Browsing by Author "Edwards, George E."
Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Applicability of the One Country, Two Systems Hong Kong Model to Taiwan: Will Hong Kong's Post-Reversion Autonomy, Accountability, and Human Rights Record Discourage Taiwan's Reunification with the People's Republic of China(1997) Edwards, George E.From Hong Kong's perspective, there is not "One Country, Two Systems," but perhaps "One Country, One and One-Half Systems" (with emphasis on the "One Country"). The Mainland's authoritarian, non-democratic sys- tem is creeping across the border, diluting Hong Kong's more liberal system that China promised would remain intact. Though Taiwan has not embraced the "One Country, Two Systems" model, it has not ruled out a reunification, under modified terms. Therefore, Taiwan is closely studying the Hong Kong reversion, assess- ing carefully the experiment's "success" or lack thereof, particularly as the definition of "success" differs, based on one's perspective. Does the Hong Kong model, as applied, remain inappropriate to Taiwan? What lessons are to be learned from Hong Kong's perception that the model has failed? Should Taiwan harbour skepticism? Should Taiwan distrust the PRC's ability or willingness to honour any Taiwan bargain? Part II of this paper will define the "One Country, Two Systems" model? Part III will address Taiwan's arguments that significant differ- ences exist between Hong Kong and Taiwan to render the "One Coun- try, Two Systems" model inapplicable to Taiwan.4 Part IV will focus on the PRC's contention that the "One Country, Two Systems" model as applied to Hong Kong has been a "success."' Part V will discuss how the "One Country, Two Systems" model as applied to Hong Kong has failed from a Hong Kong perspective. Part VI concludes that the "One Country, Two Systems" model as applied to Hong Kong will prove inadequate for Taiwan. Taiwan's history, geography, and political realities render the model unsuitable for Taiwan.Item Assessing the Effectiveness of Human Rights Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) from the Birth of the United Nations to the 21st Century: Ten Attributes of Highly Successful Human Rights NGOs(2010) Edwards, George E.This Article posits that human rights community stakeholders may assess human rights NGOs in part by determining whether they possess these shared characteristics. This Article proceeds in five parts. Part H briefly traces the history of the contemporary human rights NGO from anti-slavery and other social movement groups of the eighteenth century, through the participation of human rights NGOs in the creation of the United Nations, to the proliferation of human rights NGOs today. Part Im identifies and analyzes ten characteristics of successful human rights NGOs. These characteristics, which overlap and are not exhaustive, relate to the human rights NGO's: (1) mission; (2) adherence to human rights principles; (3) legality; (4) independence; (5) funding; (6) non-profit status and commitment to service; (7) transparency and accountability; (8) adaptability and responsiveness; (9) cooperative and collaborative nature; and (10) competence and reliability. Part IV builds upon the attributes identified in Part III and explores a selection of NGO Codes of Conduct from around the globe designed to promote NGO accountability and transparency and to help bolster NGO credibility. Though efficacy of these Codes may vary, they all contain criteria useful in assessing NGOs. Part V concludes that although much has changed since the United Nations and modern human rights NGOs were born six decades ago, what has not changed is the disagreement over what constitutes a human rights NGO and how to categorize such groups. However, stakeholders in the international human rights law arena universally agree that human rights NGOs are meant to protect internationally recognized human rights at local, national, sub-regional, regional and global levels. Successful and effective human rights NGOs should possess basic attributes, as described herein, and self-regulate - possibly in part by following NGO Codes of Conduct - to overcome internal and external challenges. Concerted efforts of all relevant stakeholders are needed to ensure that human rights NGOs are able to fulfill their mandate to protect human rights.Item International Human Rights Law Challenges to the New International Criminal Court: The Search and Seizure Right to Privacy(2001) Edwards, George E.This Article argues that although the Rome Statute drafters13 excised express reference to the search and seizure right to privacy from the ICC treaty and collateral instruments, the right survives, and remains implicit therein. The search and seizure right to privacy is an "internationally recognized human right" under the Rome Statute's article 21(3). It falls within the Court's enumerated sources of applicable law. Though arrests of persons and other detentions are seizures, and therefore implicate privacy interests, those privacy interests will not be analyzed in this Article. This Article primarily focuses on searches and seizures related to places and things, including searches of persons.