Browsing by Author "Leventhal, Adam M."

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    Differential typologies of current substance use among Black and White high-school adolescents: A latent class analysis
    (Elsevier, 2020-07) Banks, Devin E.; Bello, Mariel S.; Crichlow, Queenisha; Leventhal, Adam M.; Barnes-Najor, Jessica; Zapolski, Tamika C.B.; Psychology, School of Science
    Black and White adolescents demonstrate different prototypical profiles (i.e., typologies) of substance use, with Blacks demonstrating lower risk for concurrent use of two or more substances. Despite knowledge of these differences, typologies of adolescent substance use identified by person-centered methods, such as latent class analysis, have not characterized profiles by racial group. The current study examined typologies of substance use among Black and White youth separately using person-centered methods to identify common patterns of substance use among subjects. Data were drawn from a 5-year parent study examining adolescent health outcomes. The current study examined high-school aged White (n = 7271, 45.4% male) and Black youth (n = 1301, 40.1% male) who reported past-30-day frequency of cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, inhalant, and other drug use. Latent class analysis was used to examine substance use typologies among each group adjusting for grade and sex. Black and White youth demonstrated different typologies such that four typologies emerged among Blacks: Non-Use (87.8%), Alcohol and Marijuana Use (6.3%), Alcohol, Marijuana, and Cigarette Use (3.8%), and Frequent Polysubstance Use (2.0%). Conversely, five typologies emerged among Whites: Non-Use (73.4%), Predominant Alcohol Use (13.9%), Alcohol, Marijuana, and Cigarette Use (9.4%), Moderate Polysubstance Use (1.6%), and Frequent Polysubstance Use (1.7%). Findings suggest that Black and White youth engage in similar rates of concurrent substance use. Given that Black youth face greater risk for adverse consequences from substance use, prevention efforts are needed to prevent related health disparities related to concurrent substance use.
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    Intersection of Minority Health, Health Disparities, and Social Determinants of Health With Psychopharmacology and Substance Use
    (American Psychological Association, 2021) Lopez-Vergara, Hector I.; Zapolski, Tamika C. B.; Leventhal, Adam M.; Psychology, School of Science
    These articles provide a window into the breadth of issues at the intersection of MHDS with psychopharmacology and substance use. Integrating the fields of psychopharmacology and basic behavioral addictions science with research on MHDS is not only of public health importance, but can help further elucidate our understanding of human behavior in all of its complexity. As demonstrated here, a better understanding of the synergy between societal context(s) and individual-level processes can lead to interventions tailored to specific risk and resilience factors; interventions that are personalized and contextualized have the potential to improve the health of our society. We are very grateful to the authors for their contributions to this special issue. We hope that professionals from various disciplines who read this special issue become inspired to bridge psychopharmacological and social determinants perspectives in their own work, and, in turn, accelerate scientific progress within each field.