Browsing by Author "Haunert, Laura"

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    Cancer‐related knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors among Hispanic/Latino residents of Indiana
    (Wiley, 2023) Espinoza-Gutarra, Manuel R.; Rawl, Susan M.; Maupome, Gerardo; O'Leary, Heather A.; Valenzuela, Robin E.; Malloy, Caeli; Golzarri-Arroyo, Lilian; Parker, Erik; Haunert, Laura; Haggstrom, David A.
    Background: Cancer is the leading cause of death for Hispanics in the USA. Screening and prevention reduce cancer morbidity and mortality. Methods: This study administered a cross‐sectional web‐based survey to self‐identified Hispanic residents in the state of Indiana to assess their cancer‐related knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors, as well as to identify what factors might be associated with cancer screening and prevention. Chi‐square and Fisher's exact test were used to compare associations and logistic regression used to develop both univariate and multivariate regression models. Results: A total of 1520 surveys were completed, median age of respondents was 53, 52% identified as men, 50.9% completed the survey in Spanish, and 60.4% identified the USA as their country of birth. Most were not able to accurately identify ages to begin screening for breast, colorectal, or lung cancer, and there were significant differences in cancer knowledge by education level. US‐born individuals with higher income and education more often believed they were likely to develop cancer and worry about getting cancer. Sixty eight percent of respondents were up‐to‐date with colorectal, 44% with breast, and 61% with cervical cancer screening. Multivariate models showed that higher education, lack of fatalism, older age, lower household income, and unmarried status were associated with cervical cancer screening adherence. Conclusions: Among a Hispanic population in the state of Indiana, factors associated with cervical cancer screening adherence were similar to the general population, with the exceptions of income and marital status. Younger Hispanic individuals were more likely to be adherent with breast and colorectal cancer screening, and given the higher incidence of cancer among older individuals, these results should guide future research and targeted outreach.
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    Factors Associated with Cancer Prevention/Risk Reduction Behaviors among Latinos in Indiana
    (Research Square, 2022-08-06) Rawl, Susan M.; Maupome, Gerardo; Golzarri-Arroyo, Lillian; Parker, Erik; O’Leary, Heather A.; Espinoza-Gutarra, Manuel R.; Valenzuela, Robin E.; Malloy, Caeli; Haunert, Laura; Haggstrom, David A.
    Purpose: Improving understanding of behaviors that increase or reduce cancer risk for different Hispanic groups is a public health priority; such knowledge is sparse in new gateway immigration locations such as Indiana. The aims of this study were to: 1) describe cancer beliefs and cancer preventive/risk reduction behaviors (physical activity, tobacco, and alcohol use) among Hispanic adults; 2) examine differences in cancer beliefs and preventive behaviors by country of birth, socioeconomic status, and area of residence (urban vs. rural); and 3) determine predictors of engagement in cancer prevention and risk reduction behaviors in this population. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey targeted adult Indiana residents who identified as Latino, Hispanic, or Spanish recruited using Facebook-targeted advertising. Complete survey data from 1520 respondents were analyzed using descriptive, unadjusted, and adjusted models. Results: The majority of respondents believed they were unlikely to get cancer but held many other fatalistic beliefs about cancer. Only 35.6% of respondents had received the HPV vaccine, 37.6% reported they were currently smoking cigarettes, and 64% reported occasional or frequent drinking of alcohol. Respondents spent an average of 3.55 days per week engaged in moderate exercise. Differences were observed by country of birth, income, and education but not by rural residence status. Predictors of cancer risk/risk reduction behaviors were identified. Conclusion: The Hispanic population in Indiana is diverse and effective interventions for cancer prevention should be culturally targeted based on country of birth and individually tailored based on cancer-related beliefs.
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    Partnering to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening: Perspectives of Community Advisory Board Members
    (Sage, 2021-10) Rawl, Susan M.; Bailey, Sandra; Cork, Beatrice; Fields, Matthew; Griffin, Thomas; Haunert, Laura; Kline, Judy; Krier, Connie; Lagunes, Juan; Lambert, Ruth L.; Malloy, Caeli; Quick, Jack; Shedd-Steele, Rivienne; Strom, Sylvia; Carter-Harris, Lisa; School of Nursing
    The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) defines engagement in research as the meaningful involvement of patients, caregivers, clinicians, insurers, and others throughout the entire research process – from planning, to conducting the study, to disseminating study results. The purposes of this paper are to: 1) describe methods used to engage community members across the various phases of a PCORI-funded comparative effectiveness trial to increase colorectal cancer screening; and 2) report results of qualitative and quantitative evaluations of community advisory board members’ experiences on this project. Decisions to join and stay engaged with the study included feeling valued and appreciated, being compensated, the opportunity to contribute to research based on their skills and expertise, and being committed to colon cancer prevention efforts. Challenges identified by advisory board members included the significant time commitment, transportation, and meeting location. Lessons learned and guidance for researchers committed to patient and community engagement are described.
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    Patient Navigation Plus Tailored Digital Video Disc Increases Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Low-Income and Minority Patients Who Did Not Attend a Scheduled Screening Colonoscopy: A Randomized Trial
    (Oxford University Press, 2024) Rawl, Susan M.; Perkins, Susan M.; Tong, Yan; Katz, Mira L.; Carter-Bawa, Lisa; Imperiale, Thomas F.; Schwartz, Peter H.; Fatima, Hala; Krier, Connie; Tharp, Kevin; Shedd-Steele, Rivienne; Magnarella, Mark; Malloy, Caeli; Haunert, Laura; Gebregziabher, Netsanet; Paskett, Electra D.; Champion, Victoria; School of Nursing
    Background: Up to 50% of people scheduled for screening colonoscopy do not complete this test and no studies have focused on minority and low-income populations. Interventions are needed to improve colorectal cancer (CRC) screening knowledge, reduce barriers, and provide alternative screening options. Patient navigation (PN) and tailored interventions increase CRC screening uptake, however there is limited information comparing their effectiveness or the effect of combining them. Purpose: Compare the effectiveness of two interventions to increase CRC screening among minority and low-income individuals who did not attend their screening colonoscopy appointment-a mailed tailored digital video disc (DVD) alone versus the mailed DVD plus telephone-based PN compared to usual care. Methods: Patients (n = 371) aged 45-75 years at average risk for CRC who did not attend a screening colonoscopy appointment were enrolled and were randomized to: (i) a mailed tailored DVD; (ii) the mailed DVD plus phone-based PN; or (iii) usual care. CRC screening outcomes were from electronic medical records at 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to study intervention effects. Results: Participants randomized to tailored DVD plus PN were four times more likely to complete CRC screening compared to usual care and almost two and a half times more likely than those who were sent the DVD alone. Conclusions: Combining telephone-based PN with a mailed, tailored DVD increased CRC screening among low-income and minority patients who did not attend their screening colonoscopy appointments and has potential for wide dissemination.