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Item Brain-age prediction: Systematic evaluation of site effects, and sample age range and size(Wiley, 2024) Yu, Yuetong; Cui, Hao-Qi; Haas, Shalaila S.; New, Faye; Sanford, Nicole; Yu, Kevin; Zhan, Denghuang; Yang, Guoyuan; Gao, Jia-Hong; Wei, Dongtao; Qiu, Jiang; Banaj, Nerisa; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Breier, Alan; Brodaty, Henry; Buckner, Randy L.; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Cannon, Dara M.; Caseras, Xavier; Clark, Vincent P.; Conrod, Patricia J.; Crivello, Fabrice; Crone, Eveline A.; Dannlowski, Udo; Davey, Christopher G.; de Haan, Lieuwe; de Zubicaray, Greig I.; Di Giorgio, Annabella; Fisch, Lukas; Fisher, Simon E.; Franke, Barbara; Glahn, David C.; Grotegerd, Dominik; Gruber, Oliver; Gur, Raquel E.; Gur, Ruben C.; Hahn, Tim; Harrison, Ben J.; Hatton, Sean; Hickie, Ian B.; Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E.; Jamieson, Alec J.; Jernigan, Terry L.; Jiang, Jiyang; Kalnin, Andrew J.; Kang, Sim; Kochan, Nicole A.; Kraus, Anna; Lagopoulos, Jim; Lazaro, Luisa; McDonald, Brenna C.; McDonald, Colm; McMahon, Katie L.; Mwangi, Benson; Piras, Fabrizio; Rodriguez-Cruces, Raul; Royer, Jessica; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Satterthwaite, Theodore D.; Saykin, Andrew J.; Schumann, Gunter; Sevaggi, Pierluigi; Smoller, Jordan W.; Soares, Jair C.; Spalletta, Gianfranco; Tamnes, Christian K.; Trollor, Julian N.; Van't Ent, Dennis; Vecchio, Daniela; Walter, Henrik; Wang, Yang; Weber, Bernd; Wen, Wei; Wierenga, Lara M.; Williams, Steven C. R.; Wu, Mon-Ju; Zunta-Soares, Giovana B.; Bernhardt, Boris; Thompson, Paul; Frangou, Sophia; Ge, Ruiyang; ENIGMA-Lifespan Working Group; Psychiatry, School of MedicineStructural neuroimaging data have been used to compute an estimate of the biological age of the brain (brain-age) which has been associated with other biologically and behaviorally meaningful measures of brain development and aging. The ongoing research interest in brain-age has highlighted the need for robust and publicly available brain-age models pre-trained on data from large samples of healthy individuals. To address this need we have previously released a developmental brain-age model. Here we expand this work to develop, empirically validate, and disseminate a pre-trained brain-age model to cover most of the human lifespan. To achieve this, we selected the best-performing model after systematically examining the impact of seven site harmonization strategies, age range, and sample size on brain-age prediction in a discovery sample of brain morphometric measures from 35,683 healthy individuals (age range: 5-90 years; 53.59% female). The pre-trained models were tested for cross-dataset generalizability in an independent sample comprising 2101 healthy individuals (age range: 8-80 years; 55.35% female) and for longitudinal consistency in a further sample comprising 377 healthy individuals (age range: 9-25 years; 49.87% female). This empirical examination yielded the following findings: (1) the accuracy of age prediction from morphometry data was higher when no site harmonization was applied; (2) dividing the discovery sample into two age-bins (5-40 and 40-90 years) provided a better balance between model accuracy and explained age variance than other alternatives; (3) model accuracy for brain-age prediction plateaued at a sample size exceeding 1600 participants. These findings have been incorporated into CentileBrain (https://centilebrain.org/#/brainAGE2), an