- Browse by Author
Browsing by Author "Head, Katharine J."
Now showing 1 - 10 of 42
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item A National Survey of Obstetrician/Gynecologists' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs Regarding Adult Human Papillomavirus Vaccination(Mary Ann Liebert, 2021) Kasting, Monica L.; Head, Katharine J.; DeMaria, Andrea L.; Neuman, Monica K.; Russell, Allissa L.; Robertson, Sharon E.; Rouse, Caroline E.; Zimet, Gregory D.; Communication Studies, School of Liberal ArtsBackground: Many women see an obstetrician/gynecologist (OB/GYN) annually and receive their primary care from an OB/GYN. Understanding OB/GYNs' human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination practices, including knowledge of and barriers to vaccination, is essential to design effective interventions to increase vaccination. This study evaluated OB/GYN knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding vaccinating both younger (18-26 years) and mid-adult (27-45 years) women. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from OB/GYN providers in October 2019 through a nationwide web-based survey. Items included the following: HPV-related vaccination practices, recommendation strength, knowledge (seven items), benefits (four items), and barriers (eight items). Results: The sample (n = 224) was majority were White (69%), men (56%), and practice in suburban clinics (55%). Most (84%) reported they usually or always recommend HPV vaccine to eligible patients, but estimated only about half (51%) of other OB/GYNs did the same. Recommendation strength varied by patient age with 84% strongly recommending it to patients ≤18 years, compared with 79% and 25% strongly recommending to younger and mid-adult patients, respectively (p < 0.01). Participants reported lower benefits (p = 0.007) and higher barriers (p < 0.001) for 27- to 45-year-old patients compared with younger patients. Cost was the most frequently reported barrier, regardless of patient age. Overall knowledge was high (m = 5.2/7) but 33% of participants did not know the vaccine was safe while breastfeeding. Conclusions: Although providers reported strongly and consistently recommending the HPV vaccination to their adult patients, there were gaps in knowledge and attitudinal barriers that need to be addressed. Provider performance feedback may be important in improving HPV vaccination awareness among providers.Item Are Health Care Professionals Prepared to Implement Human Papillomavirus Testing? A Review of Psychosocial Determinants of Human Papillomavirus Test Acceptability in Primary Cervical Cancer Screening(Liebert, 2020-03) Tatar, Ovidiu; Wade, Kristina; McBride, Emily; Thompson, Erika; Head, Katharine J.; Perez, Samara; Shapiro, Gilla K.; Waller, Jo; Zimet, Gregory; Rosberger, Zeev; Communication Studies, School of Liberal ArtsBackground: Guidelines for cervical cancer screening have been updated to include human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, which is more sensitive compared to cytology in detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Because of its increased sensitivity, a negative HPV test is more reassuring for a woman that she is at low risk for precancerous cervical lesions than a negative Pap test. Prompted by the inadequate translation of HPV test-based screening guidelines into practice, we aimed to synthesize the literature regarding health care providers (HCPs) knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to HPV testing and the influence of psychosocial factors on HCPs acceptability of HPV testing in primary cervical cancer screening. Materials and Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Global Health, and Web of Science for journal articles from January 1, 1980 to July 25, 2018. A narrative synthesis of HCPs knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to HPV testing is provided. Informed by the Patient Pathway framework, we used deductive thematic analysis to synthesize the influence of psychosocial factors on HCPs acceptability of HPV testing. Results: The most important HCP knowledge gaps are related to the superior sensitivity of the HPV test and age-specific guideline recommendations for HPV testing. Thirty to fifty percent of HCPs are not compliant with guideline recommendations for HPV testing, for example, screening at shorter intervals than recommended. Barriers, facilitators, and contradictory evidence of HCPs' acceptability of the HPV test are grouped by category: (1) factors related to the HCP; (2) patient intrinsic factors; (3) factors corresponding to HCP's practice environment; and (4) health care system factors. Conclusions: HCP's adherence to guidelines for HPV testing in cervical cancer screening is suboptimal and could be improved by specialty organizations ensuring consistency across guidelines. Targeted educational interventions to address barriers of HPV test acceptability identified in this review may facilitate the translation of HPV testing recommendations into practice.Item Asian American women's perspectives on donating healthy breast tissue: implications for recruitment methods and messaging(2016-12) Ridley-Merriweather, Katherine E.; Parrish-Sprowl, John; Bute, Jennifer J.; Head, Katharine J.Asian women have a lower risk than Caucasians, African Americans, and Latinas of developing breast cancer (BC). Yet, once Asians move to the U.S. their risk rates measurably increase. The Susan G. Komen® Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center (KTB), the only biobank of its kind in the world, collects healthy breast tissue from women of all racial groups to use as controls in BC research. The KTB represents a critical tool in efforts to treat and prevent BC; however, Asian American (AA) women display marked reticence towards donating tissue to the KTB. The purpose of this study is to use the basic components of Grounded Practical Theory to explore potential messaging that may result in AAs’ more positive outlook on breast tissue donation. This study recruited seventeen (N=17) AA women to share their perspectives on donating breast tissue for research purposes. Participants took part in an interactive focus group exploring potential messaging for successfully recruiting AA women to the KTB study. Findings revealed that: a) participants retained a culturally-embedded discomfort with donating, and a general distrust that their donation would be handled ethically and appropriately; b) the women possessed an extraordinary need for knowledge about all facets of the donation process; c) participants perceived that they lack a personal connection to BC, making it difficult for them to generate any truly altruistic tendencies to perform the desired behavior, or to understand a need to do so; and d) they possess a strong desire to learn why it seems important to the KTB to collect their tissue, and especially about the increased BC rates and risk for Asians who move to or are born in the U.S. The findings from this study have important implications for others who work in applied clinical settings and are interested in addressing racial disparities in medical research through more effective and targeted recruitment messaging.Item Assessing the Mental Health of Student-Athletes(2024-08) Barnes, Jordan Ann; Brann, Maria; Head, Katharine J.; Parrish-Sprowl, JohnMental health has become a major topic of discussion in recent years. Open conversations about one’s mental well-being have become a new norm. That said, there has been a rapid spike in the declining mental well-being of student-athletes at the collegiate level. Professionals urge those involved with athletes to act to improve their overall well-being. Despite the grave concern, there has still been little action taken towards bettering the mental health of athletes. Most existing studies have focused on the collegiate coach-athlete relationship and the athletic performance of athletes rather than the psychological health of athletes. One factor that may affect athletes’ relationships and mental health is how well communication is enacted. To address this gap, 77 current student athletes were surveyed to assess their communication satisfaction, coach confirmation, and mental well-being. Results from Pearson’s correlations demonstrated a relationship between communication satisfaction and reported mental health scores; however, there was no significant correlation found between confirmation and reported mental health scores. This suggests that communication satisfaction can affect student-athletes’ mental well-being, but there may also be other factors that have more of a significant effect than confirmation on the reported mental health of student-athletes. Future research should explore other potential contributing factors.Item Association between patient characteristics and HPV vaccination recommendation for postpartum patients: A national survey of Obstetrician/Gynecologists(Elsevier, 2022-04-20) Lake, Paige W.; Head, Katharine J.; Christy, Shannon M.; DeMaria, Andrea L.; Thompson, Erika L.; Vadaparampil, Susan T.; Zimet, Gregory D.; Kasting, Monica L.; Communication Studies, School of Liberal ArtsHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates in the U.S. are relatively low. Provider recommendation rates for HPV vaccination often vary by patient age and relationship status. Obstetrician/gynecologists (OB/GYNs) represent a key provider group that can recommend the HPV vaccine. This study examined differences in OB/GYN recommendation of HPV vaccination for inpatient postpartum patients by age, parity, and marital status. Data were collected from OB/GYNs nationally via a cross-sectional survey. Participants were randomized to two vignette groups (23-year-old patient or 33-year-old patient). Within each group, participants received 4 vignettes that were identical except for patient marital status (married/not in a committed relationship) and number of children (first/third child), and were asked to indicate HPV vaccination recommendation likelihood on a scale of 0 (definitely would not) to 100 (definitely would). A 2 × 2 × 2 general linear model with repeated measures was used to examine main and interaction effects of patient age, relationship status, and parity. 