Browsing by Author "Evans, Daniel"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Meta-Analysis of Genomewide Association Studies Reveals Genetic Variants for Hip Bone Geometry
    (Wiley, 2019-07) Hsu, Yi-Hsiang; Estrada, Karol; Evangelou, Evangelos; Ackert-Bicknell, Cheryl; Akesson, Kristina; Beck, Thomas; Brown, Suzanne J.; Capellini, Terence; Carbone, Laura; Cauley, Jane; Cheung, Ching-Lung; Cummings, Steven R.; Czerwinski, Stefan; Demissie, Serkalem; Econs, Michael; Evans, Daniel; Farber, Charles; Gautvik, Kaare; Harris, Tamara; Kammerer, Candace; Kemp, John; Koller, Daniel L.; Kung, Annie; Lawlor, Debbie; Lee, Miryoung; Lorentzon, Mattias; McGuigan, Fiona; Medina-Gomez, Carolina; Mitchell, Braxton; Newman, Anne; Nielson, Carrie; Ohlsson, Claes; Peacock, Munro; Reppe, Sjur; Richards, J. Brent; Robbins, John; Sigurdsson, Gunnar; Spector, Timothy D.; Stefansson, Kari; Streeten, Elizabeth; Styrkarsdottir, Unnur; Tobias, Jonathan; Trajanoska, Katerina; Uitterlinden, André; Vandenput, Liesbeth; Wilson, Scott G.; Yerges-Armstrong, Laura; Young, Mariel; Zillikens, Carola; Rivadeneira, Fernando; Kiel, Douglas P.; Karasik, David; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Hip geometry is an important predictor of fracture. We performed a meta-analysis of GWAS studies in adults to identify genetic variants that are associated with proximal femur geometry phenotypes. We analyzed four phenotypes: (i) femoral neck length; (ii) neck-shaft angle; (iii) femoral neck width, and (iv) femoral neck section modulus, estimated from DXA scans using algorithms of hip structure analysis. In the Discovery stage, 10 cohort studies were included in the fixed-effect meta-analysis, with up to 18,719 men and women ages 16 to 93 years. Association analyses were performed with ∼2.5 million polymorphisms under an additive model adjusted for age, body mass index, and height. Replication analyses of meta-GWAS significant loci (at adjusted genomewide significance [GWS], threshold p ≤ 2.6 × 10-8 ) were performed in seven additional cohorts in silico. We looked up SNPs associated in our analysis, for association with height, bone mineral density (BMD), and fracture. In meta-analysis (combined Discovery and Replication stages), GWS associations were found at 5p15 (IRX1 and ADAMTS16); 5q35 near FGFR4; at 12p11 (in CCDC91); 11q13 (near LRP5 and PPP6R3 (rs7102273)). Several hip geometry signals overlapped with BMD, including LRP5 (chr. 11). Chr. 11 SNP rs7102273 was associated with any-type fracture (p = 7.5 × 10-5 ). We used bone transcriptome data and discovered several significant eQTLs, including rs7102273 and PPP6R3 expression (p = 0.0007), and rs6556301 (intergenic, chr.5 near FGFR4) and PDLIM7 expression (p = 0.005). In conclusion, we found associations between several genes and hip geometry measures that explained 12% to 22% of heritability at different sites. The results provide a defined set of genes related to biological pathways relevant to BMD and etiology of bone fragility.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Painless loss of vision: rapid diagnosis of a central retinal artery occlusion utilizing point-of-care ultrasound
    (Oxford University Press, 2021-06-18) Taylor, Gregory M.; Evans, Daniel; Doggette, Robert P.; Wallace, Ryan C.; Flack, Andrew T.; Kennedy, Sarah K.; Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine
    Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has become an essential part of the evaluation of vision loss among emergency physicians in the emergency department (ED). It is frequently used to evaluate for vitreous hemorrhage, foreign bodies, retinal detachment, optic neuritis and posterior vitreous detachment; however, it can also be used to evaluate for a central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). A POCUS can reveal a hyperechoic density in the optic nerve sheath just proximal to the retinal surface, and this is referred to as a retrobulbar 'spot sign' (RBSS). We present the case of an 88-year-old male that presented to our community ED with a painless loss of vision to his right eye. A POCUS revealed an RBSS of the central retinal artery and he was subsequently diagnosed with a CRAO. At his 1-month follow-up, he has regained light perception and 15% of his vision, however, remains with significant visual impairment.