open-science, web-based platform for individualized neuroimaging metrics.Item Characterisation of age and polarity at onset in bipolar disorder(Cambridge University Press, 2021-12) Kalman, Janos L.; Olde Loohuis, Loes M.; Vreeker, Annabel; McQuillin, Andrew; Stahl, Eli A.; Ruderfer, Douglas; Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, Maria; Panagiotaropoulou, Georgia; Ripke, Stephan; Bigdeli, Tim B.; Stein, Frederike; Meller, Tina; Meinert, Susanne; Pelin, Helena; Streit, Fabian; Papiol, Sergi; Adams, Mark J.; Adolfsson, Rolf; Adorjan, Kristina; Agartz, Ingrid; Aminoff, Sofie R.; Anderson-Schmidt, Heike; Andreassen, Ole A.; Ardau, Raffaella; Aubry, Jean-Michel; Balaban, Ceylan; Bass, Nicholas; Baune, Bernhard T.; Bellivier, Frank; Benabarre, Antoni; Bengesser, Susanne; Berrettini, Wade H.; Boks, Marco P.; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Brosch, Katharina; Budde, Monika; Byerley, William; Cervantes, Pablo; Chillotti, Catina; Cichon, Sven; Clark, Scott R.; Comes, Ashley L.; Corvin, Aiden; Coryell, William; Craddock, Nick; Craig, David W.; Croarkin, Paul E.; Cruceanu, Cristiana; Czerski, Piotr M.; Dalkner, Nina; Dannlowski, Udo; Degenhardt, Franziska; Del Zompo, Maria; DePaulo, J. Raymond; Djurovic, Srdjan; Edenberg, Howard J.; Al Eissa, Mariam; Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn; Etain, Bruno; Fanous, Ayman H.; Fellendorf, Frederike; Fiorentino, Alessia; Forstner, Andreas J.; Frye, Mark A.; Fullerton, Janice M.; Gade, Katrin; Garnham, Julie; Gershon, Elliot; Gill, Michael; Goes, Fernando S.; Gordon-Smith, Katherine; Grof, Paul; Guzman-Parra, Jose; Hahn, Tim; Hasler, Roland; Heilbronner, Maria; Heilbronner, Urs; Jamain, Stephane; Jimenez, Esther; Jones, Ian; Jones, Lisa; Jonsson, Lina; Kahn, Rene S.; Kelsoe, John R.; Kennedy, James L.; Kircher, Tilo; Kirov, George; Kittel-Schneider, Sarah; Klöhn-Saghatolislam, Farah; Knowles, James A.; Kranz, Thorsten M.; Lagerberg, Trine Vik; Landen, Mikael; Lawson, William B.; Leboyer, Marion; Li, Qingqin S.; Maj, Mario; Malaspina, Dolores; Manchia, Mirko; Mayoral, Fermin; McElroy, Susan L.; McInnis, Melvin G.; McIntosh, Andrew M.; Medeiros, Helena; Melle, Ingrid; Milanova, Vihra; Mitchell, Philip B.; Monteleone, Palmiero; Monteleone, Alessio Maria; Nöthen, Markus M.; Novak, Tomas; Nurnberger, John I.; O'Brien, Niamh; O'Connell, Kevin S.; O'Donovan, Claire; O'Donovan, Michael C.; Opel, Nils; Ortiz, Abigail; Owen, Michael J.; Pålsson, Erik; Pato, Carlos; Pato, Michele T.; Pawlak, Joanna; Pfarr, Julia-Katharina; Pisanu, Claudia; Potash, James B.; Rapaport, Mark H.; Reich-Erkelenz, Daniela; Reif, Andreas; Reininghaus, Eva; Repple, Jonathan; Richard-Lepouriel, Hélène; Rietschel, Marcella; Ringwald, Kai; Roberts, Gloria; Rouleau, Guy; Schaupp, Sabrina; Scheftner, William A.; Schmitt, Simon; Schofield, Peter R.; Schubert, K. Oliver; Schulte, Eva C.; Schweizer, Barbara; Senner, Fanny; Severino, Giovanni; Sharp, Sally; Slaney, Claire; Smeland, Olav B.; Sobell, Janet L.; Squassina, Alessio; Stopkova, Pavla; Strauss, John; Tortorella, Alfonso; Turecki, Gustavo; Twarowska-Hauser, Joanna; Veldic, Marin; Vieta, Eduard; Vincent, John B.; Xu, Wei; Zai, Clement C.; Zandi, Peter P.; Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) Bipolar Disorder Working Group; International Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLiGen); Colombia-US Cross Disorder Collaboration in Psychiatric Genetics; Di Florio, Arianna; Smoller, Jordan W.; Biernacka, Joanna M.; McMahon, Francis