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Browsing by Author "Edalatnoor, Arash"
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Item Energy Optimization of Air Handling Unit Using CO2 Data and Coil Performance(ASME, 2016-11) Razban, Ali; Edalatnoor, Arash; Goodman, David; Chen, Jie; Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and TechnologyAir handling unit systems (AHU) are the series of mechanical systems that regulate and circulate the air through the ducts inside the buildings. In a commercial setting, air handling units accounted for more than 50% of the total energy cost of the building in 2013. To make the system more energy efficient without compromising comfort, it is very important for building energy management personnel to have tools to monitor the system performance and optimize its operation. Models are needed to meet the needs. The objectives of this study were to (1) develop models for the AHU elements and (2) implement control strategies to improve energy efficiency without sacrificing room comfort based on the published American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) standard. In this study, algorithms were developed to model the energy usage for heating/cooling coils as well as fans for AHU. Enthalpy based effectiveness and Dry Wet coil methods were identified and compared for accuracy of evaluating the system performance. Two different types of control systems were modeled and the results were shown based on occupancy reflected by the collected the rooms’ CO2 data. Discrete On/Off and fuzzy logic controller techniques were simulated using Simulink Matlab software and compared based on energy reduction and system performance. The models were used on an AHU in one of the campus buildings. The data for model inputs were collected wirelessly from the building using fully function devices (FFD) and a pan coordinator to send/receive the data. Current building management system Metasys software was also used to get additional data. The AHU modeling was done using Engineering Equation Solver (EES) Software for the coils and subsystems. Moving Average technique was utilized to process the data. The models were validated by comparing the calculated results with these measured experimentally. Simulation results showed that in humid regions, where there is more than 45% of relative humidity, the dry wet coil method is the effective way to provide more accurate details of the heat transfer and energy usage of the AHU comparing to the enthalpy based effectiveness. Also results of fuzzy logic controller method show that 62% of the current return fan energy can be reduced weekly using this method without sacrificing the occupant comfort level comparing to the ON/OFF method. Energy consumption can be optimized inside the building using fuzzy logic controller. At the same time system performance can be increased by taking the appropriate steps to prevent the loss of static pressure in the ducts. The implementation of the method developed in this study will improve the energy efficiency of the AHU while the occupants comfort level stay intact.Item Energy optimization of air handling unit using CO₂ data and coil performance(2016-05) Edalatnoor, Arash; Chen, Jie; Razban, Ali; Goodman, David Wayne; Anwar, SohelAir handling unit systems are the series of mechanical systems that regulate and circulate the air through the ducts inside the buildings. In a commercial setting, air handling units accounted for more than 50% of the total energy cost of the building in 2013. To make the system more energy efficient and reduce amount of CO₂ gases and energy waste, it is very important for building energy management systems to have an accurate model to help predict and optimize the energy usage and eliminate the energy waste. In this work, two models are described to focus on the energy usage for heating/cooling coils as well as fans for the air handling unit. Enthalpy based effectiveness and Dry Wet coil methods were identified and compared for the system performance. Two different types of control systems were modeled for this research, and the results are shown based on occupancy reflected by the collected CO₂ data. Discrete On/O and fuzzy logic controller techniques were simulated using Simulink MATLAB software and compared based on energy reduction and system performance. Air handling unit located in the basement of one campus building is used for the test case of this study. The data for model inputs is collected wirelessly from the building using fully function device (FFD) and pan coordinator to send/receive the data wirelessly. The air handling unit modeling also is done using Engineering Equation Solver EES Software for the coils and AHU subsystems. Current building management system Metasys software was used to get additional data as model inputs. Moving Average technique was utilized to make the model results more readable and less noisy. Simulation results show that in humid regions where there is more than 45% of relative humidity, the dry wet coil method is the effective way to provide more accurate details of the heat transfer and energy usage of the air handling unit comparing to the other method enthalpy-based effectiveness. Also, fuzzy logic controller results show that 62% of the current return fan energy can be reduced weekly using this method without sacrificing the occupant comfort level comparing to the ON/OFF method. Air quality can be optimized inside the building using fuzzy logic