Browsing by Author "Johnson, James"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Applying Holland's Vocational Choice Theory in Sport Management
    (Human Kinetics, 2017) Pierce, David; Johnson, James
    Holland’s (1997) vocational choice theory is used in vocational counseling to aid job seekers in finding occupations that fit their personality based on Holland’s RIASEC typology of personalities and work environments. The purpose of this research was to determine the Holland RIASEC profiles for occupations within the sport industry by having employees in intercollegiate athletics complete the Position Classification Inventory (Gottfredson & Holland, 1991). Results indicated the three-letter Holland code for the sport industry is SEC. The sport industry is dominated by the Social environment, evidenced by seven occupations possessing Social in the first letter of the profile and Social rating in the top two for all occupations. Seven occupations were primarily Social, three were Realistic, two were Enterprising, and two were Conventional. A MANOVA was also conducted to compare differences between occupational disciplines on the six Holland environments. Implications for sport industry occupations and the application of Holland’s theory are discussed.
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    Are We Punishing Success? An Evaluation of the Indiana Tournament Success Factor and Implications for Interscholastic Policy
    (Indiana University, 2023) Johnson, James; Pierce, David; Matz, Davis; Tourism, Event, & Sport Management, School of Health and Human Sciences
    In 2012 the Indiana High School Athletic Association approved the Tournament Success Factor (TSF). This innovative policy was designed to improve interscholastic competitive balance by reclassifying individual teams above their enrollment based on success in their post-season tournament. To date, there have been five two-year cycles of TSF reclassifications, and some critics argue the policy unfairly penalizes the athletes on teams who must play up in classification after the successes of the predecessors. To determine if this critique was justified, as well as identify patterns and potential policy adjustments, this study investigated 93 cases of how teams performed after moving up in classification due to the TSF. Results indicated that 55.9% did not have enough post-season success at the next level in the first cycle after moving up to remain in the higher classification, and 79.5% did not by the end of two cycles. Additionally, reclassifications happen at a disproportionately high rate for private schools relative to the number of private high schools throughout the state. Historically, six and eight years prior to moving up show significant differences between teams that have some success at a higher classification and teams that demonstrated isolated success with an immediate return to a lower classification. Based on the results, it appears a reasonable policy innovation would be to increase the point value needed to trigger the move up from 6 to 7, or use a historical metric that includes TSF points over prior cycles. These changes would eliminate most of the isolated cases of success and target the most successful programs that should be competing at a higher classification, which meets the true intention and spirit of TSF.
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    Dual-targeting GroEL/ES chaperonin and protein tyrosine phosphatase B (PtpB) inhibitors: A polypharmacology strategy for treating Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections
    (Elsevier, 2019-07-01) Washburn, Alex; Abdeen, Sanofar; Ovechkina, Yulia; Ray, Anne-Marie; Stevens, Mckayla; Chitre, Siddhi; Sivinski, Jared; Park, Yangshin; Johnson, James; Hoang; Hoang, Quyen Q.; Chapman, Eli; Parish, Tanya; Johnson, Steven M.; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine
    Current treatments for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections require long and complicated regimens that can lead to patient non-compliance, increasing incidences of antibiotic-resistant strains, and lack of efficacy against latent stages of disease. Thus, new therapeutics are needed to improve tuberculosis standard of care. One strategy is to target protein homeostasis pathways by inhibiting molecular chaperones such as GroEL/ES (HSP60/10) chaperonin systems. M. tuberculosis has two GroEL homologs: GroEL1 is not essential but is important for cytokine-dependent granuloma formation, while GroEL2 is essential for survival and likely functions as the canonical housekeeping chaperonin for folding proteins. Another strategy is to target the protein tyrosine phosphatase B (PtpB) virulence factor that M. tuberculosis secretes into host cells to help evade immune responses. In the present study, we have identified a series of GroEL/ES inhibitors that inhibit M. tuberculosis growth in liquid culture and biochemical function of PtpB in vitro. With further optimization, such dual-targeting GroEL/ES and PtpB inhibitors could be effective against all stages of tuberculosis – actively replicating bacteria, bacteria evading host cell immune responses, and granuloma formation in latent disease – which would be a significant advance to augment current therapeutics that primarily target actively replicating bacteria.