Browsing by Author "Innocenti, Federico"
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Item A phase II trial of UGT1A1 genotype-guided FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab as first-line therapy for advanced, unresectable colorectal cancer(Oxford University Press, 2024) Sanoff, Hanna K.; Deal, Allison M.; Patel, Jai; Sorah, Jonathan D.; Gaddy, Jacquelyne; O’Neil, Bert; Turk, Anita; Irvin, William; Boles, Jeremiah; Lee, Michael S.; McRee, Autumn; Wardell, Alexis C.; Weck, Karen E.; Basch, Ethan; Wood, William A.; Innocenti, Federico; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground: FOLFIRI is a standard regimen for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We hypothesized that a pharmacogenomic-directed strategy where more efficient irinotecan metabolizers (UGT1A1 *1/*1 homozygotes and *1/*28 heterozygotes) receive higher-than-standard irinotecan doses would improve progression-free survival (PFS) compared to non-genotype selected historical controls with acceptable toxicity. Methods: In this phase II multicenter study irinotecan dosing in first-line FOLFIRI and bevacizumab for mCRC was based on UGT1A1 genotype with *1/*1, *1/*28, and *28/*28 patients receiving 310 mg/m2, 260 mg/m2, and 180 mg/m2, respectively. Primary endpoint was PFS. Secondary endpoints were investigator and patient-reported adverse events, and estimation of overall survival (OS). Results: One-hundred patients were enrolled with 91 evaluable for PFS and 83 evaluable for best response. Median PFS was 12.5 months (90% CI 10.9, 15.4), shorter than the anticipated alternative hypothesis of 14 months. PFS by genotype was 12.5 months (90% CI 10.9, 17.4) for *1/*1, 14.6 months (90% CI 11.8, 17.5) for *1/*28, and 6 months (90% CI 2.3, 7.7) for *28/28, respectively. OS was 24.5 months (90% CI 19.1, 30.7) and by genotype was 26.5 (90% CI 19.1, 32.9), 25.9 (90% CI 17.6, 37.7), and 13.4 (90% CI 2.3, 20.5) months for *1/*1, *1/*28, and *28/*28, respectively. G3/4 toxicity was similar between all subgroups, including diarrhea and neutropenia. Conclusions: A pharmacogenomic-directed irinotecan strategy improved PFS in the *1/*1 and *1/*28 genotypes with higher rates of neutropenia and similar rates of diarrhea compared to expected with standard FOLFIRI dosing. However, improvements in response rate and PFS were modest. This strategy should not change standard practice for mCRC patients in the first-line setting.Item Age and comorbidity association with survival outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer: CALGB 80405 analysis(Elsevier, 2022) McCleary, Nadine J.; Zhang, Sui; Ma, Chao; Ou, Fang-Shu; Bainter, Tiffany M.; Venook, Alan P.; Niedzwiecki, Donna; Lenz, Heinz-Josef; Innocenti, Federico; O'Neil, Bert H.; Polite, Blase N.; Hochster, Howard S.; Atkins, James N.; Goldberg, Richard M.; Ng, Kimmie; Mayer, Robert J.; Blanke, Charles D.; O'Reilly, Eileen M.; Fuchs, Charles S.; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A.; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground: Little is known about the interaction of comorbidities and age on survival outcomes in colorectal cancer (mCRC), nor how comorbidities impact treatment tolerance. Methods: We utilized a cohort of 1345 mCRC patients enrolled in CALGB/SWOG 80405, a multicenter phase III trial of fluorouracil/leucovorin + oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) or irinotecan (FOLFIRI) plus bevacizumab, cetuximab or both. Endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and grade ≥ 3 toxicities assessed using NCI CTCAE v.3.0. Participants completed a questionnaire, including a modified Charlson Comorbidity Index. Adjusted Cox and logistic regression models tested associations of comorbidities and age on the endpoints. Results: In CALGB/SWOG 80405, 1095 (81%) subjects were < 70 years and >70 250 (19%). Presence of ≥1 comorbidity was not significantly associated with either OS (HR 1.10, 95% CI 0.96-1.25) or PFS (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.91-1.16). Compared to subjects <70 with no comorbidities, OS was non-significantly inferior for ≥70 with no comorbidities (HR 1.21, 95% CI 0.98-1.49) and significantly inferior for ≥70 with at least one comorbidity (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.22-1.86). There were no significant associations or interactions between age or comorbidity with PFS. Comorbidities were not associated with treatment-related toxicities. Age ≥ 70 was associated with greater risk of grade ≥ 3 toxicities (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.50-3.09, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Among participants in a clinical trial of combination chemotherapy for mCRC, presence of older age with comorbidities was associated with worse OS but not PFS. The association of age with