Browsing by Author "Kriss, Jennifer L."

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    Incidence of Monkeypox Among Unvaccinated Persons Compared with Persons Receiving ≥1 JYNNEOS Vaccine Dose — 32 U.S. Jurisdictions, July 31–September 3, 2022
    (Center for Disease Control, 2022-10-07) Payne, Amanda B.; Ray, Logan C.; Kugeler, Kiersten J.; Fothergill, Amy; White, Elizabeth B.; Canning, Michelle; Farrar, Jennifer L.; Feldstein, Leora R.; Gundlapalli, Adi V.; Houck, Kennedy; Kriss, Jennifer L.; Lewis, Nathaniel M.; Sims, Emily; Smith, Dawn K.; Spicknall, Ian H.; Nakazawa, Yoshinori; Damon, Inger K.; Cohn, Amanda C.; Payne, Daniel C.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Human monkeypox is caused by Monkeypox virus (MPXV), an Orthopoxvirus, previously rare in the United States (1). The first U.S. case of monkeypox during the current outbreak was identified on May 17, 2022 (2). As of September 28, 2022, a total of 25,341 monkeypox cases have been reported in the United States.* The outbreak has disproportionately affected gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) (3). JYNNEOS vaccine (Modified Vaccinia Ankara vaccine, Bavarian Nordic), administered subcutaneously as a 2-dose (0.5 mL per dose) series with doses administered 4 weeks apart, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2019 to prevent smallpox and monkeypox infection (4). U.S. distribution of JYNNEOS vaccine as postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) for persons with known exposures to MPXV began in May 2022. A U.S. national vaccination strategy† for expanded PEP, announced on June 28, 2022, recommended subcutaneous vaccination of persons with known or presumed exposure to MPXV, broadening vaccination eligibility. FDA emergency use authorization (EUA) of intradermal administration of 0.1 mL of JYNNEOS on August 9, 2022, increased vaccine supply (5). As of September 28, 2022, most vaccine has been administered as PEP or expanded PEP. Because of the limited amount of time that has elapsed since administration of initial vaccine doses, as of September 28, 2022, relatively few persons in the current outbreak have completed the recommended 2-dose series.§ To examine the incidence of monkeypox among persons who were unvaccinated and those who had received ≥1 JYNNEOS vaccine dose, 5,402 reported monkeypox cases occurring among males¶ aged 18-49 years during July 31-September 3, 2022, were analyzed by vaccination status across 32 U.S. jurisdictions.** Average monkeypox incidence (cases per 100,000) among unvaccinated persons was 14.3 (95% CI = 5.0-41.0) times that among persons who received 1 dose of JYNNEOS vaccine ≥14 days earlier. Monitoring monkeypox incidence by vaccination status in timely surveillance data might provide early indications of vaccine-related protection that can be confirmed through other well-controlled vaccine effectiveness studies. This early finding suggests that a single dose of JYNNEOS vaccine provides some protection against monkeypox infection. The degree and durability of such protection is unknown, and it is recommended that people who are eligible for monkeypox vaccination receive the complete 2-dose series.
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    Reduced Risk for Mpox After Receipt of 1 or 2 Doses of JYNNEOS Vaccine Compared with Risk Among Unvaccinated Persons — 43 U.S. Jurisdictions, July 31–October 1, 2022
    (Center for Disease Control, 2022) Payne, Amanda B.; Ray, Logan C.; Cole, Matthew M.; Canning, Michelle; Houck, Kennedy; Shah, Hazel J.; Farrar, Jennifer L.; Lewis, Nathaniel M.; Fothergill, Amy; White, Elizabeth B.; Feldstein, Leora R.; Roper, Lauren E.; Lee, Florence; Kriss, Jennifer L.; Sims, Emily; Spicknall, Ian H.; Nakazawa, Yoshinori; Gundlapalli, Adi V.; Shimabukuro, Tom; Cohen, Adam L.; Honein, Margaret A.; Mermin, Jonathan; Payne, Daniel C.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    What is already known about this topic? Real-world data on the magnitude and durability of protection by JYNNEOS vaccine against monkeypox (mpox) remain limited. What is added by this report? Among JYNNEOS vaccine-eligible men aged 18–49 years in 43 U.S. jurisdictions, mpox incidence among unvaccinated persons was 9.6 times as high as that among persons who had received 2 vaccine doses and 7.4 times as high as that among persons who had received only the first dose. Preliminary evidence indicates no difference in protection between subcutaneous and intradermal administration routes. What are the implications for public health practice? Although further study is needed to determine the magnitude and durability of protection, evidence indicates that JYNNEOS vaccination provides protection against mpox. Vaccine-eligible persons should complete the 2-dose vaccination series.