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Browsing by Author "He, Li"
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Item Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Carrying Sphingolipid Cargo for the Diagnosis and Dynamic Risk Profiling of Alcoholic Hepatitis(Wolters Kluwer, 2021) Sehrawat, Tejasav S.; Arab, Juan P.; Liu, Mengfei; Amrollahi, Pouya; Wan, Meihua; Fan, Jia; Nakao, Yasuhiko; Pose, Elisa; Navarro-Corcuera, Amaia; Dasgupta, Debanjali; Liao, Chieh-Yu; He, Li; Mauer, Amy S.; Avitabile, Emma; Ventura-Cots, Meritxell; Bataller, Ramon A.; Sanyal, Arun J.; Chalasani, Naga P.; Heimbach, Julie K.; Watt, Kymberly D.; Gores, Gregory J.; Gines, Pere; Kamath, Patrick S.; Simonetto, Douglas A.; Hu, Tony Y.; Shah, Vijay H.; Malhi, Harmeet; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground and aims: Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is diagnosed by clinical criteria, although several objective scores facilitate risk stratification. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as biomarkers for many diseases and are also implicated in the pathogenesis of AH. Therefore, we investigated whether plasma EV concentration and sphingolipid cargo could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for AH and inform prognosis to permit dynamic risk profiling of AH subjects. Approach and results: EVs were isolated and quantified from plasma samples from healthy controls, heavy drinkers, and subjects with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) attributed to cholestatic liver diseases and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, decompensated alcohol-associated cirrhosis (AC), and AH. Sphingolipids were quantified by tandem mass spectroscopy. The median plasma EV concentration was significantly higher in AH subjects (5.38 × 1011 /mL) compared to healthy controls (4.38 × 1010 /mL; P < 0.0001), heavy drinkers (1.28 × 1011 /mL; P < 0.0001), ESLD (5.35 × 1010 /mL; P < 0.0001), and decompensated AC (9.2 × 1010 /mL; P < 0.0001) disease controls. Among AH subjects, EV concentration correlated with Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score. When EV counts were dichotomized at the median, survival probability for AH subjects at 90 days was 63.0% in the high-EV group and 90.0% in the low-EV group (log-rank P value = 0.015). Interestingly, EV sphingolipid cargo was significantly enriched in AH when compared to healthy controls, heavy drinkers, ESLD, and decompensated AC (P = 0.0001). Multiple sphingolipids demonstrated good diagnostic and prognostic performance as biomarkers for AH. Conclusions: Circulating EV concentration and sphingolipid cargo signature can be used in the diagnosis and differentiation of AH from heavy drinkers, decompensated AC, and other etiologies of ESLD and predict 90-day survival permitting dynamic risk profiling.Item NOVEL INTERACTION TECHNIQUES FOR COLLABORATING ON WALL-SIZED DISPLAYS.(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2012-04-13) Chattopadhyay, Debaleena; He, Li; Jia, Yuan; Bolchini, DavidePerforming and collaborating on information-intensive tasks - like review-ing and analyzing multiple charts - is an essential, but currently difficult, ac-tivity in desktop environments. The problem is the low resolution of the dis-play that forces users to visualize only few pieces of information concurrent-ly, and to switch focus very frequently. To facilitate productivity and collabo-rative decision-making, teams of users are increasingly adopting wall-sized interactive displays. Yet, to harness the full potential of these devices, it is critical to understand how to best support inter-member cognition and navi-gation in such large information spaces. To navigate information, the wall-display’s overwhelming size (often 18 X 6 feet) make existing desktop-driven interaction and organization techniques (like “point-and-click” and “taskbar”) extremely inefficient. Also, with time, users get exhausted walk-ing to reach different elements spread over the wall-display. Moreover, being aware of the collaborative events happening around the display, while work-ing on it, often exceeds users’ cognitive capacity. To address these limita-tions, we are investigating four novel interaction techniques for wall-display user experiences. “Timeline” allows browsing large collections of elements over time, while or after collaborative work; “Cabinet” supports temporary storage and effortless retrieval of displayed elements; “Magnet” enables us-ers to virtually reach remote objects on the wall display; “In-focus” allows facilitated and non-intrusive awareness of members’ interaction. We are planning to prototype and evaluate these techniques using off-the-shelf in-put modalities such as multi-touch gesture and mid-air gesture, as well as software and wall-sized displays made available by the University Infor-mation Technology Services (UITS) at IUPUI. In our evaluation with users, we hypothesize that, with respect to desktop interaction techniques, the proposed techniques will increase efficiency in navigation and information organization tasks, reduce perceived cognitive load, while at the same time engender better collaboration and decision-making.Item Personal Informatics and Reflection: A Critical Examination of the Nature of Reflection(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2013-04-05) Pirzadeh, Afarin; He, Li; Stolterman, ErikPersonal informatics systems that help people both collect and reflect on various kinds of personal information are growing rapidly. Despite the importance of journaling and the main role it has in tracking one’s personal growth, a limited number of studies have examined journaling in the area of personal informatics in detail. In this paper, we critically examine the process of reflection on experiences, thoughts and evolving insights through a qualitative research study. We also present the design research process we conducted to develop the Wandering Mind as a support tool to help individuals record and reflect on their experiences.