J.; Alda, Martin; Müller-Myhsok, Bertram; Koutsouleris, Nikolaos; Falkai, Peter; Freimer, Nelson B.; Andlauer, Till F.M.; Schulze, Thomas G.; Ophoff, Roel A.; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of MedicineBackground: Studying phenotypic and genetic characteristics of age at onset (AAO) and polarity at onset (PAO) in bipolar disorder can provide new insights into disease pathology and facilitate the development of screening tools. Aims: To examine the genetic architecture of AAO and PAO and their association with bipolar disorder disease characteristics. Method: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and polygenic score (PGS) analyses of AAO (n = 12 977) and PAO (n = 6773) were conducted in patients with bipolar disorder from 34 cohorts and a replication sample (n = 2237). The association of onset with disease characteristics was investigated in two of these cohorts. Results: Earlier AAO was associated with a higher probability of psychotic symptoms, suicidality, lower educational attainment, not living together and fewer episodes. Depressive onset correlated with suicidality and manic onset correlated with delusions and manic episodes. Systematic differences in AAO between cohorts and continents of origin were observed. This was also reflected in single-nucleotide variant-based heritability estimates, with higher heritabilities for stricter onset definitions. Increased PGS for autism spectrum disorder (β = -0.34 years, s.e. = 0.08), major depression (β = -0.34 years, s.e. = 0.08), schizophrenia (β = -0.39 years, s.e. = 0.08), and educational attainment (β = -0.31 years, s.e. = 0.08) were associated with an earlier AAO. The AAO GWAS identified one significant locus, but this finding did not replicate. Neither GWAS nor PGS analyses yielded significant associations with PAO. Conclusions: AAO and PAO are associated with indicators of bipolar disorder severity. Individuals with an earlier onset show an increased polygenic liability for a broad spectrum of psychiatric traits. Systematic differences in AAO across cohorts, continents and phenotype definitions introduce significant heterogeneity, affecting analyses.Item Cortical thickness across the lifespan: Data from 17,075 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years(Wiley, 2022-01) Frangou, Sophia; Modabbernia, Amirhossein; Williams, Steven C.R.; Papachristou, Efstathios; Doucet, Gaelle E.; Agartz, Ingrid; Aghajani, Moji; Akudjedu, Theophilus N.; Albajes-Eizagirre, Anton; Alnæs, Dag; Alpert, Kathryn I.; Andersson, Micael; Andreasen, Nancy C.; Andreassen, Ole A.; Asherson, Philip; Banaschewski, Tobias; Bargallo, Nuria; Baumeister, Sarah; Baur-Streubel, Ramona; Bertolino, Alessandro; Bonvino, Aurora; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Borgwardt, Stefan; Bourque, Josiane; Brandeis, Daniel; Breier, Alan; Brodaty, Henry; Brouwer, Rachel M.; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Busatto, Geraldo F.; Buckner, Randy L.; Calhoun, Vincent; Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J.; Cannon, Dara M.; Caseras, Xavier; Castellanos, Francisco X.; Cervenka, Simon; Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany M.; Ching, Christopher R.K.; Chubar, Victoria; Clark, Vincent P.; Conrod, Patricia; Conzelmann, Annette; Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto; Crivello, Fabrice; Crone, Eveline A.; Dale, Anders M.; Dannlowski, Udo; Davey, Christopher; de Geus, Eco J.C.; de Haan, Lieuwe; de Zubicaray, Greig I.; den Braber, Anouk; Dickie, Erin W.; Di Giorgio, Annabella; Doan, Nhat