toxicity suggests additional factors of care should be measured in clinical trials.Item Association of Coffee Intake With Survival in Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer(American Medical Association, 2020-11-01) Mackintosh, Christopher; Yuan, Chen; Ou, Fang-Shu; Zhang, Sui; Niedzwiecki, Donna; Chang, I-Wen; O’Neil, Bert H.; Mullen, Brian C.; Lenz, Heinz-Josef; Blanke, Charles D.; Venook, Alan P.; Mayer, Robert J.; Fuchs, Charles S.; Innocenti, Federico; Nixon, Andrew B.; Goldberg, Richard M.; O’Reilly, Eileen M.; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A.; Ng, Kimmie; Medicine, School of MedicineImportance: Several compounds found in coffee possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and insulin-sensitizing effects, which may contribute to anticancer activity. Epidemiological studies have identified associations between increased coffee consumption and decreased recurrence and mortality of colorectal cancer. The association between coffee consumption and survival in patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer is unknown. Objective: To evaluate the association of coffee consumption with disease progression and death in patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer. Design, setting, and participants: This prospective observational cohort study included 1171 patients with previously untreated locally advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer who were enrolled in Cancer and Leukemia Group B (Alliance)/SWOG 80405, a completed phase 3 clinical trial comparing the addition of cetuximab and/or bevacizumab to standard chemotherapy. Patients reported dietary intake using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire at the time of enrollment. Data were collected from October 27, 2005, to January 18, 2018, and analyzed from May 1 to August 31, 2018. Exposures: Consumption of total, decaffeinated, and caffeinated coffee measured in cups per day. Main outcomes and measures: Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Among the 1171 patients included in the analysis (694 men [59%]; median age, 59 [interquartile range, 51-67] years). The median follow-up time among living patients was 5.4 years (10th percentile, 1.3 years; IQR, 3.2-6.3 years). A total of 1092 patients (93%) had died or had disease progression. Increased consumption of coffee was associated with decreased risk of cancer progression (hazard ratio [HR] for 1-cup/d increment, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91-1.00; P = .04 for trend) and death (HR for 1-cup/d increment, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89-0.98; P = .004 for trend). Participants who consumed 2 to 3 cups of coffee per day had a multivariable HR for OS of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.67-1.00) and for PFS of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.68-0.99), compared with those who did not drink coffee. Participants who consumed at least 4 cups of coffee per day had a multivariable HR for OS of 0.64 (95% CI, 0.46-0.87) and for PFS of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.59-1.05). Significant associations were noted for both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee. Conclusions and relevance: Coffee consumption may be associated with reduced risk of disease progression and death in patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer. Further research is warranted to elucidate underlying biological mechanisms.Item Association of Diet Quality With Survival Among People With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in the Cancer and Leukemia B and Southwest Oncology Group 80405 Trial(AMA, 2020-10-30) Van Blarigan, Erin L.; Zhang, Sui; Ou, Fang-Shu; Venlo, Alan; Ng, Kimmie; Atreya, Chloe; Van Loon, Katherine; Niedzwiecki, Donna; Giovannucci, Edward; Wolfe, Eric G.; Lenz, Heinz-Josef; Innocenti, Federico; O'Neil, Bert H.; Shaw, James E.; Polite, Blase N.; Hochster, Howard S.; Atkins, James N.; Goldberg, Richard M.; Mayer, Robert J.; Blanke, Charles D.; O'Reilly, Eileen M.; Fuchs, Charles S.; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A.; Medicine, School of MedicineImportance: Diet has been associated with survival in patients with stage I to III colorectal cancer, but data on patients with metastatic colorectal cancer are limited. Objective: To examine the association between diet quality and overall survival among individuals with metastatic colorectal cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a prospective cohort study of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who were enrolled in the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (Alliance) and Southwest Oncology Group 80405 trial between October 27, 2005, and February 29, 2012, and followed up through January 2018. Exposures: Participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire within 4 weeks after initiation of first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. Diets were categorized according to the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED) score, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score, and Western and prudent dietary patterns derived using principal component analysis. Participants were categorized into sex-specific quintiles. Main Outcomes and Measures: Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for overall survival. Results: In this cohort study of 1284 individuals with metastatic colorectal cancer, the median age was 59 (interquartile range [IQR]: 51-68) years, median body mass index was 27.2 (IQR, 24.1-31.4), 521 (41%) were female, and 1102 (86%) were White. There were 1100 deaths during a median follow-up of 73 months (IQR, 64-87 months). We observed an inverse association between the AMED score and risk of death (HR quintile 5 vs quintile 1, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.67-1.04; P = .04 for trend), but the point estimates were not statistically significant. None of the other diet scores or patterns were associated with overall survival. Conclusions and Relevance: In this prospective analysis of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, diet quality assessed at initiation of first-line treatment for metastatic disease was not associated with overall survival.Item Bevacizumab-induced hypertension and proteinuria: a genome-wide study of more than 1000 patients(Springer Nature, 2022) Quintanilha, Julia C.F.; Wang, Jin; Sibley, Alexander B.; Jiang, Chen; Etheridge, Amy S.; Shen, Fei; Jiang, Guanglong; Mulkey, Flora; Patel, Jai N.; Hertz, Daniel L.; Dees, Elizabeth Claire; McLeod, Howard L.; Bertagnolli, Monica; Rugo, Hope; Kindler, Hedy L.; Kelly, William Kevin; Ratain, Mark J.; Kroetz, Deanna L.; Owzar, Kouros; Schneider, Bryan P.; Lin, Danyu; Innocenti, Federico; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground: Hypertension and proteinuria are common bevacizumab-induced toxicities. No validated biomarkers are available for identifying patients at risk of these toxicities. Methods: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis was performed in 1039 bevacizumab-treated patients of European ancestry in four clinical trials (CALGB 40502, 40503, 80303, 90401). Grade ≥2 hypertension and proteinuria were recorded (CTCAE v.3.0). Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-toxicity associations were determined using a cause-specific Cox model adjusting for age and sex. Results: The most significant SNP associated with hypertension with concordant effect in three out of the four studies (p-value <0.05 for each study) was rs6770663 (A > G) in KCNAB1, with the G allele increasing the risk of hypertension (p-value = 4.16 × 10-6). The effect of the G allele was replicated in ECOG-ACRIN E5103 in 582 patients (p-value = 0.005). The meta-analysis of all five studies for rs6770663 led to p-value = 7.73 × 10-8, close to genome-wide significance. The most significant SNP associated with proteinuria was rs339947 (C > A, between DNAH5 and TRIO), with the A allele increasing the risk of proteinuria (p-value = 1.58 × 10-7). Conclusions: The results from the largest study of bevacizumab toxicity provide new markers of drug safety for further evaluations. SNP in KCNAB1 validated in an independent dataset provides evidence toward its clinical applicability to predict bevacizumab-induced hypertension.Item Body Mass Index and Weight Loss in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in CALGB (Alliance)/SWOG 80405(Oxford University Press, 2020-03-31) Guercio, Brendan J.; Zhang, Sui; Venook, Alan P.; Ou, Fang-Shu; Niedzwiecki, Donna; Lenz, Heinz-Josef; Innocenti, Federico; Mullen, Brian C.; O’Neil, Bert H.; Shaw, James E.; Polite, Blase N.; Hochster, Howard S.; Atkins, James N.; Goldberg, Richard M.; Brown, Justin C.; O’Reilly, Eileen M.; Mayer, Robert J.; Blanke, Charles D.; Fuchs, Charles S.; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A.; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground: In nonmetastatic colorectal cancer, overweight and mild-to-moderately obese patients experience improved outcomes compared with other patients. Obesity's influence on advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is relatively unexplored. Methods: We conducted a prospective body mass index (BMI) companion study in Cancer and Leukemia Group B (now Alliance)/SWOG 80405, a phase III metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treatment trial. BMI was measured at trial registration. Primary and secondary endpoints were overall and progression-free survival, respectively. To minimize confounding by poor and rapidly declining health, we used Cox proportional hazards regression to adjust for known prognostic factors, comorbidities, physical activity, and weight loss during the 6 months prior to study entry. We also examined weight loss prior to enrollment as an independent predictor of patient outcome. