Browsing by Author "Mbabazi, Phoebe"

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    Prevalence and Correlates of Frailty Among Older People With and Without HIV in Rural Uganda
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2024) Mbabazi, Phoebe; Chen, Geoffrey; Ritchie, Christine S.; Tsai, Alexander C.; Reynolds, Zahra; Paul, Robert; Seeley, Janet; Tong, Yao; Hoeppner, Susanne; Okello, Samson; Nakasujja, Noeline; Olivieri-Mui, Brianne; Tanner, Jeremy A.; Saylor, Deanna; Asiimwe, Stephen; Siedner, Mark J.; Greene, Meredith; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: The relationship between HIV and frailty, a predictor of poor outcomes in the face of stressors, remains unknown in older people in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: We analyzed data from the Quality of Life and Ageing with HIV in Rural Uganda cohort study to estimate the prevalence and correlates of frailty among older people with HIV (PWH) on long-term antiretroviral therapy and among age- and sex-matched HIV-uninfected comparators. Frailty was defined as a self-report of 3 or 4 (and pre-frailty as 1 or 2) of the following phenotypic variables: weight loss, exhaustion, low activity, and slowness. We estimated the prevalence of frailty and prefrailty and fitted logistic regression models to estimate the association between HIV and frailty, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, depression, and other comorbidities. Results: We enrolled 599 participants (49% women) with a mean age of 58 years. PWH had a similar prevalence of frailty (8.1% vs. 10.9%, P = 0.24) but a lower prevalence of prefrailty (54.2% vs. 63.2%, P = 0.03) compared with their HIV-uninfected comparators. In multivariable regression models, people with depression [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 7.52 (95% CI: 3.67 to 15.40), P < 0.001] and those with ≥1 comorbidities [AOR 3.15 (95% CI: 1.71 to 3.82), P < 0.001] were more likely to be frail. HIV serostatus was not significantly associated with frailty [AOR 0.71 (95% CI: 0.37 to 1.34), P = 0.29]. Conclusions: Older PWH had a similar prevalence of frailty as those without HIV. These findings call for additional study of the factors that contribute to the robustness of older PWH in sub-Saharan Africa.
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    Sex Differences in the Prevalence of Geriatric Syndromes Among Older People Living with HIV Attending an Urban Outpatient Clinic in Kampala, Uganda
    (Dove Press, 2024-11-26) Mbabazi, Phoebe; Banturaki, Grace; Naikoba, Suzan; Nasuuna, Esther M.; Manabe, Yukari C.; Greene, Meredith; Castelnuovo, Barbara; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: Older people living with HIV (PLHIV) are at high risk of developing geriatric syndromes. Data on geriatric syndromes among older PLHIV in sub-Saharan Africa are scarce. We examined sex differences in the prevalence and correlates of geriatric syndromes among PLHIV aged ≥60 years on antiretroviral therapy in Kampala, Uganda. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data obtained during the enrollment of older PLHIV into a prospective observational cohort in Kampala. We used the Poisson regression model to explore the association between the number of geriatric syndromes and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), sociodemographic factors, and HIV-related factors. Results: We included 500 participants (48.8% women) with a median age of 64 years (interquartile range, IQR: 62.68). Almost all (94.4%) participants had at least one geriatric syndrome. More women were frail (13.1% vs 5.1%, P-value = 0.01) and had lower physical performance measured using the Short Physical Performance Battery (43.3% vs 26.6%, P-value < 0.01). Similarly, more women had cognitive impairment (83.2% vs 62.9%, P-value < 0.01) and reported falling (48.8% vs 34.0%, P-value < 0.01). Women (adjusted mean ratio, AMR 1.17, 95% CI 1.05-1.30, P-value < 0.01), older age (AMR 1.11, 95% CI 1.07-1.16, P-value < 0.01), no formal education (AMR 1.39, 95% CI 1.06-1.82, P-value = 0.01), underweight (AMR 1.49, 95% CI 1.26-1.76, P-value < 0.01), World Health Organization (WHO) stage 3 or 4 (AMR 1.11, 95% CI 0.01-1.22, P-value = 0.04) and having two or more NCDs (AMR 1.11, 95% CI 1.00-1.23, P-value = 0.04) were associated with a higher number of geriatric syndromes. Conclusion: The prevalence of geriatric syndromes was high among older PLHIV and was more common in women. There is a need to incorporate the screening and management of geriatric syndromes into the care of older PLHIV in sub-Saharan Africa, with a particular focus on women.