Trung; Dørum, Erlend S.; Ehrlich, Stefan; Erk, Susanne; Espeseth, Thomas; Fatouros-Bergman, Helena; Fisher, Simon E.; Fouche, Jean-Paul; Franke, Barbara; Frodl, Thomas; Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola; Glahn, David C.; Gotlib, Ian H.; Grabe, Hans-Jörgen; Grimm, Oliver; Groenewold, Nynke A.; Grotegerd, Dominik; Gruber, Oliver; Gruner, Patricia; Gur, Rachel E.; Gur, Ruben C.; Hahn, Tim; Harrison, Ben J.; Hartman, Catharine A.; Hatton, Sean N.; Heinz, Andreas; Heslenfeld, Dirk J.; Hibar, Derrek P.; Hickie, Ian B.; Ho, Beng-Choon; Hoekstra, Pieter J.; Hohmann, Sarah; Holmes, Avram J.; Hoogman, Martine; Hosten, Norbert; Howells, Fleur M.; Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E.; Huyser, Chaim; Jahanshad, Neda; James, Anthony; Jernigan, Terry L.; Jiang, Jiyang; Jönsson, Erik G.; Joska, John A.; Kahn, Rene; Kalnin, Andrew; Kanai, Ryota; Klein, Marieke; Klyushnik, Tatyana P.; Koenders, Laura; Koops, Sanne; Krämer, Bernd; Kuntsi, Jonna; Lagopoulos, Jim; Lázaro, Luisa; Lebedeva, Irina; Lee, Won Hee; Lesch, Klaus-Peter; Lochner, Christine; Machielsen, Marise W.J.; Maingault, Sophie; Martin, Nicholas G.; Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio; Mataix-Cols, David; Mazoyer, Bernard; McDonald, Colm; McDonald, Brenna C.; McIntosh, Andrew M.; McMahon, Katie L.; McPhilemy, Genevieve; Meinert, Susanne; Menchón, José M.; Medland, Sarah E.; Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas; Naaijen, Jilly; Najt, Pablo; Nakao, Tomohiro; Nordvik, Jan E.; Nyberg, Lars; Oosterlaan, Jaap; Ortiz-García de la Foz, Víctor; Paloyelis, Yannis; Pauli, Paul; Pergola, Giulio; Pomarol-Clotet, Edith; Portella, Maria J.; Potkin, Steven G.; Radua, Joaquim; Reif, Andreas; Rinker, Daniel A.; Roffman, Joshua L.; Rosa, Pedro G.P.; Sacchet, Matthew D.; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Salvador, Raymond; Sánchez-Juan, Pascual; Sarró, Salvador; Satterthwaite, Theodore D.; Saykin, Andrew J.; Serpa, Mauricio H.; Schmaal, Lianne; Schnell, Knut; Schumann, Gunter; Sim, Kang; Smoller, Jordan W.; Sommer, Iris; Soriano-Mas, Carles; Stein, Dan J.; Strike, Lachlan T.; Swagerman, Suzanne C.; Tamnes, Christian K.; Temmingh, Henk S.; Thomopoulos, Sophia I.; Tomyshev, Alexander S.; Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana; Trollor, Julian N.; Turner, Jessica A.; Uhlmann, Anne; van den Heuvel, Odile A.; van den Meer, Dennis; van der Wee, Nic J.A.; van Haren, Neeltje E.M.; van't Ent, Dennis; van Erp, Theo G.M.; Veer, Ilya M.; Veltman, Dick J.; Voineskos, Aristotle; Völzke, Henry; Walter, Henrik; Walton, Esther; Wang, Lei; Wang, Yang; Wassink, Thomas H.; Weber, Bernd; Wen, Wei; West, John D.; Westlye, Lars T.; Whalley, Heather; Wierenga, Lara M.; Wittfeld, Katharina; Wolf, Daniel H.; Worker, Amanda; Wright, Margaret J.; Yang, Kun; Yoncheva, Yulyia; Zanetti, Marcus V.; Ziegler, Georg C.; Karolinska Schizophrenia Project (KaSP); Thompson, Paul M.; Dima, Danai; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of MedicineDelineating the association of age and cortical thickness in healthy individuals is critical given the association of cortical thickness with cognition and behavior. Previous research has shown that robust estimates of the association between age and brain morphometry require large-scale studies. In response, we used cross-sectional data from 17,075 individuals aged 3-90 years from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to infer age-related changes in cortical thickness. We used fractional polynomial (FP) regression to quantify