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Among 2323 patients with mCRC, there were no statistically significant associations between BMI and overall or progression-free survival (adjusted P trend = .12 and .40, respectively). Weight loss during the 6 months prior to study entry was associated with shorter overall and progression-free survival; compared with individuals with stable weight ±4.9%, individuals with weight loss greater than 15% experienced an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.52 for all-cause mortality (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26 to 1.84; P trend < .001) and of 1.23 for disease progression or death (95% CI = 1.02 to 1.47; P trend = .006). Conclusions: In this prospective study of patients with mCRC, BMI at time of first-line chemotherapy initiation was not associated with patient outcome. Weight loss prior to study entry was associated with increased risk of patient mortality and disease progression.Item Correction: Bevacizumab-induced hypertension and proteinuria: a genome-wide study of more than 1000 patients(Springer Nature, 2022) Quintanilha, Julia C.F.; Wang, Jin; Sibley, Alexander B.; Jiang, Chen; Etheridge, Amy S.; Shen, Fei; Jiang, Guanglong; Mulkey, Flora; Patel, Jai N.; Hertz, Daniel L.; Dees, Elizabeth Claire; McLeod, Howard L.; Bertagnolli, Monica; Rugo, Hope; Kindler, Hedy L.; Kelly, William Kevin; Ratain, Mark J.; Kroetz, Deanna L.; Owzar, Kouros; Schneider, Bryan P.; Lin, Danyu; Innocenti, Federico; Medicine, School of MedicineCorrection to: British Journal of Cancer 10.1038/s41416-021-01557-w, published online 06 October 2021 The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in an author affiliation. Dr. Kouros Owzar was listed as “Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA”, when it should be “Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA”. The original article has been corrected.Item Diabetes and Clinical Outcome in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: CALGB 80405 (Alliance)(Oxford University Press, 2020-02) Brown, Justin C.; Zhang, Sui; Ou, Fang-Shu; Venook, Alan P.; Niedzwiecki, Donna; Heinz-Josef Lenz, Heinz-Josef; Innocenti, Federico; O’Neil, Bert H.; Shaw, James E.; Polite, Blase N.; Denlinger, Crystal S.; Atkins, James N.; Goldberg, Richard M.; Ng, Kimmie; Mayer, Robert J.; Blanke, Charles D.; O’Reilly, Eileen M.; Fuchs, Charles S.; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A.; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground Diabetes is a prognostic factor for some malignancies, but its association with outcome in patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is less clear. Methods This cohort study was nested within a randomized trial of first-line chemotherapy and bevacizumab and/or cetuximab for advanced or metastatic CRC. Patients were enrolled at 508 community and academic centers throughout the National Clinical Trials Network. The primary exposure was physician-documented diabetes at the time of enrollment. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS); secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and adverse events. Tests of statistical significance were two-sided. Results Among 2326 patients, 378 (16.3%) had diabetes. The median follow-up time was 6.0 years. We observed 1973 OS events and 2173 PFS events. The median time to an OS event was 22.7 months among those with diabetes and 27.1 months among those without diabetes (HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.13 to 1.44; P < .001). The median time to a PFS event was 9.7 months among those with diabetes and 10.8 months among those without diabetes (HR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.30; P = .02). Patients with diabetes were more likely to experience no less than grade 3 hypertension (8.1% vs 4.4%; P = .054) but were not more likely to experience other adverse events, including neuropathy. Conclusions Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of mortality and tumor progression in patients with advanced or metastatic CRC. Patients with diabetes tolerate first-line treatment with chemotherapy and monoclonal antibodies similarly to patients without diabetes.Item Identification of a Genomic Region Between SLC29A1 and HSP90AB1 Associated With Risk of Bevacizumab-Induced Hypertension: CALGB 80405 (Alliance)(American Association for Cancer Research, 2019-10-01) Li, Megan; Mulkey, Flora; Jiang, Chen; O’Neil, Bert H.; Schneider, Bryan P.; Shen, Fei; Friedman, Paula N.; Momozawa, Yukihide; Kubo, Michiaki; Niedzwiecki, Donna; Hochster, Howard