Browsing by Author "O'Neil, Joseph"

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    Causes of death among people with myelomeningocele: A multi-institutional 47-year retrospective study
    (IOS Press, 2023) Szymanski, Konrad M.; Adams, Cyrus M.; Alkawaldeh, Mohammad Y.; Austin, Paul F.; Bowman, Robin M.; Castillo, Heidi; Castillo, Jonathan; Chu, David I.; Estrada, Carlos R.; Fascelli, Michele; Frimberger, Dominic C.; Gargollo, Patricio C.; Hamdan, Dawud G.; Hecht, Sarah L.; Hopson, Betsy; Husmann, Douglas A.; Jacobs, Micah A.; MacNeily, Andrew E.; McLeod, Daryl J.; Metcalfe, Peter D.; Meyer, Theresa; Misseri, Rosalia; O'Neil, Joseph; Rensing, Adam J.; Routh, Jonathan C.; Rove, Kyle O.; Sawin, Kathleen J.; Schlomer, Bruce J.; Shamblin, Isaac; Sherlock, Rebecca L.; Slobodov, Gennady; Stout, Jennifer; Tanaka, Stacy T.; Weiss, Dana A.; Wiener, John S.; Wood, Hadley M.; Yerkes, Elizabeth B.; Blount, Jeffrey; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Purpose: This study aimed to analyze organ system-based causes and non-organ system-based mechanisms of death (COD, MOD) in people with myelomeningocele (MMC), comparing urological to other COD. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of 16 institutions in Canada/United States of non-random convenience sample of people with MMC (born > = 1972) using non-parametric statistics. Results: Of 293 deaths (89% shunted hydrocephalus), 12% occurred in infancy, 35% in childhood, and 53% in adulthood (documented COD: 74%). For 261 shunted individuals, leading COD were neurological (21%) and pulmonary (17%), and leading MOD were infections (34%, including shunt infections: 4%) and non-infectious shunt malfunctions (14%). For 32 unshunted individuals, leading COD were pulmonary (34%) and cardiovascular (13%), and leading MOD were infections (38%) and non-infectious pulmonary (16%). COD and MOD varied by shunt status and age (p < = 0.04), not ambulation or birthyear (p > = 0.16). Urology-related deaths (urosepsis, renal failure, hematuria, bladder perforation/cancer: 10%) were more likely in females (p = 0.01), independent of age, shunt, or ambulatory status (p > = 0.40). COD/MOD were independent of bladder augmentation (p = >0.11). Unexplained deaths while asleep (4%) were independent of age, shunt status, and epilepsy (p >= 0.47). Conclusion: COD varied by shunt status. Leading MOD were infectious. Urology-related deaths (10%) were independent of shunt status; 26% of COD were unknown. Life-long multidisciplinary care and accurate mortality documentation are needed.
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    Parent/caregiver’s role in nutrition, physical activity, and food access among children diagnosed with spina bifida
    (IOS, 2023) Whelan, JoAnne L.; Armstrong, Cheryl L. H.; Schroyer, Rebecca; O'Neil, Joseph; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    PURPOSE: This pilot study aimed to determine the parent/caregiver’s role in nutrition/eating habits, physical activity behaviors, and food access among children diagnosed with spina bifida (SB). METHODS: Parents/caregivers of children with SB were asked to participate at a single, outpatient SB clinic. Demographic, biomedical data, parent/caregiver nutrition knowledge, family nutrition and physical activity (FNPA), and food security survey scores were compared. Descriptive, regression, and correlational statistics were conducted for analysis via SPSS 29. RESULTS: Of the 117 parents/caregivers surveyed, completed data suggested most were overweight/obese (average body mass index [BMI] of 30.63 kg/m2±8.40; n = 99) with an average nutrition knowledge score of 71% (17.83±3.33). As FNPA scores decreased, the patient/child’s maximum BMI z scores increased (β= –0.043; confidence interval –0.079, –0.007; p = 0.020), suggesting the less active and/or less healthy eating habits, the higher body mass was noted for the child. Forty four percent of children (n = 99) were in the overweight/obese weight range based on maximum BMI z score. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest there is a need for parental/caregiver nutrition education to assist children with SB with meal and activity planning to achieve optimal health.
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    Short stature and the effect of human growth hormone: Guidelines for the care of people with spina bifida
    (IOS Press, 2020) O'Neil, Joseph; Fuqua, John S.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    It is estimated that a significant percentage of individuals with spina bifida (SB) are shorter than their age-matched typical peers. Parents of children with spina bifida may ask if human growth hormone is appropriate for their child. This article discusses short stature and the use of human growth hormone among children with SB. This guideline was developed for SB Healthcare Guidelines from the 2018 Spina Bifida Association's Fourth Edition of the Guidelines for the Care of People with Spina Bifida.
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    Trends in Depressed Mood and Suicidal Behaviors Among Female High School Students Who Engaged in Physical Fighting
    (Sage, 2019) Ford, Janet H.; Zollinger, Terrell W.; Zhang, Jianjun; O'Neil, Joseph; Nelson, David R.; Steele, Gregory K.; Epidemiology, School of Public Health
    The objective of this article is to identify prevalence changes in depressed mood/suicidal behaviors among female high school students reporting physical fighting. This research analyzed the national combined data set of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance (YRBS) cross-sectional surveys from 2001 to 2015. Logistic regression analyzed the time trends. Two multiple logistic regression models were built. A quadratic trend was present with an initial decrease followed by an increase 2009 to 2015 (p < .001). The odds and severity of depressed mood/suicidal behaviors were greater among female youths with four or more fights and for other violent events, which were even greater when accounting for electronic bullying. The odds of depressed mood/suicidal behaviors among female adolescents engaged in physical fighting has been increasing with electronic bullying contributing to polyvictimization.