the association between age and cortical thickness, and we computed normalized growth centiles using the parametric Lambda, Mu, and Sigma method. Interindividual variability was estimated using meta-analysis and one-way analysis of variance. For most regions, their highest cortical thickness value was observed in childhood. Age and cortical thickness showed a negative association; the slope was steeper up to the third decade of life and more gradual thereafter; notable exceptions to this general pattern were entorhinal, temporopolar, and anterior cingulate cortices. Interindividual variability was largest in temporal and frontal regions across the lifespan. Age and its FP combinations explained up to 59% variance in cortical thickness. These results may form the basis of further investigation on normative deviation in cortical thickness and its significance for behavioral and cognitive outcomes.Item Fine-mapping genomic loci refines bipolar disorder risk genes(medRxiv, 2024-02-13) Koromina, Maria; Ravi, Ashvin; Panagiotaropoulou, Georgia; Schilder, Brian M.; Humphrey, Jack; Braun, Alice; Bidgeli, Tim; Chatzinakos, Chris; Coombes, Brandon; Kim, Jaeyoung; Liu, Xiaoxi; Terao, Chikashi; O'Connell, Kevin S.; Adams, Mark; Adolfsson, Rolf; Alda, Martin; Alfredsson, Lars; Andlauer, Till F. M.; Andreassen, Ole A.; Antoniou, Anastasia; Baune, Bernhard T.; Bengesser, Susanne; Biernacka, Joanna; Boehnke, Michael; Bosch, Rosa; Cairns, Murray; Carr, Vaughan J.; Casas, Miquel; Catts, Stanley; Cichon, Sven; Corvin, Aiden; Craddock, Nicholas; Dafnas, Konstantinos; Dalkner, Nina; Dannlowski, Udo; Degenhardt, Franziska; Di Florio, Arianna; Dikeos, Dimitris; Fellendorf, Frederike Tabea; Ferentinos, Panagiotis; Forstner, Andreas J.; Forty, Liz; Frye, Mark; Fullerton, Janice M.; Gawlik, Micha; Gizer, Ian R.; Gordon-Smith, Katherine; Green, Melissa J.; Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, Maria; Guzman-Parra, José; Hahn, Tim; Henskens, Frans; Hillert, Jan; Jablensky, Assen V.; Jones, Lisa; Jones, Ian; Jonsson, Lina; Kelsoe, John R.; Kircher, Tilo; Kirov, George; Kittel-Schneider, Sarah; Kogevinas, Manolis; Landén, Mikael; Leboyer, Marion; Lenger, Melanie; Lissowska, Jolanta; Lochner, Christine; Loughland, Carmel; MacIntyre, Donald; Martin, Nicholas G.; Maratou, Eirini; Mathews, Carol A.; Mayoral, Fermin; McElroy, Susan L.; McGregor, Nathaniel W.; McIntosh, Andrew; McQuillin, Andrew; Michie, Patricia; Milanova, Vihra; Mitchell, Philip B.; Moutsatsou, Paraskevi; Mowry, Bryan; Müller-Myhsok, Bertram; Myers, Richard; Nenadić, Igor; Nöthen, Markus M.; O'Donovan, Claire; O'Donovan, Michael; Ophoff, Roel A.; Owen, Michael J.; Pantelis, Chris; Pato, Carlos; Pato, Michele T.; Patrinos, George P.; Pawlak, Joanna M.; Perlis, Roy H.; Porichi, Evgenia; Posthuma, Danielle; Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni; Reif, Andreas; Reininghaus, Eva Z.; Ribasés, Marta; Rietschel, Marcella; Schall, Ulrich; Schulze, Thomas G.; Scott, Laura; Scott, Rodney J.; Serretti, Alessandro; Shannon Weickert, Cynthia; Smoller, Jordan W.; Soler Artigas, Maria; Stein, Dan J.; Streit, Fabian; Toma, Claudio; Tooney, Paul; Vieta, Eduard; Vincent, John B.; Waldman, Irwin D.; Weickert, Thomas; Witt, Stephanie H.; Hong, Kyung Sue; Ikeda, Masashi; Iwata, Nakao; Świątkowska, Beata; Won, Hong-Hee; Edenberg, Howard J.; Ripke, Stephan; Raj, Towfique; Coleman, Jonathan R. I.; Mullins, Niamh; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of MedicineBipolar disorder (BD) is a heritable mental illness with complex