S.; Lenz, Heinz-Josef; Atkins, James N.; Rugo, Hope S.; Halabi, Susan; Kelly, William Kevin; McLeod, Howard L.; Innocenti, Federico; Ratain, Mark J.; Venook, Alan P.; Owzar, Kouros; Kroetz, Deanna L.; Medicine, School of MedicinePurpose: Bevacizumab is a VEGF-specific angiogenesis inhibitor indicated as an adjunct to chemotherapy for the treatment of multiple cancers. Hypertension is commonly observed during bevacizumab treatment, and high-grade toxicity can limit therapy or lead to cardiovascular complications. The factors that contribute to interindividual variability in blood pressure rise during bevacizumab treatment are not well understood.Experimental Design: To identify genomic regions associated with bevacizumab-induced hypertension risk, sequencing of candidate genes and flanking regulatory regions was performed on 61 patients treated with bevacizumab (19 cases developed early-onset grade 3 hypertension and 42 controls had no reported hypertension in the first six cycles of treatment). SNP-based tests for common variant associations and gene-based tests for rare variant associations were performed in 174 candidate genes.Results: Four common variants in independent linkage disequilibrium blocks between SLC29A1 and HSP90AB1 were among the top associations. Validation in larger bevacizumab-treated cohorts supported association between rs9381299 with early grade 3+ hypertension (P = 0.01; OR, 2.4) and systolic blood pressure >180 mm Hg (P = 0.02; OR, 2.1). rs834576 was associated with early grade 3+ hypertension in CALGB 40502 (P = 0.03; OR, 2.9). These SNP regions are enriched for regulatory elements that may potentially increase gene expression. In vitro overexpression of SLC29A1 in human endothelial cells disrupted adenosine signaling and reduced nitric oxide levels that were further lowered upon bevacizumab exposure.Conclusions: The genomic region between SLC29A1 and HSP90AB1 and its role in regulating adenosine signaling are key targets for further investigation into the pathogenesis of bevacizumab-induced hypertension.Item Identification of Reduced ERAP2 Expression and a Novel HLA Allele as Components of a Risk Score for Susceptibility to Liver Injury Due to Amoxicillin-Clavulanate(Elsevier, 2023) Nicoletti, Paola; Dellinger, Andrew; Li, Yi Ju; Barnhart, Huiman X.; Chalasani, Naga; Fontana, Robert J.; Odin, Joseph A.; Serrano, Jose; Stolz, Andrew; Etheridge, Amy S.; Innocenti, Federico; Govaere, Olivier; Grove, Jane I.; Stephens, Camilla; Aithal, Guruprasad P.; Andrade, Raul J.; Bjornsson, Einar S.; Daly, Ann K.; Lucena, M. Isabel; Watkins, Paul B.; Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN); International Drug-Induced Liver Injury Consortium (iDILIC); Prospective European Drug-Induced Liver Injury (Pro-Euro DILI) Investigators; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground & aims: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) due to amoxicillin-clavulanate (AC) has been associated with HLA-A∗02:01, HLA-DRB1∗15:01, and rs2476601, a missense variant in PTPN22. The aim of this study was to identify novel risk factors for AC-DILI and to construct a genetic risk score (GRS). Methods: Transcriptome-wide association study and genome-wide association study analyses were performed on 444 AC-DILI cases and 10,397 population-based controls of European descent. Associations were confirmed in a validation cohort (n = 133 cases and 17,836 population-based controls). Discovery and validation AC-DILI cases were also compared with 1358 and 403 non-AC-DILI cases. Results: Transcriptome-wide association study revealed a significant association of AC-DILI risk with reduced liver expression of ERAP2 (P = 3.7 × 10-7), coding for an aminopeptidase involved in antigen presentation. The lead eQTL single nucleotide polymorphism, rs1363907 (G), was associated with AC-DILI risk in the discovery (odds ratio [OR], 1.68; 95% CI, 1.23-1.66; P = 1.7 × 10-7) and validation cohorts (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.04-2.05; P = .03), following a recessive model. We also identified HLA-B∗15:18 as a novel AC-DILI risk factor in both discovery (OR, 4.19; 95% CI, 2.09-8.36; P = 4.9 × 10-5) and validation (OR, 7.78; 95% CI, 2.75-21.99; P = .0001) cohorts. GRS, incorporating rs1363907, rs2476601, HLA-B∗15:18, HLA-A∗02:01, and HLA-DRB1∗15:01, was highly predictive of AC-DILI risk when cases were analyzed against both general population and non-AC-DILI control cohorts. GRS was the most significant predictor in a regression model containing known AC-DILI clinical risk characteristics and significantly improved the predictive model. Conclusions: We identified novel associations of AC-DILI risk with ERAP2 low expression and with HLA-B∗15:18. GRS based on the 5 risk variants may assist AC-DILI causality assessment and risk management.