207 OB/GYNs were included in the final analyses. Recommendation was high for 23-year-old patients (range: 64.5-84.6 out of 100). When marital status and parity were held constant, recommendation likelihood was higher for the younger vs. older patient and was also higher for patients not in a committed relationship, compared to married patients (all p-values < 0.001). Differences in recommendation exist when considering age and relationship status, which provides insight into OB/GYN clinical decision-making. Findings highlight the need to address barriers to HPV vaccination recommendation, including awareness of risk factors to consider when recommending the vaccine.Item Associations between HPV vaccination among women and their 11–14-year-old children(Taylor & Francis, 2019-01-07) Kornides, Melanie; Head, Katharine J.; Feemster, Kristen; Zimet, Gregory D.; Panozzo, Catherine A.; Pediatrics, School of MedicineThe human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been available in the United States for over a decade. We sought to examine the associations between self-reported receipt of HPV vaccination among women and their 11–14-year-old children in 27 low-coverage states. Among the 3,261 mothers we surveyed, 18% reported receiving ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine. A significantly higher proportion of vaccinated women reported vaccination of their children compared to unvaccinated women (83% vs. 56%, p < .001). In multivariable logistic regression, vaccinated women (vs. unvaccinated) had 3.58 (95% CI: 2.81–4.56) times the adjusted-odds of vaccinating their children (≥1 dose HPV vaccine). Among unvaccinated children, vaccinated mothers (vs. unvaccinated) had 3.32 (95% CI: 2.09–5.26) times the adjusted odds of high intention to vaccinate their children in the next 12 months. We did not observe associations between mothers’ vaccination confidence and their vaccination status. We conclude that mothers who received ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine may be more likely to initiate or highly intend to initiate the HPV vaccine series for their children. This may have important implications for meeting population goals for HPV vaccination coverage as an increasing proportion of mothers are likely to be vaccinated over time.Item County-Level Factors Associated With Influenza and COVID-19 Vaccination in Indiana, 2020‒2022(American Public Health Association, 2024) Kasting, Monica L.; Laily, Alfu; Burney, Heather N.; Head, Katharine J.; Daggy, Joanne K.; Zimet, Gregory D.; Schwab-Reese, Laura M.; Biostatistics and Health Data Science, School of MedicineObjectives: To assess COVID-19 and influenza vaccination rates across Indiana’s 92 counties and identify county-level factors associated with vaccination. Methods: We analyzed county-level data on adult COVID-19 vaccination from the Indiana vaccine registry and 2021 adult influenza vaccination from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We used multiple linear regression (MLR) to determine county-level predictors of vaccinations. Results: COVID-19 vaccination ranged from 31.2% to 87.6% (mean = 58.0%); influenza vaccination ranged from 33.7% to 53.1% (mean = 42.9%). In MLR, COVID-19 vaccination was significantly associated with primary care providers per capita (b = 0.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.02, 0.05), median household income (b = 0.23; 95% CI = 0.12, 0.34), percentage Medicare enrollees with a mammogram (b = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.08, 0.51), percentage uninsured (b = −1.22; 95% CI = −1.57, −0.87), percentage African American (b = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.19, 0.42), percentage female (b = −0.97; 95% CI = −1.79, ‒0.15), and percentage who smoke (b = −0.75; 95% CI = −1.26, −0.23). Influenza vaccination was significantly associated with percentage uninsured (b = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.22, 1.21), percentage African American (b = −0.07; 95% CI = −0.13, −0.01), percentage Hispanic (b = −0.28; 95% CI = −0.40, −0.17), percentage who smoke (b = −0.85; 95% CI = −1.06, −0.64), and percentage who completed high school (b = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.21, 0.87). The MLR models explained 86.7% (COVID-19) and 70.2% (influenza) of the variance. Conclusions: Factors associated with COVID-19 and influenza vaccinations varied. Variables reflecting access to care (e.g., insurance) and higher risk of severe disease (e.g., smoking) are notable. Programs to improve access and target high-risk populations may improve vaccination rates.Item COVID-19 vaccine behaviors and intentions among a national sample of United States adults ages 18–45(Elsevier, 2022) Brownstein, Naomi C.; Reddy, Harika; Whiting, Junmin; Kasting, Monica L.; Head, Katharine J.; Vadaparampil, Susan T.; Giuliano, Anna R.; Gwede, Clement K.; Meade, Cathy D.; Christy, Shannon M.; Communication Studies, School of Liberal ArtsBackground: Vaccination for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 illness, is an important public health tool to reduce hospitalizations and deaths. Purpose: This report focuses on intentions and behaviors related to COVID-19 vaccination among United States (U.S.) adults ages 18-45. Methods: From February 25-March 24, 2021, we conducted an online survey assessing COVID-19 vaccine intentions and behaviors, health beliefs, vaccine attitudes, and sociodemographic characteristics. Participants were adults aged 18-45, living throughout the U.S. with oversampling in Florida, panelists of a research panel company directly or via verified partners, and able to read, write, and understand English. Associations between COVID-19 vaccination uptake, intentions, and other study variables were examined through multivariable logistic and proportional odds regression analyses. Results: Among participants in the final analytic sample (n = 2722), 18% reported having received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. Approximately 31% of unvaccinated participants reported strong intentions to receive a COVID-19 vaccine in the next year, whereas 35% reported strong intentions to receive a COVID-19 vaccine if it were strongly recommended by a healthcare provider. All COVID-19 