Browsing by Author "Hampe, Christiane S."

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    Elevated unmethylated and methylated insulin DNA are unique markers of A + β + ketosis prone diabetes
    (Elsevier, 2017) Mulukutla, Surya N.; Tersey, Sarah A.; Hampe, Christiane S.; Mirmira, Raghavendra G.; Balasubramanyam, Ashok; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    A + β + ketosis prone diabetes (KPD) is associated with slowly progressive autoimmune beta cell destruction. Plasma unmethylated and methylated insulin DNA (biomarkers of ongoing beta cell damage and systemic inflammation, respectively) were elevated in A + β + KPD compared to all other KPD subgroups.
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    Islet Autoimmunity is Highly Prevalent and Associated With Diminished β-Cell Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the Grade Study
    (American Diabetes Association, 2022-01-21) Brooks-Worrell, Barbara; Hampe, Christiane S.; Hattery, Erica G.; Palomino, Brenda; Zangeneh, Sahar Z.; Utzschneider, Kristina; Kahn, Steven E.; Larkin, Mary E.; Johnson, Mary L.; Mather, Kieren J.; Younes, Naji; Rasouli, Neda; Desouza, Cyrus; Cohen, Robert M.; Park, Jean Y.; Florez, Hermes J.; Valencia, Willy Marcos; GRADE β-cell Ancillary Study Network; Shojaie, Ali; Palmer, Jerry P.; Balasubramanyam, Ashok; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Islet autoimmunity may contribute to β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Its prevalence and clinical significance have not been rigorously determined. In this ancillary study to the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes-A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) Study, we investigated the prevalence of cellular and humoral islet autoimmunity in patients with T2D duration 4·0±3·0 y, HbA1c 7·5±0·5% on metformin alone. We measured T cell autoreactivity against islet proteins, islet autoantibodies against GAD65, IA2, ZnT8, and β-cell function. Cellular islet autoimmunity was present in 41·3%, humoral islet autoimmunity in 13·5%, and both in 5·3%. β-cell function calculated as iAUC-CG and ΔC-peptide(0- 30)/Δglucose(0-30) from an oral glucose tolerance test was lower among T cell-positives (T+) than T cell-negatives (T-) using two different adjustments for insulin sensitivity (iAUC-CG: 13·2% [95% CI 0·3, 24·4%] or 11·4% [95% CI 0·4, 21·2%] lower; ΔC-peptide(0-30)/Δglucose(0-30)) 19% [95% CI 3·1, 32·3%] or 17·7% [95% CI 2·6, 30·5%] lower). T+ patients had 17% higher HbA1c (95% CI 0·07, 0·28) and 7·7 mg/dL higher fasting plasma glucose levels (95% CI 0·2,15·3) than T- patients. We conclude that islet autoimmunity is much more prevalent in T2D patients than previously reported. T cell-mediated autoimmunity is associated with diminished β-cell function and worse glycemic control.