controller. At the same time, system performance can be increased by taking the appropriate steps to prevent the loss of static pressure in the ducts. The implementation of the method developed in this study will improve the energy efficiency of the AHU.Item Indirect Adaptive Control of Micro Fluid Systems(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2013-04-05) Edalatnoor, ArashDigital microfluidics systems require advanced controllers to operate accurately because their parameters are subjected to change in environment and over time. Most of their fabricated system parameters are different from the destined values. Hence, estimation based controllers are required to identify the system parameters and control the droplet dispensing. This poster describes the application of an indirect adaptive trajectory controller for digital Pico-Droplet dispensing system. Forgetting factor recursive least square estimator is used to estimate the system parameters including capacitance and resistance of the occupying droplet between electrodes. This research presents indirect adaptive controller as a technique to measure and control the droplet volume on the dispensing electrodes. Simulations of the estimator, tracking performance of dispensed droplet volume and the controller’s control effort are provided to demonstrate an accurate and high performance control approach.Item AN ONBOARD HYDROGEN GENERATION METHOD BASED ON HYDRIDES AND WATER RECOVERY FOR MICRO-FUEL CELLS(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2012-04-13) Edalatnoor, Arash; Qureshi, Mariam; Derry, Matthew D.; Ochung, John; Park, Cho Young; Zhu, LikunThe purpose of this paper is to conduct experiments to generate hydrogen in a fuel cell by employing hydrides and water recovery methods. Micro-proton exchange membrane fuel cells are the next generation power source for micro-scale applications. The methods presented in the paper make use of the recycled water produced from the cathode reaction to develop high energy density micro fuel cells. The method for this experiment is accomplished by utilizing oxidation-reduction reactions that take place in the cell. These reactants must be constantly replenished through an external source. This paper will introduce the methods and procedures that permit a solution to the small-scale generation of fuel and water byproduct; this is accomplished by implementing a water recovery mechanism. The experiment commenced with designing and manufacturing a Nafion membrane and a fuel cell package. From then the calcium hydride and lithium aluminum hydride was loaded. These hydrides were given controlled amounts of water vapor and the amount of gas production was measured. After the amount of gas is measured, we are able to calculate the most efficient way to receive the greatest amount of hydrogen from the cell. The objective of our experiment is to achieve a higher energy density for micro-fuel cells. Our aim is that the results of our research will replace lithium ion batteries with a high energy density fuel cell that can increase longevity as a source, and is able to be used in multiple environments including pace makers and space exploration. Multidisciplinary Undergraduate Research Institute, CRL ProgramsItem Thermodynamic Cycle Analysis for Wave Rotor Combustor Based Combined Cycle(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2013-04-05) Collins, Jessica; Knip, Brian; David, Michael; Edalatnoor, ArashThe conventional combustor that exists in today’s market is a constant pressure device; whereas, the wave rotor combustor investigated in the present research is a constant volume pressure gain device. This pressure gain wave rotor combustor improves the engine efficiency and reduces fuel consumption, engine weight and emissions. The objective of the present study is to observe and analyze the potential benefits of pressure gain combustion. Therefore, thermodynamic analysis has been conducted to evaluate the performance by comparing the simple Brayton constant pressure combustor with the wave rotor constant volume combustor, recuperated engines with unrecuperated engines, the pressure gain combustor with the work producing combustor, and the single stage Brayton cycle to the combined cycle for power generation applications. Thermodynamic analysis has been carried out by developing in-house code using engineering equation solver (EES) software to determine the overall specific fuel consumption, specific work, and efficiency of the constant volume combustion based cycles. A series of experiments have been conducted in the wave rotor combustor rig available at Combustion and Propulsion Research Laboratory, IUPUI. A high speed camera and pressure transducers have been employed to capture the jet ignition characteristics and to measure the pressure fluctuations during the combustion process respectively. Edge detection analysis is being conducted in MATLAB to determine the ignitability and ignition delay time in the combustion chamber. The measured pressure data are analyzed by EES software, using thermo- and gas dynamics theory, which performs exact analysis as opposed to limited previous studies using approximate analysis. This is expected to more accurately quantify the established results that replacing constant pressure with constant volume combustion increases the turbine cycle fuel efficiency. This work should encourage quicker application of constant volume combustion technology in gas turbines and power generation applications.