vaccination outcomes were associated with male gender, sexual minority status, higher levels of education, and previous influenza vaccination. All vaccination intention outcomes were associated with vaccine attitudes and geographic region. Vaccination status and intentions were differentially associated with multiple additional sociodemographic, attitudinal, and/or healthcare experience variables. Conclusions: Several demographic variables, vaccine attitudes, and healthcare experiences were found to contribute to COVID-19 vaccine receipt and intentions. Targeted efforts are necessary to increase uptake of the vaccine in the U.S.Item The Development and Psychometric Testing of an Inventory to Measure Health-Focused Perceived Family Support and Communication Behaviors with Chronic Disease Patients: A Three-Phase Study(2019-06) Harsin, Amanda M.; Brann, Maria; Head, Katharine J.; Bute, Jennifer J.; Rawl, Susan M.Hospitals and policymakers acknowledge the importance of the family in improved healthcare outcomes. Although there has been an increase in policies and research to bring families into planning, delivery, and evaluation of healthcare, there has not been a means to assess health-focused perceived support and communication behaviors. Without a means of assessing these factors, healthcare professionals cannot succinctly evaluate support and communication in a family system or provide recommendations for engaging family members in providing beneficial health-focused support and communication. This study involved the creation of the Inventory for Family Health-Focused Perceived Support and Communication Behaviors (Family HF-PSCB). Informed by family systems theory, social support literature, and health communication behaviors research, this three-phase study consisted of (a) generating items for the Family HF-PSCB, (b) establishing test-retest reliability, and (c) establishing a factor structure and convergent validity. Because of the increase of chronic disease in the United States, the Family HF-PSCB was created and tested with samples of individuals having chronic disease(s). Using a mixed methods approach, in-depth interviews with 12 participants generated 91 items for psychometric analysis. These items were tested through expert content review, and in pilot testing (n = 23), the remaining 84 items demonstrated test- retest and internal reliability. Through factor analysis (n = 209), two factors emerged to explain 72.1% of the variance. The final Family HF-PSCB contains 13 items, which indicates an individual’s perception of family health-focused support and communication behaviors. The factor explaining 63.2% of the variance has 8 items demonstrating healthfocused communication behaviors, and the second factor has 5 items demonstrating health-focused instrumental support. The developed scale suggests that family healthfocused communication behaviors may be a more explanatory variable in the family system for someone with chronic disease(s). The 13-item Family HF-PSCB demonstrates convergent validity through significant correlations with the Perceived Social Support Family Scale and the General Functioning Scale of the McMaster Family Assessment Device. Future studies should explore the correlation of the Family HF-PSCB with health outcomes attributed to symptom management in populations of chronic disease patients.Item Development of a Theory-Informed Patient Decision Aid to Facilitate Consent to Genetic Testing in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(2024-05) Higley, Keeley; Head, Katharine J.; Brann, Maria; Bute, Jennifer J.Genetic testing is an essential diagnostic tool in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) that can shorten infants’ stays, improve accuracy and effectiveness of medical care, and overall improve quality of life. However, there are challenges involved in the process of recommending life-saving and care-changing genetic testing in the NICU, including parental concerns around issues of paternity, guardians’ decisional anxiety, low health literacy, limited understanding of genetic testing, and receiving conflicting information from different healthcare providers. These challenges are exacerbated by the urgency guardians face in the NICU; guardians’ first exposure to genetic testing often occurs immediately before they are asked to decline or consent to it while in an extremely emotional state and fraught environment, creating a sense of urgency that affects decision-making. Current patient-provider communication practices in the NICU could benefit from improved, streamlined communication tools to help guardians make thoughtful decisions about genetic testing for their hospitalized infants. One potential strategy to streamline communication about genetic testing in the NICU is incorporating self-determination theory into patient decision aids. A series of three iterative interview rounds with NICU guardians and new guardians of infants younger than three years old were conducted. Following each round of interviews, recordings were transcribed, and feedback from participants was used to revise a patient decision aid guided by self-determination theory. After completing all three rounds of interviews and revisions, thematic analysis was conducted on all transcribed interviews to identify salient themes to NICU genetic testing decision-making. The final version of the patient decision aid developed from this study will serve as a starting point for integrating this important tool into the NICU.