Browsing by Author "Foley, William A., Jr."

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    “After a finding of Noncompliance, What?!”
    (2017) Bean, Andrew; Shields, Katelyn; Baker, Allen; Ayers, Natasha; Barnhart, Sarah; Beck, Darcy; Brooks, Willie E.; Cherpas, Melissa; Cooper, Quintin; Plummer, Heather; Rai, Punam; Russ, Kelly; Foley, William A., Jr.
    Treaties have long been the cornerstones of international relations. They can be seen as one of the sole mechanisms to formalize agreements between sovereign states. In principle, these agreements are legally binding. In practice, the result is less certain. Issues ranging from the how the country views itself on the international stage to the specific treaty terms and enforcement mechanisms can all effect prospects for compliance. What is certain is the disruption and uncertainty that noncompliance causes. If not addressed, a treaty’s utility will eventually erode to the point where the agreement has no force. Other countries would also perceive little value in treaty ratification if compliance cannot be sufficiently verified. This report focuses on current issues of noncompliance with Russia, Syria, Iran, and North. Korea. Key themes arise across these cases and point to specific factors that impact treaty compliance. The report distills these key themes into general and case-specific recommendations for bringing a country back from noncompliance.
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    Developing a Systematic Pandemic Influenza Program for Preparing a State
    (Taylor and Francis, 2012) Foley, William A., Jr.
    From a planning perspective, this chapter discusses how to effectively mitigate the spread of an extensive viral infection on a large scale, which requires timely, sen-sible and highly sound planning. The focus is on state level planning under the federal model for developing good operational plans. The chapter clarifies termi-nology, as “epidemic” rather than “pandemic,” as the preferred term for a local or state response. However, after that is explained, “pandemic,” which is the common and more frequently used name and in the chapter’s title, is referenced thereaf-ter in quotation marks. Post the introduction, this study presents a brief history of “pandemic influenza,” how a state prepares to develop a plan, agreements and trigger points which must be decided, the planning process itself, the operational plan with its important template for local use, and conclusions. Tracing a common operating picture from the federal, to the state, and to the city/county levels for “pandemic influenza,” planning is the first theme. How to incorporate continuity of government and continuity of operations into a plan, in the face of a rapidly spreading “pandemic,” is the second one. Last, how to deliver from the state to the county level, one workable document called an Operational Plan (OPLAN) with a county template for local use, is the last theme. That template gives counties a “pandemic influenza” model for planning that is the same as states and regions use, which they can directly apply locally. Thus this planning process saves lives during a “pandemic.”
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    Developing Maintenance Cultures in UN Police Peacekeeping Operations
    (2017) Wamer, Will; Farnworth, Morgan; Hartnett, Brendan; Foley, William A., Jr.; Cutler, Jordan; Davids, Allison; Diaz, Camen; Hall, Hannah; Howell, Stephen; Kiilu, Joshua; Klinger, Kelsey; Laucevicius, Rachell; Taake, Tatyana
    This report provides an analysis and evaluation of maintenance cultures in United Nations Police Contributing Countries (PCC) receiving funding for Formed Police Units from the United States. The US Department of State, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) recognized a marked lack of research on maintenance cultures in police agencies receiving foreign funding and sought to build a base of knowledge to aid in creating and sustaining maintenance cultures within these organizations. The INL also requested analysis and evaluation of maintenance cultures in five specific African PCCs (Cameroon, Ghana, Rwanda, Senegal, and Togo), as well as recommendations to create and sustain maintenance cultures specific to these countries. By establishing effective maintenance cultures, INL seeks to ensure that equipment purchased with funding from the United States will operate effectively throughout the manufacturer's estimated life-span
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    Developing Maintenance Cultures in UN Police Peacekeeping Operations
    (2017) Warner, Will; Farnworth, Morgan; Hartnett, Brendan; Foley, William A., Jr.; Cutler, Jordan; Davids, Allison; Diaz, Carmen; Hall, Hannah; Howell, Stephen; Kiilu, Joshua; Klingler, Kelsey; Laucevicius, Rachell; Taake, Tatyana
    This report provides an analysis and evaluation of maintenance cultures in United Nations Police Contributing Countries (PCC) receiving funding for Formed Police Units from the United States. The US Department of State, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) recognized a marked lack of research on maintenance cultures in police agencies receiving foreign funding and sought to build a base of knowledge to aid in creating and sustaining maintenance cultures within these organizations. The INL also requested analysis and evaluation of maintenance cultures in five specific African PCCs (Cameroon, Ghana, Rwanda, Senegal, and Togo), as well as recommendations to create and sustain maintenance cultures specific to these countries. By establishing effective maintenance cultures, INL seeks to ensure that equipment purchased with funding from the United States will operate effectively throughout the manufacturer's estimated life-span.
