Browsing by Author "Nguyen, Chi Mai"

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    Aberrant cholesterol metabolism in colorectal cancer represents a targetable vulnerability
    (Elsevier, 2023-07) Xie, Jingwu; Nguyen, Chi Mai; Turk, Anita; Nan, Hongmei; Imperiale, Thomas F.; House, Michael; Huang, Kun; Su, Jing; Biostatistics, School of Public Health
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    Effects of Qigong Exercise on Physical and Psychological Health among African Americans
    (Sage, 2021-06) Chang, Pei-Shiun; Lu, Yvonne; Nguyen, Chi Mai; Suh, Youngnok; Luciani, Mary; Ofner, Susan; Powell, Savannah; School of Nursing
    Interventions are needed to address physical and psychological health in middle-aged and older African Americans (AAs). The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and potential benefits of an eight-week Qigong exercise on physical ability and function, balance, frailty, depression and anxiety, and spiritual well-being in AAs using a single-group design. Fifteen AAs with a mean age of 64 years received Qigong exercise over 16 semi-weekly, one-hour sessions. The majority were female (93.3%) and college-level educated (53.3%). Repeat chair stands, physical function, and spiritual well-being improved significantly (p < .05) with effect sizes ranging from .45 to .87. Over 52% of participants showed improved depression scores, fast gait speed, and standing balance. Nearly 42% demonstrated some frailty improvement over baseline. No adverse events were reported. Qigong exercise potentially improves the physical ability and function, and spiritual well-being of AAs and needs further testing in a randomized clinical trial.
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    Health disparities in the risk of severe acidosis: real-world evidence from the All of Us cohort
    (American Medical Informatics Association, 2024) Gatz, Allison E.; Xiong, Chenxi; Chen, Yao; Jiang, Shihui; Nguyen, Chi Mai; Song, Qianqian; Li, Xiaochun; Zhang, Pengyue; Eadon, Michael T.; Su, Jing; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Objective: To assess the health disparities across social determinants of health (SDoH) domains for the risk of severe acidosis independent of demographical and clinical factors. Materials and methods: A retrospective case-control study (n = 13 310, 1:4 matching) is performed using electronic health records (EHRs), SDoH surveys, and genomics data from the All of Us participants. The propensity score matching controls confounding effects due to EHR data availability. Conditional logistic regressions are used to estimate odds ratios describing associations between SDoHs and the risk of acidosis events, adjusted for demographic features, and clinical conditions. Results: Those with employer-provided insurance and those with Medicaid plans show dramatically different risks [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 0.761 vs 1.41]. Low-income groups demonstrate higher risk (household income less than $25k, AOR: 1.3-1.57) than high-income groups ($100-$200k, AOR: 0.597-0.867). Other high-risk factors include impaired mobility (AOR: 1.32), unemployment (AOR: 1.32), renters (AOR: 1.41), other non-house-owners (AOR: 1.7), and house instability (AOR: 1.25). Education was negatively associated with acidosis risk. Discussion: Our work provides real-world evidence of the comprehensive health disparities due to socioeconomic and behavioral contributors in a cohort enriched in minority groups or underrepresented populations. Conclusions: SDoHs are strongly associated with systematic health disparities in the risk of severe metabolic acidosis. Types of health insurance, household income levels, housing status and stability, employment status, educational level, and mobility disability play significant roles after being adjusted for demographic features and clinical conditions. Comprehensive solutions are needed to improve equity in healthcare and reduce the risk of severe acidosis.
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    Short-term costs of alcohol-associated hepatitis care in different clinical settings
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2025-01-29) Nguyen, Chi Mai; Su, Jing; Li, Yang; Healey, Ryan; Jiang, Shihui; Li, Jiangqiong; Chalasani, Naga; Gawrieh, Samer; Liangpunsakul, Suthat; Tu, Wanzhu; Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health
    Background: Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) leads to high rates of mortality and health care costs. Understanding the immediate costs after an AH diagnosis and identifying key cost factors is crucial for health care policies and clinical decisions. Objectives: This study quantifies medical costs within 30 days of an AH diagnosis across outpatient (OP), emergency department (ED), and inpatient (IP) settings. It also explores concurrent diagnoses and their effects on care costs. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using deidentified data from Optum's Clinformatics Data Mart. The cohort included individuals aged 21 years and older diagnosed with AH from January 1, 2016, to September 30, 2023. Patients were categorized by care setting (OP, ED, or IP). Costs were calculated for the 30 days before and after AH diagnosis and adjusted to 2023-dollar values. Comorbidities were identified using Elixhauser comorbidity software, and multivariable linear regression models were used to analyze medical costs. Results: The cohort included 34,974 individuals diagnosed with AH: 8048 in OP (23%), 2736 in ED (7.8%), and 24,190 in IP (69.2%). Average spending in the 30 days prior to AH diagnosis was $7334 for OP, $5740 for ED, and $14,458 for IP. Following AH diagnosis, average costs rose to $8345 for OP, $20,990 for ED, and $88,655 for IP, reflecting increases of 14%, 266%, and 413%, respectively. Significant cost drivers in IP included comorbidities associated with moderate-to-severe liver disease, metabolic syndrome, liver transplant, and mortality during the 30-day follow-up period. Conclusions: Immediate costs following an AH diagnosis are substantial, particularly for IP care. Costs increase significantly with high-cost comorbidity clusters and among patients who die, underscoring the need for effective management of comorbidities in AH care.