etiology. While the largest published genome-wide association study identified 64 BD risk loci, the causal SNPs and genes within these loci remain unknown. We applied a suite of statistical and functional fine-mapping methods to these loci, and prioritized 22 likely causal SNPs for BD. We mapped these SNPs to genes, and investigated their likely functional consequences by integrating variant annotations, brain cell-type epigenomic annotations, brain quantitative trait loci, and results from rare variant exome sequencing in BD. Convergent lines of evidence supported the roles of SCN2A, TRANK1, DCLK3, INSYN2B, SYNE1, THSD7A, CACNA1B, TUBBP5, PLCB3, PRDX5, KCNK4, AP001453.3, TRPT1, FKBP2, DNAJC4, RASGRP1, FURIN, FES, YWHAE, DPH1, GSDMB, MED24, THRA, EEF1A2, and KCNQ2 in BD. These represent promising candidates for functional experiments to understand biological mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Additionally, we demonstrated that fine-mapping effect sizes can improve performance and transferability of BD polygenic risk scores across ancestrally diverse populations, and present a high-throughput fine-mapping pipeline (https://github.com/mkoromina/SAFFARI).Item Subcortical volumes across the lifespan: Data from 18,605 healthy individuals aged 3–90 years(Wiley, 2022) Dima, Danai; Modabbernia, Amirhossein; Papachristou, Efstathios; Doucet, Gaelle E.; Agartz, Ingrid; Aghajani, Moji; Akudjedu, Theophilus N.; Albajes-Eizagirre, Anton; Alnæs, Dag; Alpert, Kathryn I.; Andersson, Micael; Andreasen, Nancy C.; Andreassen, Ole A.; Asherson, Philip; Banaschewski, Tobias; Bargallo, Nuria; Baumeister, Sarah; Baur-Streubel, Ramona; Bertolino, Alessandro; Bonvino, Aurora; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Borgwardt, Stefan; Bourque, Josiane; Brandeis, Daniel; Breier, Alan; Brodaty, Henry; Brouwer, Rachel M.; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Busatto, Geraldo F.; Buckner, Randy L.; Calhoun, Vincent; Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J.; Cannon, Dara M.; Caseras, Xavier; Castellanos, Francisco X.; Cervenka, Simon; Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany M.; Ching, Christopher R.K.; Chubar, Victoria; Clark, Vincent P.; Conrod, Patricia; Conzelmann, Annette; Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto; Crivello, Fabrice; Crone, Eveline A.; Dannlowski, Udo; Dale, Anders M.; Davey, Christopher; de Geus, Eco J.C.; de Haan, Lieuwe; de Zubicaray, Greig I.; den Braber, Anouk; Dickie, Erin W.; Di Giorgio, Annabella; Doan, Nhat Trung; Dørum, Erlend S.; Ehrlich, Stefan; Erk, Susanne; Espeseth, Thomas; Fatouros-Bergman, Helena; Fisher, Simon E.; Fouche, Jean-Paul; Franke, Barbara; Frodl, Thomas; Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola; Glahn, David C.; Gotlib, Ian H.; Grabe, Hans-Jörgen; Grimm, Oliver; Groenewold, Nynke A.; Grotegerd, Dominik; Gruber, Oliver; Gruner, Patricia; Gur, Rachel E.; Gur, Ruben C.; Hahn, Tim; Harrison, Ben J.; Hartman, Catharine A.; Hatton, Sean N.; Heinz, Andreas; Heslenfeld, Dirk J.; Hibar, Derrek P.; Hickie, Ian B.; Ho, Beng-Choon; Hoekstra, Pieter J.; Hohmann, Sarah; Holmes, Avram J.; Hoogman, Martine; Hosten, Norbert; Howells, Fleur M.; Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E.; Huyser, Chaim; Jahanshad, Neda; James, Anthony; Jernigan, Terry L.; Jiang, Jiyang; Jönsson, Erik G.; Joska, John A.; Kahn, Rene; Kalnin, Andrew; Kanai, Ryota; Klein, Marieke; Klyushnik, Tatyana P.; Koenders, Laura; Koops, Sanne; Krämer, Bernd; Kuntsi, Jonna; Lagopoulos, Jim; Lázaro, Luisa; Lebedeva, Irina; Lee, Won