Browsing by Author "O’Neil, Joseph"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Central precocious puberty in spina bifida children: Guidelines for the care of people with spina bifida
    (IOS Press, 2020) Almutlaq, Nourah; O’Neil, Joseph; Fuqua, John S.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Children with spina bifida are at greater risk of developing central precocious puberty (CPP) compared to others. Therefore, early recognition and timely referral for further evaluation by a pediatric endocrinologist allows appropriate management that reduces the impact of CPP. This article discusses the diagnosis and management of CPP in children with spina bifida. This guideline was developed for SB Transition Healthcare Guidelines from the 2018 Spina Bifida Association's Fourth Edition of the Guidelines for the Care of People with Spina Bifida.
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    Parent/caregiver’s role in nutrition, physical activity, and food access among children diagnosed with spina bifida
    (IOS Press, 2023) Whelan, JoAnne L.; Armstrong, Cheryl L. H.; Schroyer, Rebecca; O’Neil, Joseph; Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health and Human Sciences
    Purpose: This pilot study aimed to determine the parent/caregiver's role in nutrition/eating habits, physical activity behaviors, and food access among children diagnosed with spina bifida (SB). Methods: Parents/caregivers of children with SB were asked to participate at a single, outpatient SB clinic. Demographic, biomedical data, parent/caregiver nutrition knowledge, family nutrition and physical activity (FNPA), and food security survey scores were compared. Descriptive, regression, and correlational statistics were conducted for analysis via SPSS 29. Results: Of the 117 parents/caregivers surveyed, completed data suggested most were overweight/obese (average body mass index [BMI] of 30.63 kg/m2±8.40; n = 99) with an average nutrition knowledge score of 71% (17.83±3.33). As FNPA scores decreased, the patient/child's maximum BMI z scores increased (β= -0.043; confidence interval -0.079, -0.007; p = 0.020), suggesting the less active and/or less healthy eating habits, the higher body mass was noted for the child. Forty four percent of children (n = 99) were in the overweight/obese weight range based on maximum BMI z score. Conclusion: These findings suggest there is a need for parental/caregiver nutrition education to assist children with SB with meal and activity planning to achieve optimal health.
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    Robin sequence: what the multidisciplinary approach can do
    (Dovepress, 2017-03-27) Cohen, Stephanie M; Greathouse, S. Travis; Rabbani, Cyrus C.; O’Neil, Joseph; Kardatzke, Matthew A.; Hall, Tasha E.; Bennett, William E.; Daftary, Ameet S.; Matt, Bruce H.; Tholpady, Sunil S.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Robin sequence (RS) is a commonly encountered triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and airway obstruction, with or without a cleft palate. The management of airway obstruction is of paramount importance, and multiple reviews and retrospective series outline the diagnosis and treatment of RS. This article focuses on the multidisciplinary nature of RS and the specialists’ contributions and thought processes regarding the management of the RS child from birth to skeletal maturity. This review demonstrates that the care of these children extends far beyond the acute airway obstruction and that thorough monitoring and appropriate intervention are required to help them achieve optimal outcomes.
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    Skin Sympathetic Nerve Activity as a Biomarker of Fitness
    (Elsevier, 2021) Liu, Xiao; Kumar, Awaneesh; O’Neil, Joseph; Wong, Johnson; Saadoon, Osama; Kadire, Siri; Mitscher, Gloria A.; Li, Xiaochun; Chen, Peng-Sheng; Emery, Michael S.; Everett, Thomas H., IV; Biostatistics, School of Public Health
    Background: Exercise stress testing is frequently used to expose cardiac arrhythmias. Aerobic exercise conditioning has been used as a nonpharmacologic antiarrhythmic intervention. Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that noninvasively recorded skin sympathetic nerve activity (SKNA) is increased during exercise and that SKNA response varies according to fitness levels. Methods: Oxygen consumption (VO2) and SKNA were recorded in 39 patients undergoing an incremental exercise test. Patients were grouped by 5 levels of fitness based on age, sex, and VO2max. Results: With exercise, all patients had a significant increase in average SKNA (aSKNA) (1.58 ± 1.12 μV to 4.50 ± 3.06 μV, P = .000) and heart rate (HR) (87.40 ± 20.42 bpm to 154.13 ± 16.82 bpm, P = .000). A mixed linear model of aSKNA was used with fixed effects of fitness, exercise time, and recovery time, and random effects of subject level intercept and slopes for exercise time and recovery times. The poor fitness group had significantly higher aSKNA than the other groups (P = .0273). For all subjects studied, aSKNA increased by 5% per minute with progression of exercise and decreased by 15% per minute with progression of recovery. The fitness variable encodes information on both comorbidities and body mass index (BMI). Once fitness level is known, comorbidities and BMI are not significantly associated with aSKNA. In all groups, aSKNA positively correlated with HR (R2 = 0.47 ± 0.23) and VO2 (R2 = 0.68 ± 0.25). Conclusion: Fitness level determines the magnitude and time course of SKNA increase during exercise. SKNA may be a useful fitness biomarker in exercise stress testing.