Browsing by Author "Hollender, Heaven"

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    Alcohol-Related Cause of Spinal Cord Injury and the Impact on Service Recommendations
    (2021-04) Sprong, Matthew E.; Brinck, Emily A.; Hollender, Heaven; Buono, Frank D.; Perkins Nerlich, Andrea; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine
    Healthcare professionals from whom clients might seek services should provide the best quality care regardless of biases, predispositions, worldview, and personal values. The purpose of this study was to explore how the perceived cause of spinal cord injury (SCI) affected service delivery recommendations from bachelor-level rehabilitation services trainees. Specifically, causal attribution of disability was the dependent variable in two case vignettes, one where the person was personally responsible for the cause of the SCI (i.e., driving under the influence, leading to a motor vehicle accident) and one with an external cause (i.e., motor vehicle accident caused by another driver). The impact on acute care, lifelong care, and specific specialist recommendations was assessed. There was a significant difference in the scores for external cause (M = 1.85, SD = .89) and internal cause (M = 1.4, SD = .60) of SCI and recommendation for life-long care, t(245) = 4.62, p = .000. Acute care and specialist recommendations revealed no differences. Implications for training to address attitudes are discussed.
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    Effects of VHA Policy Directive 1163 on Acceptance and Employment Rates for Veterans with Substance Use Disorders Referred to VHA Vocational Rehabilitation
    (Sage, 2022-11-26) Sprong, Matthew E.; Hollender, Heaven; Pechek, Ashley A.; Forziat-Pytel, Kellie; Buono, Frank D.; Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences
    Introduction: Research has shown that Veterans with Substance/Alcohol Use Disorders (SUDs/AUDs) are at a greater risk for employment-related issues (eg, lower labor force participation rates), and interventions such as Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) have been used as a tool to reduce employment obtainment and maintenance. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate acceptance rates and employment rates at closure for Veterans with SUDs/AUDs prior to the implementation of VHA Policy Directive 1163 (mandated that Veterans are not refused services based on prior or current SUD/AUDs). SUD/AUDs were coded to reflect DSM 5-TR criteria of active use and in-remission. Methods: Data from a VHA Vocational Rehabilitation program in the Veterans Integrated Service Network 12 network were obtained for the purpose of the current study. Results: Findings showed that Veterans with AUDs were less likely to be accepted for VR services prior and after implementation of VHA Policy Directive 1163. Conclusions: When examining active and inactive SUDs/AUDs, findings showed that implementation of VHA Policy Directive 1163 was not effective for Veterans with AUDs. One factor that was not explored but could explain disparities in program acceptance rates is duration of program entry. If a Veteran has a consult placed for VHA Vocational Rehabilitation services, and their program entry date (date accepted) is a significant duration, then perhaps Veterans with active AUDs start drinking again given that they are waiting for vocational assistance. Thus, it would be important to assist Veterans with active AUDs into services in a timely manner (perhaps prior them being discharged from SUD treatment).
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    Trajectory Analysis for Identifying Classes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Children of the United States
    (Bentham Open, 2024-05-21) Lee, Yu-Sheng; Sprong, Matthew Evan; Shrestha, Junu; Smeltzer, Matthew P.; Hollender, Heaven; Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences
    Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a mental health disorder that affects attention and behavior. People with ADHD frequently encounter challenges in social interactions, facing issues, like social rejection and difficulties in interpersonal relationships, due to their inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Methods: A National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) database was employed to identify patterns of ADHD symptoms. The children who were born to women in the NLSY study between 1986 and 2014 were included. A total of 1,847 children in the NLSY 1979 cohort whose hyperactivity/inattention score was calculated when they were four years old were eligible for this study. A trajectory modeling method was used to evaluate the trajectory classes. Sex, baseline antisocial score, baseline anxiety score, and baseline depression score were adjusted to build the trajectory model. We used stepwise multivariate logistic regression models to select the risk factors for the identified trajectories. Results: The trajectory analysis identified six classes for ADHD, including (1) no sign class, (2) few signs since preschool being persistent class, (3) few signs in preschool but no signs later class, (4) few signs in preschool that magnified in elementary school class, (5) few signs in preschool that diminished later class, and (6) many signs since preschool being persistent class. The sensitivity analysis resulted in a similar trajectory pattern, except for the few signs since preschool that magnified later class. Children's race, breastfeeding status, headstrong score, immature dependent score, peer conflict score, educational level of the mother, baseline antisocial score, baseline anxious/depressed score, and smoking status 12 months prior to the birth of the child were found to be risk factors in the ADHD trajectory classes. Conclusion: The trajectory classes findings obtained in the current study can (a) assist a researcher in evaluating an intervention (or combination of interventions) that best decreases the long-term impact of ADHD symptoms and (b) allow clinicians to better assess as to which class a child with ADHD belongs so that appropriate intervention can be employed.