuel; Nabavizadeh, Reza; Joshi, Shreyas S.; Narayan, Vikram M.; Bilen, Mehmet A.; Psutka, Sarah P.; Ogan, Kenneth; Master, Viraj A.; Urology, School of Medicine
    Introduction: Low creatinine to cystatin-C ratio (Cr/Cys-C) may be a biomarker for low-muscle mass. Furthermore, low Cr/Cys-C is associated with decreased overall survival (OS), but to date, has not been examined in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Our objective is to evaluate associations between low Cr/Cys-C ratio and OS and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with RCC treated with nephrectomy. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients with RCC treated with nephrectomy. Patients with end-stage renal disease and less than 1-year follow up were excluded. Cr/Cys-C was dichotomized at the median for the cohort (low vs. high). OS and RFS for patients with high versus low Cr/Cys-C were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method, and associations with the outcomes of interest were modeled using Cox proportional Hazards models. Associations between Cr/Cys-C and skeletal muscle mass were assessed with correlations and logistic regression. Results: A total of 255 patients were analyzed, with a median age of 64. Median (IQR) Cr/Cys-C was 1 (0.8-1.2). Low Cr/Cys-C was associated with age, female sex, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status ≥1, TNM stage, and tumor size. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis demonstrated an association between low Cr/Cys-C and decreased OS (HR = 2.97, 95%CI, 1.12-7.90, P =0.029) and RFS (HR = 3.31, 95%CI, 1.26-8.66, P = .015). Furthermore, a low Cr/Cys-C indicated a 2-3 increase in risk of radiographic sarcopenia. Conclusions: Lower Cr/Cys-C is associated with inferior oncologic outcomes in RCC and, pending validation, may have utility as a serum biomarker for the presence of sarcopenia in patients with RCC treated with nephrectomy.
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    Differences in preoperative frailty assessment of surgical candidates by sex, age, and race
    (Elsevier, 2024-05-11) Nicaise, Edouard H.; Palmateer, Gregory; Schmeusser, Benjamin N.; Futral, Cameron; Liu, Yuan; Goyal, Subir; Nabavizadeh, Reza; Kooby, David A.; Maithel, Shishir K.; Sweeney, John F.; Sarmiento, Juan M.; Ogan, Kenneth; Master, Viraj A.; Urology, School of Medicine
    Introduction: Surgical decision-making often relies on a surgeon's subjective assessment of a patient's frailty status to undergo surgery. Certain patient demographics can influence subjective judgment when compared to validated objective assessments. In this study, we explore the relationship between subjective and objective frailty assessments according to patient age, sex, and race. Methods: Patients were prospectively enrolled in urology, general surgery, and surgical oncology clinics. Using a visual analog scale (0-100), operating surgeons independently rated the patient's frailty status. Objective frailty was classified using the Fried Frailty Criteria ranging from 0 to 5. Multivariable proportional odds models were conducted to examine the potential association of factors with objective frailty, according to surgeon frailty rating. Subgroup analysis according to patient sex, race, and age was also performed. Results: Seven male surgeons assessed 203 patients preoperatively with a median age of 65. A majority of patients were male (61 %), white (67 %), and 60 % and 40 % underwent urologic and general surgery/surgical oncology procedures respectively. Increased subjective surgeon rating (OR 1.69; p < 0.001) was significantly associated with the presence of objective frailty. On subgroup analysis, a higher magnitude of such association was observed more in females (OR 1.86; p = 0.0007), non-white (OR 1.84; p = 0.0019), and older (>60, OR 1.75; p = 0.0001) patients, compared to male (OR 1.45; p = 0.0243), non-white (OR 1.48; p = 0.0109) and patients under 60 (OR 1.47; p = 0.0823). Conclusion: The surgeon's subjective assessment of frailty demonstrated tendencies to rate older, female, and non-white patients as frail; however, differences in patient sex, age, and race were not statistically significant.
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    Paraneoplastic Resolution Holds Prognostic Utility in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
    (MDPI, 2024-10-30) Palmateer, Gregory; Nicaise, Edouard H.; Goodstein, Taylor; Schmeusser, Benjamin N.; Patil, Dattatraya; Imtiaz, Nahar; Shapiro, Daniel D.; Abel, Edwin J.; Joshi, Shreyas; Narayan, Vikram; Ogan, Kenneth; Master, Viraj A.; Urology, School of Medicine
    Background/Objectives: The presence of paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is associated with worse survival; however, little is known about whether resolution of PNS after intervention has any prognostic value. We sought to determine if resolution of PNS by one year after cytoreductive nephrectomy was significantly associated with improved overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a prospectively maintained nephrectomy database for patients with any histology metastatic RCC (mRCC) who underwent nephrectomy between 2000 and 2022. Patients with the necessary laboratory studies available within 90 days before and by one year after surgery were included for study. PNS resolution was defined as an abnormal value compared to established laboratory cutoffs by one year after surgery. Multiple PNS in one patient was allowed, and resolution of each PNS was measured separately. OS and CSS were assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: A total of 253 patients met inclusion criteria. A total of 177 patients (70.0%) met criteria for at least one PNS resolution by one year. Five-year OS and CSS rates were 15.7% and 36.2% for no PNS resolved, 24.5% and 31.6% for 1 PNS resolved, and 43.0% and 58.2% for ≥2 PNS resolved, respectively (p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, no PNS resolution was associated with worse OS (HR 2.75, p < 0.001) and CSS (HR 2.62, p < 0.001) compared to ≥2 PNS resolved. Conclusions: Resolution of preoperative PNS abnormalities by one year following surgery is associated with improved OS and CSS in patients with mRCC.