Browsing by Author "Kanuri, Sri Harsha"

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    Adjuvants in COVID-19 vaccines: innocent bystanders or culpable abettors for stirring up COVID-heart syndrome
    (Sage, 2024-02-04) Kanuri, Sri Harsha; Sirrkay, Prapthi Jayesh; Medicine, School of Medicine
    COVID-19 infection is a multi-system clinical disorder that was associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Even though antiviral therapies such as Remdesvir offered modest efficacy in reducing the mortality and morbidity, they were not efficacious in reducing the risk of future infections. So, FDA approved COVID-19 vaccines which are widely administered in the general population worldwide. These COVID-19 vaccines offered a safety net against future infections and re-infections. Most of these vaccines contain inactivated virus or spike protein mRNA that are primarily responsible for inducing innate and adaptive immunity. These vaccines were also formulated to contain supplementary adjuvants that are beneficial in boosting the immune response. During the pandemic, clinicians all over the world witnessed an uprise in the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (COVID-Heart Syndrome) in patients with and without cardiovascular risk factors. Clinical researchers were not certain about the underlying reason for the upsurge of cardiovascular disorders with some blaming them on COVID-19 infections while others blaming them on COVID-19 vaccines. Based on the literature review, we hypothesize that adjuvants included in the COVID-19 vaccines are the real culprits for causation of cardiovascular disorders. Operation of various pathological signaling events under the influence of these adjuvants including autoimmunity, bystander effect, direct toxicity, anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS), anaphylaxis, hypersensitivity, genetic susceptibility, epitope spreading, and anti-idiotypic antibodies were partially responsible for stirring up the onset of cardiovascular disorders. With these mechanisms in place, a minor contribution from COVID-19 virus itself cannot be ruled out. With that being said, we strongly advocate for careful selection of vaccine adjuvants included in COVID-19 vaccines so that future adverse cardiac disorders can be averted.
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    Correction: Opportunities to implement a sustainable genomic medicine program: lessons learned from the IGNITE Network
    (Springer Nature, 2019-07) Levy, Kenneth D.; Blake, Kathryn; Fletcher-Hoppe, Colette; Franciosi, James; Goto, Diasuke; Hicks, James K.; Holmes, Ann M.; Kanuri, Sri Harsha; Madden, Ebony B.; Musty, Michael D.; Orlando, Lori; Pratt, Victoria M.; Ramos, Michelle; Wu, Ryanne; Ginsburg, Geoffrey S.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    The original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the author Geoffrey S. Ginsburg, which was incorrectly given as Geoffrey Ginsburg. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
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    Correction: Opportunities to implement a sustainable genomic medicine program: lessons learned from the IGNITE Network
    (Springer Nature, 2021) Levy, Kenneth D.; Blake, Kathryn; Fletcher-Hoppe, Colette; Franciosi, James; Goto, Daisuke; Hicks, James K.; Holmes, Ann M.; Kanuri, Sri Harsha; Madden, Ebony B.; Musty, Michael D.; Orlando, Lori; Pratt, Victoria M.; Ramos, Michelle; Wu, Ryanne; Ginsburg, Geoffrey S.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Correction to: Genetics in Medicine 21:2019; 10.1038/s41436-018-0080-y; published online 12 July 2018 The original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the author Daisuke Goto, which was incorrectly given as Diasuke Goto. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
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    Opportunities to implement a sustainable genomic medicine program: lessons learned from the IGNITE Network
    (Springer Nature, 2019-03) Levy, Kenneth D.; Blake, Kathryn; Fletcher-Hoppe, Colette; Franciosi, James; Goto, Diasuke; Hicks, James K.; Holmes, Ann M.; Kanuri, Sri Harsha; Madden, Ebony B.; Musty, Michael D.; Orlando, Lori; Pratt, Victoria M.; Ramos, Michelle; Wu, Ryanne; Ginsburg, Geoffrey; Medicine, School of Medicine
    PURPOSE: While there is growing scientific evidence for and significant advances in the use of genomic technologies in medicine, there is a significant lag in the clinical adoption and sustainability of genomic medicine. Here we describe the findings from the National Human Genome Research Institute's (NHGRI) Implementing GeNomics In pracTicE (IGNITE) Network in identifying key constructs, opportunities, and challenges associated with driving sustainability of genomic medicine in clinical practice. METHODS: Network members and affiliates were surveyed to identify key drivers associated with implementing and sustaining a genomic medicine program. Tallied results were used to develop and weigh key constructs/drivers required to support sustainability of genomic medicine programs. RESULTS: The top three driver-stakeholder dyads were (1) genomic training for providers, (2) genomic clinical decision support (CDS) tools embedded in the electronic health record (EHR), and (3) third party reimbursement for genomic testing. CONCLUSION: Priorities may differ depending on healthcare systems when comparing the current state of key drivers versus projected needs for supporting genomic medicine sustainability. Thus we provide gap-filling guidance based on IGNITE members' experiences. Although results are limited to findings from the IGNITE network, their implementation, scientific, and clinical experience may be used as a road map by others considering implementing genomic medicine programs.
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    Profiling of microglial-originated microvesicles to unearthing their lurking potential as potent foreseeable biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease: A systematic review
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2024-09-26) Kanuri, Sri Harsha; Sirrkay, Prapthi Jayesh; Neurology, School of Medicine
    Background: Alzheimer's Disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by accumulation of phosphorylated tau and amyloid deposits within the brain tissues in the elderly population. Numerous studies established that amassment of these toxic accretions within the brain tissues initiates neuronal demise and synaptic impairment which becomes the underlying basis for memory loss and cognitive abnormalities in these patients. Hypothesis: Hypoxia, oxidative stress, and inflammation are commonly encountered perils in the neuronal milieu that derail the neuron-synapse interactions and maneuver them to undergo apoptosis. A spinoff from neuronal desecration is microglial activation which forms a cardinal role in mounting innate immune defenses for warding off and reversing off toxic stimulus encountered. Results: A potential ramification of microglial activation in this context is assembly, processing and exuding of micro-vesicles into the extracellular space. These micro-vesicles will be packaged with amyloid and tau deposits which accumulate intracellularly within microglial cells secondary to their professional scavenging function. These microglial MVs are prone to seed tau and amyloid beta into the surrounding neuron-synapse framework, thus are implicated in spreading the disease pathology in AD. Conclusions: Therefore, these MVs can be considered as an omen for disease initiation, progression, monitoring as well gauging the treatment response in the clinical AD cohorts. We speculate future research studies to unmask the dormant potential of these microglial MVs as reliable markers for diagnosis, evaluating the disease progression as well as treatment in AD. This will open the door for early diagnosis of AD so as to prioritize management and optimize clinical outcomes..