IU Indianapolis ScholarWorks :: Browsing by Author "Hennon, David Kent, 1933-"

Browsing by Author "Hennon, David Kent, 1933-"

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Analysis of orthodontic treatment by pediatric dentists and general practitioners in Indiana
(1986) Koroluk, Lorne D.; Avery, David R.; Hennon, David Kent, 1933-; Jones, James E. (James Earl), 1950-; Barton, Paul; Kasle, Myron J.
Orthodontic treatment being provided by pediatric dentists and general practitioners in Indiana was investigated. A two page questionnaire constructed by the investigator was used to gather the data. The study sample consisted of 571 dentists. All 71 Indiana pediatric dentists primarily in private practice were surveyed. General practitioners (500) were chosen on the basis of age, year of graduation from dental school, geographic location and size of community in which they practiced. Seventy-eight percent of the questionnaires were returned; of this total, 93 percent of the pediatric dentists and 77 percent of the general practitioners responded. The study showed that currently in Indiana 62 percent of the pediatric dentists and 17.9 percent of the general practitioners surveyed provided comprehensive orthodontic treatment. These results are much higher than results of previous surveys of pediatric dentists and general practitioners. The study also found that pediatric dentists provide significantly more comprehensive orthodontic treatment and spend significantly more time providing orthodontic treatment than do general practitioners. Age of practitioner was found not to significantly affect the percentage of time spent providing orthodontic treatment, the orthodontic conditions treated or the type of appliances and techniques used. Population of the community in which the practice was located did have a significant effect. Practitioners in communities of over 100,000 provided significantly less comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Practitioners who practiced in communities of 5,000-25,000 spent significantly more time providing orthodontic services. Sixty-three percent of the practitioners surveyed had taken some type of continuing education course in orthodontics. An overwhelming majority of practitioners (over 90 percent) stated that their undergraduate orthodontic training in dental school inadequately prepared them for private practice. The majority of pediatric dentists (78 percent) also stated that their postgraduate education instruction in orthodontics was inadequate.
Computer-assisted analysis of dental crowding and its relationship to tooth size, arch dimension, and arch form in the mixed dentition, utilizing the Apple II personal computer
(1987) Kamp, Anthony A.; Avery, David R.; Shanks, James C.; Hennon, David Kent, 1933-; Barton, Paul; Jones, James E. (James Earl), 1950-
The programs developed in this study are examples of how a personal computer can aid the delivery of dental care. The versatility of the computer depends on the availability of a variety of programs specifically developed for dentistry, without which computers will have little impact on treatment. Moyers' analysis adapted for the Apple II and its research modification are computer programs developed specifically for dentistry. Accurately predicting the mesiodistal widths of the unerupted permanent canines and premolars in the mixed dentition can lead to orthodontic treatment that is optimally timed, with desirable facial and dental results. The stage of the mixed dentition constitutes the most intricate period in the development of the occlusion; any small anomaly occurring in this stage can pose complicated problems for the permanent dentition, requiring a more extensive and expensive mechanotherapy. Malocclusion is a developmental problem. Analysis of dental crowding and its relationship to tooth size and arch dimensions yielded the following results for the maxillary and mandibular arches: 1. Statistically different values for tooth size were noted between crowded and noncrowded groups, with crowded individuals having larger teeth. 2. Arch perimeter and arch depth were significantly smaller in crowded groups than noncrowded groups. 3. No significant differences were noted between crowded and noncrowded groups in arch width or symmetry. 4. Significant differences were demonstrated in the eccentricity value of an ellipse for crowded and noncrowded cases. This study suggests that dental crowding is associated with both small dental arches and large teeth. Therefore, greater consideration may be given to those treatment techniques which increase dental arch width, length, and perimeter. This is especially relevant in younger patients whose dentitions are in the deciduous and mixed stages of development. Further investigation into the relationship of dental crowding and arch shape with a larger sample might be productive. The eccentricity of a curve should be used to evaluate pre and post orthodontic treatment. Modifications to the basic computer program could include prediction values for Black Americans, cephalometric value interpretation, and the Bolton and Ponts analysis as a comprehensive diagnostic computer package.
