Browsing by Author "Hoddinott, Graeme"

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    Caring for Adolescents and Young Adults With Tuberculosis or at Risk of Tuberculosis: Consensus Statement From an International Expert Panel
    (Elsevier, 2023) Chiang, Silvia S.; Waterous, Patricia M.; Atieno, Vivian Faith; Bernays, Sarah; Bondarenko, Yaroslava; Cruz, Andrea T.; de Oliveira, Márcia C. B.; Del Castillo Barrientos, Hernán; Enimil, Anthony; Ferlazzo, Gabriella; Ferrand, Rashida Abbas; Furin, Jennifer; Hoddinott, Graeme; Isaakidis, Petros; Kranzer, Katharina; Maleche-Obimbo, Elizabeth; Mansoor, Homa; Marais, Ben J.; Mohr-Holland, Erika; Morales, Mabel; Nguyen, Anh Phuong; Oliyo, Joshua Ochieng; Sant'Anna, Clemax Couto; Sawyer, Susan M.; Schaaf, H. Simon; Seddon, James A.; Sharma, Sangeeta; Skrahina, Alena; Starke, Jeffrey R.; Triasih, Rina; Tsogt, Bazarragchaa; Welch, Henry; Enane, Leslie A.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Background: Despite being a preventable and treatable disease, tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death among young people globally. Each year, an estimated 1.8 million adolescents and young adults (AYAs; 10–24 years old) develop TB. In 2019, an estimated 161,000 AYAs died of the disease. AYAs have unique developmental, psychosocial, and healthcare needs, but these needs have been neglected in both TB care and research agendas. In order to improve outcomes in this age group, the specific needs of AYAs must be considered and addressed. Methods: Through a consensus process, an international panel of 34 clinicians, researchers, TB survivors, and advocates with expertise in child/adolescent TB and/or adolescent health proposed interventions for optimizing AYA engagement in TB care. The process consisted of reviewing the literature on TB in AYAs; identifying and discussing priority areas; and drafting and revising proposed interventions until consensus, defined a priori, was reached. Results: The panel acknowledged the dearth of evidence on best practices for identifying and managing AYAs with TB. The final consensus statement, based on expert opinion, proposes nine interventions to reform current practices that may harm AYA health and well-being, and nine interventions to establish high-quality AYA-centered TB services. Conclusion: AYA-specific interventions for TB care and research are critical for improving outcomes in this age group. In the absence of evidence on best practices, this consensus statement from an international group of experts can help address the needs of AYA with TB or at risk for TB.
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    The Impact of Tuberculosis on the Well-Being of Adolescents and Young Adults
    (MDPI, 2021-12-08) Moscibrodzki, Patricia; Enane, Leslie A.; Hoddinott, Graeme; Brooks, Meredith B.; Byron, Virginia; Furin, Jennifer; Seddon, James A.; Meyersohn, Lily; Chiang, Silvia S.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    The health needs of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) have been neglected in tuberculosis (TB) care, control, and research. AYAs, who are distinct from younger children and older adults, undergo dynamic physical, psychological, emotional, cognitive, and social development. Five domains of adolescent well-being are crucial to a successful transition between childhood and adulthood: (1) Good health; (2) connectedness and contribution to society; (3) safety and a supportive environment; (4) learning, competence, education, skills, and employability; and (5) agency and resilience. This review summarizes the evidence of the impact of TB disease and treatment on these five domains of AYA well-being.