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    Evaluating U.S. Security Assistance in the Middle East and North Africa
    (2016-12-16) Horner, Amanda; Enciso, Danny; Guenthenspberger, Brian; Owens, Christina; Cholewa, Alsksander; Meyer, Evan; Johnson, Lauren; Rice, Angela; Sinadinos, Alison; Toma, Sam; Gruwell, Abbie; Paquet, Staci; Dubbs, Dakota; Shelton, Denise; Smith, David; Foley, William A., Jr.
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    Federal Policing Structures - Mexico and Comparisons, ID: DipLab1927216
    (2019-12-17) Anderson, Cortney; Ichita, Maurice; Palmer, Alexandria; Kuglarz, Jordyn; Clemens, Zach; Miller, David; Powers, Terry; Zagone, Danielle; Hamernik, Madison; Keller, John; Conway, Scott; Rosas, Selena; Tate, Angela; Foley, William A., Jr.
    This report examines Mexico’s drug and police culture while analyzing police cultures in similarly organized countries. Drugs and cartels have a long and violent history within Mexico and the problem is spilling over the border into the United States. With corrupt and insufficiently trained police forces, the ability to effectively fight the drug war is extremely limited. Both the United States and Mexico have worked together to try to combat these connected issues, but more needs to be done. Key recommendations were found by analyzing the bipartite structures in Brazil and South Africa with a focus on Armenia. These recommendations include the following: - Prioritize the interests of the people - Standardized training - Distinguish a disciplinary authority to investigate human rights violations - Practice community-based policing using well-trained officers - Senior National Guard positions not to be reserved for friends of political appointees - Improve communication and information sharing - U.S. Technology and systems recommendations - Appoint a cabinet level Drug Czar * Limitations to this research include the use of only online materials and database articles and journals.
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    Homeland Security, Emergency Management and Public Administration: Travels Across the Safety, Security and Academic Spectrum
    (2008-09) Foley, William A., Jr.
    This continues a brief examination of what homeland security is and also a quick look at how it works on a national scale. Where it is located on a spectrum of studies and subjects involved in United States safety and security is also examined as is a look at homeland as an emerging discipline. Lastly, where it should reside in the academy is discussed and what kinds of programs it should offer are described. Additionally a model is provided to show how to establish a homeland security program and why homeland security as a subject is of great merit to the national discussion of the twenty-first century and her values.
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    Measuring the Effect of USCG Port Security Advisory Notices On Trade and Port Security Procedures
    (United States Department of State, Diplomacy Laboratory Program, 2016) Galbraith, Amanda; Miller, Erin; Turbeville, Shane; Kim, Christopher; Begay, Matthew; Sanchez, Marisela; Franklin, Wayne; Massoth, Jake; Rimmel, Janel; Teal, Sydney; Foley, William A., Jr.
    Overview: The United States Coast Guard’s International Port Security (IPS) Program is the primary port security assessment office and was established in 2003 as part of the U.S. Maritime Transportation Security Act (MTSA) to reduce risks to U.S. ports and ships, and to the entire maritime transport system. Through the assessment of International Ship and Port Facility Security Code implementation and other measures in foreign ports, the International Port Security Program can determine whether or not there is a reasonable and acceptable level of port security at any given foreign port. This report is comprised of qualitative and quantitative research along with two case studies that compare and contrast two countries and/or ports that either succeeded or failed in complying with this program and received a Port Security Advisory (PSA). Hypothesis: Port Security Advisories (PSA) are issued when a port does not meet the International Port Security Program code. They are an instrument to build and sustain port security practices and improvements. PSAs can give standard regulations for those who use ports in compliance with a PSA as well as create maritime security protocols for other countries that do not have strong port standards. As for the economic impacts, there can be both positive and negative factors depending on the country and the situation. However, we hypothesize that overall, PSAs do not significantly influence a country’s volume of trade. Due to non-compliant countries in reporting, there is no discernable method for tracking or ensuring restrictions. Methodology: We will observe quantitative measures of trade to identify negative impacts associated with the issuance of PSAs. We will also look at quantitative data to identify positive impacts associated with PSAs. We will be using USCG’s HOMEPORT website to identify the PSAs and use COMTRADE to examine trade both before and after a PSA was issued. Trade will be compared to similar countries, those which have not received a PSA. Lastly, we will go over local and regional factors and determine what is currently working and what needs to be improved. Conclusions: Our conclusion is that as a system the PSA process is not necessary an influence on trade. There may be correlations between countries with PSAs issued and changes in trade but there are a myriad of other factors that can impact this making the current methodology less than definitive. There also may be certain countries and/or ports where the correlation appears stronger (See Case Study #1); but overall, our conclusion is that PSAs have a negligible impact on a country receiving them in influencing their volume of trade.
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    The New Frontier, American Business and the Economy
    (Oxford University Press, 2013) Foley, William A., Jr.