Craniofacial Morphology in familial cases of cleft lip/palate: phenotypic heterogeneity and genetic predisposition in unaffected family members
(1993) Litz, Stephanie M.; Bixler, David; Fleener, Donald E.; Hennon, David Kent, 1933-; Sadove, A. Michael; Ward, Richard E.; Avery, David R.
This study investigated familial cases of cleft lip with or without cleft palate to determine whether the unaffected members of each family can be identified as gene carriers for the cleft trait. This research presumes that such carriers will have henotypic features identifiable by cephalometric analysis that are associated with an increased risk to cleft offspring. Using population genetics methodology, a pedigree analysis was made for each family member was assigned to one of four groups: (1) obligate normal, (2) affected, (3) carrier, and (4) unknown. LA and PA cephalographs were taken on each subject and a clinical oral-facial examination carried out on participating family members. Various anatomic landmarks located on the LA and PA films were digitized and from them, a total of 28 linear measurements were made. To eliminate the effect of sex and differential age responses, Z scores were calculated. Through univariate analysis, only one variable, NCR-MO, was shown to be significantly different between the two groups. This variable difference by itself is not adequate to differentiate those in the normal group from the carrier group. Even though only one variable was significant, other differences in the variables between these groups become obvious when the group variables were plotted as Z scores. Since Z scores are pure values with no limits (2--the number of standard deviations in a given variable differs from normal). Thereby, age-related growth differences were minimized. Further information is gained when these Z scores are plotted as pattern profiles, Figures 5-7. These profiles of mean Z scores for each variable pointed out areas of the face in which the differences were so great that specific anatomic areas appeared to be associated with one of the four groups. For example, gene carriers demonstrated specific alterations in facial height that might conceivably be used to discriminate that group from the other three groups. The family normals and carriers were then analyzed by using a stepwise multivariate analysis. By this approach, a discriminant function was generated consisting of six variables (three each from the lateral and frontal headplates), which proved to be significant in distinguishing an individual's phenotype. These variables define facial height, width and depth. The specific findings included a decrease in mid-facial height and depth along with an increased lower facial height and width in the gene carrier population as compared to the normals. The function then was used to predict group membership of the same two groups. Comparing this analytical prediction to that of the grouping system that resulted from the pedigree analysis, all but one individual was classified correctly in both the normal and carrier population. A discriminant score was also determined for the unknown population of family members which were defined as non-cleft blood relatives of cleft probands. Thus, they were a mixture of two types--those unaffected who carried a genetic liability for producing a cleft child and those unaffected who did not. A prediction of their placement into either the normal or carrier group was made with the discriminate function. One-third were classed in the normal group and two-thirds as gene carriers. The results of this study confirm that the phenotype of these unaffected family members designated as obligate gene carriers differs significantly from that of the family normals. This information is not only quite useful for genetic counselling but gives both a better understanding or the genetic control of clefting and can lead to molecular research to identify the specific gene in question.
The effects of primary alvelar bone grafting on maxillary growth and development
(1993) Tanimura, Leslie K.; Avery, David R.; Hennon, David Kent, 1933-; Nelson, Charles L.; Sadove, A. Michael; Branca, Ronald A.
