Browsing by Author "Hoffman, John M."

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    Relationship between a novel learning slope metric and Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers
    (Taylor & Francis, 2022) Hammers, Dustin B.; Suhrie, Kayla; Dixon, Ava; Gradwohl, Brian D.; Archibald, Zane G.; King, Jace B.; Spencer, Robert J.; Duff, Kevin; Hoffman, John M.; Neurology, School of Medicine
    The Learning Ratio (LR) is a novel learning score examining the proportion of information learned over successive learning trials relative to information available to be learned. Validation is warranted to understand LR's sensitivity to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. One-hundred twenty-three participants across the AD continuum underwent memory assessment, quantitative brain imaging, and genetic analysis. LR scores were calculated from the HVLT-R, BVMT-R, RBANS List Learning, and RBANS Story Memory, and compared to total hippocampal volumes,18F-Flutemetamol composite SUVR uptake, and APOE ε4 status. Lower LR scores were consistently associated with smaller total hippocampal volumes, greater cerebral β-amyloid deposition, and APOE ε4 positivity. This LR score outperformed a traditional learning slope calculation in all analyses. LR is sensitive to AD pathology along the AD continuum - more so than a traditional raw learning score - and reducing the competition between the first trial and subsequent trials can better depict learning capacity.
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    The Quick Dementia Rating System and Its Relationship to Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease and Neuropsychological Performance
    (Karger, 2022) Duff, Kevin; Wan, Laura; Levine, Deborah A.; Giordani, Bruno; Fowler, Nicole R.; Fagerlin, Angela; King, Jace B.; Hoffman, John M.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Introduction: The Quick Dementia Rating System (QDRS) is a brief, patient-reported dementia staging tool that has approximated scores on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, no studies have examined its relationship with AD-related biomarkers. Methods: One-hundred twenty-one older adults (intact, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, mild AD) completed the QDRS, and three biomarkers (amyloid deposition via positron emission tomography, hippocampal volume via magnetic resonance imaging, and apolipoprotein [APOE] ε4 status). Results: The Total score on the QDRS was statistically significantly related to all three biomarkers (after controlling for age, education, sex, and race), with greater levels of dementia severity being associated with greater amyloid deposition, smaller hippocampi, and having copies of APOE ε4 allele. Discussion: In participants across the cognitive spectrum, the QDRS showed modest relationships with amyloid deposition, hippocampal volumes, and APOE status. Therefore, the QDRS may offer a cost-effective screening method for clinical trials in AD.