Browsing by Author "Justiss, Michael D."

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    Alcohol intoxication progressively impairs drivers' capacity to detect important environmental stimuli
    (Elsevier, 2018) Plawecki, Martin Henry; Koskie, Sarah; Kosobud, Ann; Justiss, Michael D.; O'Connor, Sean; Psychiatry, School of Medicine
    Rationale Alcohol intoxication impairs driving skills, leading to an increased frequency of accidents and crash fatalities. Inebriation may specifically impair environmental vigilance, reducing the driver's capacity for attention to stimuli that are relevant to successful navigation. Objectives We examined the separate and interactive effects of breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) and simulated driving scenario on the capacity to correctly identify visual stimuli embedded in the environment. Methods Ten healthy young adult drivers (6 males; 4 females) each performed 4 driving scenarios at each of 3 steady breath alcohol concentration levels (0, 60 and 100 mg/dl). Scenarios were based on speed or distance keeping while navigating a rural 2-lane road in daytime or nighttime conditions. Drivers pressed a button on the steering wheel corresponding to the direction of an arrow (up or down) which appeared briefly on road signs embedded in the environment, either overhead or on the roadside. Results Increasing level of BrAC and subjective scenario difficulty manifested significant, separate, but not interactive influences in association with the number of arrows correctly identified. Significant impairments could be detected at a level of BrAC below the current American limit for legal operation of a motor vehicle. Conclusions Environmental vigilance is subject to impairment by either/both alcohol intoxication and driving conditions.
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    Determinants of Telerehabilitation Acceptance among Patients Attending Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programs in the United States
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2021) Almojaibel, Abdullah A.; Munk, Niki; Goodfellow, Lynda T.; Fisher, Thomas F.; Miller, Kristine K.; Comer, Amber R.; Bakas, Tamilyn; Justiss, Michael D.; Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences
    Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an interdisciplinary intervention designed to improve the physical status and the psychological condition of people with chronic respiratory diseases. To improve patients' participation in PR programs, telerehabilitation has been introduced. Objective: This study aimed to identify factors that could influence the intention to use telerehabilitation among patients attending traditional PR programs. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited subjects attending the PR centers in the hospitals of the Indiana State University, United States of America, between January and May 2017. Data were collected using self-administered Tele-Pulmonary Rehabilitation Acceptance Scale (TPRAS). TPRAS had two subscales: perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Behavioral intention (BI) was the dependent variable, and all responses were dichotomized into positive and negative intention to use. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to assess the influence of variables on the intention to use telerehabilitation. Results: A total of 134 respondents were included in this study, of which 61.2% indicated positive intention to use telerehabilitation. Perceived usefulness was a significant predictor of the positive intentions to use of telerehabilitation. Duration of respiratory disease was negatively associated with the use of telerehabilitation. Conclusion: Perceived usefulness was a significant predictor of using telerehabilitation. The findings of this study may be useful for health-care organizations in improving the adoption of telerehabilitation or in its implementation. Future telerehabilitation acceptance studies could explore the effects of additional factors including computer literacy and culture on the intention to use telerehabilitation.
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    Development and Validation of the Tele-Pulmonary Rehabilitation Acceptance Scale
    (Daedalus, 2019) Almojaibel, Abdullah A.; Munk, Niki; Goodfellow, Lynda T.; Fisher, Thomas F.; Miller, Kristine K.; Comer, Amber R.; Bakas, Tamilyn; Justiss, Michael D.; Health Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences
    BACKGROUND: Using telehealth in pulmonary rehabilitation (telerehabilitation) is a new field of health-care practice. To successfully implement a telerehabilitation program, measures of acceptance of this new type of program need to be assessed among potential users. The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to measure acceptance of using telerehabilitation by health-care practitioners and patients. METHODS: Three objectives were met (a) constructing a modified scale of the technology acceptance model, (b) judging the items for content validity, and (c) judging the scale for face validity. Nine experts agreed to participate and evaluate item relevance to theoretical definitions of domains. To establish face validity, 7 health-care practitioners and 5 patients were interviewed to provide feedback about the scale's clarity and ease of reading. RESULTS: The final items were divided into 2 scales that reflected the health-care practitioner and patient responses. Each scale included 3 subscales: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and behavioral intention. CONCLUSIONS: The 2 scales, each with 3 subscales, exhibited evidence of content validity and face validity. The 17-item telerehabilitation acceptance scale for health-care practitioners and the 13-item telerehabilitation acceptance scale among patients warrant further psychometric testing as valuable measures for pulmonary rehabilitation programs.
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    Patients' attitudes of dementia screening across the Atlantic
    (Wiley, 2009-06) Justiss, Michael D.; Boustani, Malaz; Fox, Chris; Katona, Cornelius; Perkins, Anthony J.; Healey, Patrick J.; Sachs, Greg; Hui, Siu; Callahan, Christopher M.; Hendrie, Hugh C.; Scott, Emma; Department of Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    BACKGROUND: Dementia is a common and growing global public health problem. It leads to a high burden of suffering for society with an annual cost of $100 billion in the US and $10 billion in the UK. New strategies for both treatment and prevention of dementia are currently being developed. Implementation of these strategies will depend on the presence of a viable community or primary care based dementia screening and diagnosis program and patient acceptance of such a program. OBJECTIVE: To compare the acceptance, perceived harms and perceived benefits of dementia screening among older adults receiving their care in two different primary health care systems in two countries. DESIGN: A Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Primary care clinics in Indianapolis, USA and Kent, UK. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of 245 older adults (Indianapolis, n = 125; Kent, n = 120). OUTCOMES: Acceptance of dementia screening and its perceived harms and benefits as determined by a 52-item questionnaire (PRISM-PC questionnaire). RESULTS: Four of the five domains were significantly different across the two samples. The UK sample had significantly higher dementia screening acceptance scores (p < 0.05); higher perceived stigma scores (p < 0.05); higher perceived loss of independence scores (p < 0.01); and higher perceived suffering scores (p < 0.01) than the US sample. Both groups perceived dementia screening as beneficial (p = 0.218). After controlling for prior experience with dementia, acceptance and stigma were marginalized. CONCLUSIONS: Older adults attending primary care clinics across the Atlantic value dementia screening but have significant concerns about dementia screening although these concerns differed between the two countries. Low acceptance rates and high rates of perceived harms might be a significant barrier for the introduction of treatment or preventive methods for dementia in the future.