This investigation served as a follow-up of the unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate patients who underwent primary alveolar bone grafting at James Whitcomb Riley Hospital of the Indiana University Medical Center. The sample consisted of 18 patients, 15 males and three females, who received primary alveolar grafts between September 7, 1983 and March 5, 1985. Thirteen had complete unilateral clefts, and five had complete bilateral clefts of the lip and palate. The mean age of the group was 8 years, and none had received orthodontic treatment. The statistical analysis of the lateral cephalometric radiographs revealed significant differences in maxillofacial growth between the Riley sample population and the non-cleft, age-matched patients in the University of Michigan Growth Study. The Riley data were, overall, statistically and proportionately smaller than the normal population. These findings are due to the smaller skeletal size of the Riley group. Arch symmetry measurements indicated that at 8 years of age there were significant differences from ideal or perfect symmetry. Due to existent dental development and scarring from the palatal procedure, these findings were expected. Ideal symmetry may not be a realistic achievement for the cleft patients. Palatal surface area values were visually analyzed through graphs. The growth patterns of the Riley population were similar to those of the normal and non-grafted cleft groups in a study from the University of Miami. The data supports the theory that primary alveolar bone grafting, as performed at James Whitcomb Riley Hospital, does not result in growth attenuation.
A socioeconomic correlation of oral disease in six to thirty-six month old children
(1980) Weddell, James A. (James Arthur), 1949-; Avery, David R.; Beiswanger, Bradley B.; Gish, Charles W., 1923-; Hennon, David Kent, 1933-; Koerber, Leonard G.; Klein, Arthur Irving, 1922-2004; Vargus, Brian
A survey of 441 children between the ages of 6 and 36 months, born and reared with a fluoridated water supply, revealed dental caries in 2.5 percent of those 6 to 17 months of age, 9.1 percent of those 18 to 23 months of age, and in 38.7 percent of the children 24 to 26 months of age. No significant differences were found in defs and deft relative to sex, race, or socioeconomic status. Caries prevalence is affected by method of feeding; children who had prolonged bottle-feeding (more than 15 months) had significantly increased caries. In 299 Caucasian children, gingivitis was present in 13.2 percent of those 6 to 17 months of age, 33.9 percent of those 18 to 23 months of age, and in 38.5 percent 24 to 36 months of age. There was little difference in the severity of the gingivitis, although significant difference in the frequency of gingivitis was demonstrated. The prevalence of gingivitis increased with age. Young children with dental caries also showed an increased prevalence of gingivitis. The presence of gingivitis, the presence of dental caries, and the absence of professional dental care in these young children all illustrate the necessity for prevention and treatment of oral disease in children under 36 months of age.
Vitamin - Fluoride supplements: effect on dental caries and fluorosis in sub-optimum fluoride areas
(1975) Hennon, David Kent, 1933-; Roche, James R., 1924-; El-Kafrawy, Abdel Hady, 1935-; Bixler, David; Katz, Simon, 1920-1987; Standish, S. Miles, 1923-2003; Mitchell, David F.
This study was designed to determine if additional fluoride, ingested as a sodium fluoride - vitamin supplement would provide added protection against dental caries without causing any significant fluorosis. A total of 456 children, one to 14 months of age, residing in cities having 0.6 - 0. 8 ppm F in the water supply were randomly assigned according to age, sex and community to the following groups : Group A, 0. 5 mg F to age 3 then 1. 0 mg thereafter; Group B (control), vitamins throughout the study; and Group C, 0.5 mg F throughout the study. Dental examinations were started at approximately 2 1/2 to 3 years of age and were repeated every six months. A fluorosis examination ended the study after about seven years. When compared according to length of time on product, Group A had a significant reduction in deft and defs of 42.2 and 47.1 percent at 60 months. Group C had a 32.1 and 37.4 percent reduction. When compared by age, Group A had a 37.5 and 44.8 percent reduction in deft and defs at 66 months. Group C had a 34.3 and 40.1 percent reduction for the same period. No significant reductions were observed in permanent teeth. Based on the fluorosis index (Group A - 0.250; Group B - 0.033; and Group C - 0.188) none of the groups had any unacceptable amounts of fluorosis. The results indicate that up to 1.0 mg per day of additional fluoride does not cause objectionable fluorosis and may be ingested safely by children residing in areas containing 0. 6 - 0. 8 ppm F in the water supply. A 0.5 mg F supplement was almost as effective as a 1.0 mg level in providing added protection against dental caries in primary teeth.

Browsing by Author "Hennon, David Kent, 1933-"

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