Browsing by Author "Doebbeling, Bradley"

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    Dependability and Security in Medical Information System
    (Springer Nature, 2007) Zou, Xukai; Dai, Yuan-Shun; Doebbeling, Bradley; Qi, Mingrui; Department of Computer and Information Science, School of Science
    Medical Information Systems (MIS) help medical practice and health care significantly. Security and dependability are two increasingly important factors for MIS nowadays. In one hand, people would be willing to step into the MIS age only when their privacy and integrity can be protected and guaranteed with MIS systems. On the other hand, only secure and reliable MIS systems would provide safe and solid medical and health care service to people. In this paper, we discuss some new security and reliability technologies which are necessary for and can be integrated with existing MISs and make the systems highly secure and dependable. We also present an implemented Middleware architecture which has been integrated with the existing VISTA/CPRS system in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs seamlessly and transparently.
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    Mediating ICU patient situation-awareness with visual and tactile notifications
    (2016-03-29) Srinivas, Preethi; Bolchini, Davide; Faiola, Anthony; Brady, Erin; Khan, Babar; Doebbeling, Bradley
    Healthcare providers in hospital intensive care units (ICUs) maintain patient situation awareness by following task management and communication practices. They create and manipulate several paper-based and digital information sources, with the overall aim to constantly inform themselves and their colleagues of dynamically evolving patient conditions. However, when increased communication means that healthcare providers potentially interrupt each other, enhanced patient-situation awareness comes at a price. Prior research discusses both the use of technology to support increased communication and its unintended consequence of (wanted and unwanted) notification interruptions. Using qualitative research techniques, I investigated work practices that enhance the patient-situation awareness of physicians, fellows, residents, nurses, students, and pharmacists in a medical ICU. I used the Locales Framework to understand the observed task management and communication work practices. In this study, paper notes were observed to act as transitional artifacts that are later digitized to organize and coordinate tasks, goals, and patient-centric information at a team and organizational level. Non digital information is often not immediately digitized, and only select information is communicated between certain ICU team members through synchronous mechanisms such as face-to-face or telephone conversations. Thus, although ICU providers are exceptionally skilled at working together to improve a critically ill patient’s condition, the use of paper-based artifacts and synchronous communication mechanisms induces several interruptions while contextually situating a clinical team for patient care. In this dissertation, I also designed and evaluated a mobile health technology tool, known as PANI (Patient-centered Notes and Information Manager), guided by the Locales framework and the participatory involvement of ICU healthcare providers as co designers. PANI-supported task management induces minimal interruptions by: (1) rapidly generating, managing, and sharing clinical notes and action-items among clinicians and (2) supporting the collaboration and communication needs of clinicians through a novel visual and tactile notification system. The long-term contribution of this research suggests guidelines for designing mobile health technology interventions that enhance ICU patient situation-awareness and reduce unwanted interruptions to clinical workflow.
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    Promoting common ground in a clinical setting: the impact of designing for the secondary user experience
    (2016-07-27) Tunnell, Harry D., IV; Bolchini, Davide; Faiola, Anthony; Doebbeling, Bradley; Haggstrom, David
    Primary users can create a user experience (UX) for others—secondary users— when interacting with a system in public. Common ground occurs when people have certain knowledge in common and each knows that they have this shared understanding. This research investigates how designing for a secondary UX improves common ground during a patient-provider first encounter. During formative work, patients and providers participated in telephonic interviews and answered online questionnaires so that their respective information requirements for clinical encounters could be understood. The outcome of the formative work was a smartphone application prototype to be used as the treatment in an experimental study. In a mixed methods study, with a patient role-player using the prototype during a simulated clinical encounter with 12 providers, the impact of the prototype upon secondary user satisfaction and common ground was assessed. The main finding was that the prototype was capable of positively impacting secondary user satisfaction and facilitating common ground in certain instances. Combining the notions of human-computer interaction design, common ground, and smartphone technology improved the efficiency and effectiveness of providers during the simulated face-to-face first encounter with a patient. The investigation substantiated the notion that properly designed interactive systems have the potential to provide a satisfactory secondary UX and facilitate common ground.