Hee; Lesch, Klaus-Peter; Lochner, Christine; Machielsen, Marise W.J.; Maingault, Sophie; Martin, Nicholas G.; Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio; Mataix-Cols, David; Mazoyer, Bernard; McDonald, Colm; McDonald, Brenna C.; McIntosh, Andrew M.; McMahon, Katie L.; McPhilemy, Genevieve; Menchón, José M.; Medland, Sarah E.; Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas; Naaijen, Jilly; Najt, Pablo; Nakao, Tomohiro; Meinert, Susanne; Nordvik, Jan E.; Nyberg, Lars; Oosterlaan, Jaap; Ortiz-García de la Foz, Víctor; Paloyelis, Yannis; Pauli, Paul; Pergola, Giulio; Pomarol-Clotet, Edith; Portella, Maria J.; Potkin, Steven G.; Radua, Joaquim; Reif, Andreas; Rinker, Daniel A.; Roffman, Joshua L.; Rosa, Pedro G.P.; Sacchet, Matthew D.; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Salvador, Raymond; Sánchez-Juan, Pascual; Sarró, Salvador; Satterthwaite, Theodore D.; Saykin, Andrew J.; Serpa, Mauricio H.; Schmaal, Lianne; Schnell, Knut; Schumann, Gunter; Sim, Kang; Smoller, Jordan W.; Sommer, Iris; Soriano-Mas, Carles; Stein, Dan J.; Strike, Lachlan T.; Swagerman, Suzanne C.; Tamnes, Christian K.; Temmingh, Henk S.; Thomopoulos, Sophia I.; Tomyshev, Alexander S.; Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana; Trollor, Julian N.; Turner, Jessica A.; Uhlmann, Anne; van den Heuvel, Odile A.; van den Meer, Dennis; van der Wee, Nic J.A.; van Haren, Neeltje E.M.; van't Ent, Dennis; van Erp, Theo G.M.; Veer, Ilya M.; Veltman, Dick J.; Voineskos, Aristotle; Völzke, Henry; Walter, Henrik; Walton, Esther; Wang, Lei; Wang, Yang; Wassink, Thomas H.; Weber, Bernd; Wen, Wei; West, John D.; Westlye, Lars T.; Whalley, Heather; Wierenga, Lara M.; Williams, Steven C.R.; Wittfeld, Katharina; Wolf, Daniel H.; Worker, Amanda; Wright, Margaret J.; Yang, Kun; Yoncheva, Yulyia; Zanetti, Marcus V.; Ziegler, Georg C.; Thompson, Paul M.; Frangou, Sophia; Karolinska Schizophrenia Project (KaSP); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of MedicineAge has a major effect on brain volume. However, the normative studies available are constrained by small sample sizes, restricted age coverage and significant methodological variability. These limitations introduce inconsistencies and may obscure or distort the lifespan trajectories of brain morphometry. In response, we capitalized on the resources of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to examine age-related trajectories inferred from cross-sectional measures of the ventricles, the basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens), the thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala using magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from 18,605 individuals aged 3-90 years. All subcortical structure volumes were at their maximum value early in life. The volume of the basal ganglia showed a monotonic negative association with age thereafter; there was no significant association between age and the volumes of the thalamus, amygdala and the hippocampus (with some degree of decline in thalamus) until the sixth decade of life after which they also showed a steep negative association with age. The lateral ventricles showed continuous enlargement throughout the lifespan. Age was positively associated with inter-individual variability in the hippocampus and amygdala and the lateral ventricles. These results were robust to potential confounders and could be used to examine the functional significance of deviations from typical age-related morphometric patterns.