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Browsing by Author "Dinh, Tuyen K."
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Item Having Responsible Power Leads to Sexual Harassment? The Explanatory Role of Moral Licensing(2020-10) Dinh, Tuyen K.; Stockdale, Margaret S.; Ashburn-Nardo, Leslie; Salyers, Michelle P.Feeling powerful or possessing power over someone is often shown in the sexual harassment literature as an antecedent. Indeed, power can be construed in a self-focused manner or in a responsibility-focused manner. Tost (2015) theorized that powerholders who construe their power as responsibility should then act for the benefit of others. However, a recent study by Stockdale, Gilmer, and Dinh (2019) found the opposite effect. Specifically, they found that priming responsibility-focused power increased the intention to sexually harass, speculating that priming such powers may have created a “moral license” (Miller & Effron, 2010) to engage in sexual harassment. The purpose of the present study is to extend their findings by examining the role of moral licensing. I hypothesize that participants who are in the responsibility-focused power priming condition will engage in sexual harassment proclivities through a serial mediation of communal feelings and moral licensing (moral crediting and moral credentialing). Results confirm that communal feelings and moral crediting serially mediate the relationship between responsibility-focused power and sexual harassment proclivities. The hypothesized role of moral credentialing was not supported. Findings in this study provides a potential explanation for the paradoxical findings of responsibility-focused power in Stockdale et al. (2019)’s study. This study also emphasizes the importance of understanding responsibility-focused power in sexual harassment indices and the potential the ironic effects of having such power via moral crediting.Item How Foundations in an Aligned Action Network Start to Move to Equity in Philanthropy: Findings from a Year of Observations and Interviews(2023) Levine Daniel, Jamie; Dinh, Tuyen K.; Paarlberg, Laurie EllenCommunity foundations across the United States hold a powerful role in leading meaningful social change toward an equitable future. Despite community foundations' unique leadership role at the intersection of place, race, wealth, and inequality, we understand little about how such foundations understand and implement efforts that are responsive to issues in their communities, especially communities that have been historically marginalized. This study examines how community foundations within an aligned action network are engaging in philanthropic efforts through their shared commitment to advancing social and economic mobility. Using data from interviews with foundation staff, network meeting observations, and network documents over the course of a year, we sought to answer three research questions: how community foundations define equity, what structures, processes, and activities were perceived as supporting their equity-related work, and how membership within NEON can help highlight these efforts. Findings illuminate a model of philanthropic efforts along two dimensions: foundation focus (internal and external) and expression type (implicit and explicit). This article unfolds the process within collaborative efforts among community foundations and offers insights for other foundations to better understand expectations and prepare for the conditions necessary to meaningfully engage in social equity and justice efforts, with internal and external community stakeholders.Item Pervasiveness and Impact of Single-Day Episodes of Harassment, Microaggression, and Incivility of Biomedical Health Trainees(Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 2023-07-01) Stockdale, Margaret S.; Kimble-Hill, Ann C.; Dinh, Tuyen K.; Mosier, Amanda E.; Washington, Darius; Wu, Wei; Roper, RandallThe biomedical workforce needs the talents and insights of people from all cross-sections of identity to advance scientific discovery and to improve research application. To build and sustain this workforce, trainees must be treated with respect and support. We assessed the prevalence of daily experiences of harassment, racial mistreatment, and incivility by conducting a national survey of NIH funded graduate students (n=249) and post-doctoral fellows (n=148). Our findings suggest there is an alarming prevalence of mistreatment within research training environments. Our random sampling of F30, F31, F32, and K99 recipients suggests that as many as 45% of graduate students and postdoctoral trainees experience or observe at least one form of mistreatment on any given day, with incivility being the most reported experience. Furthermore, we found that mistreatment experiences and observations were significantly associated with negative program attitudes, indicating a potential risk for attrition among trainees. Moreover, the prevalence of mistreatment was consistent across gender and racial identities. These findings underscore the urgent need for interventions to address mistreatment in research training environments. This study is the first to report empirical data from the trainee perspective on the prevalence and impact of single-day mistreatment in biomedically relevant training programs. Our research is important for understanding the underpinnings of the mentor-mentee and peer-peer interactions responsible for the prevalence of negative environments, as well as highlighting where interventions are necessary to develop supportive leadership and lab culture practices that will improve career outcomes for participants in these fields.Item Power and sex-based harassment among LGBQs(2022-01-01) Dinh, Tuyen K.; Stockdale, Margaret S.Abstract Much of the sex-based harassment (SBH) literature to date focuses on the experiences of heterosexual White women (Brassel et al., 2020). Hence, researchers attempting to understand the motivation of perpetrators of such incidences are often from heterosexual samples, where men harass women to maintain or gain power (e.g., Berdahl, 2007). This leads to the absence of perspectives from historically oppressed groups, such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer (LGBQ) identifying persons. In this paper, we seek to further understand whether power, which is often conceptualized as a key antecedent to sex-based harassment, is also a motivating factor among LGBQ persons. The purpose of this study was to examine two forms of power (egocentric vs responsibility) on increasing sex-based harassment tendencies through feeling states evoked by their respective power types. Results indicate that power effects sex-based harassment tendencies in similar ways as found in heterosexual samples. Specifically, egocentric and responsibility focused power increased SBH through sexy-powerful feelings, moderated by trait dominance, and responsibility-focused power increased SBH through communal feelings. These data provide support for generalizing a theory of SBH intentions to LGBQ populations and we provide recommendations for HR managers.Item The Sex-Based Harassment Inventory: A Gender Status Threat Measure of Sex-Based Harassment Intentions(Springer, 2022-05-30) Grabowski, Matthew; Dinh, Tuyen K.; Wu, Wei; Stockdale, Margaret S.We introduce a new inventory measuring sex-based harassment intentions and threat perceptions grounded in gender status threat theories (Berdahl, 2007; Stephan et al., 2016). In Study 1 (N = 568 men), an initial Sex-Based Harassment Inventory (SBHI) was developed with 12 scenarios depicting gender status threats to which respondents rated the likelihood to engage in gender harassment, unwanted sexual attention, supportive conduct, and their perceptions of threat. The final version of the SBHI contained six scenarios with four items each. Gender harassment and unwanted sexual attention intentions loaded on a single, reliable factor, labeled harassment intentions. Two other factors measured threat perceptions and supportive behavior intentions. harassment intentions correlated significantly with threat perceptions, likelihood to sexually harass (Pryor, 1987), hostile and benevolent sexism (Glick & Fiske, 1996), and masculine identification (Glick et al., 2015). In Study 2 (N = 391 men), a non-threat version of the SBHI was compared to the threat version. Threat perceptions mediated the effect of scenario version on harassment intentions, which was stronger at moderate to high levels of hostile sexism and social dominance orientation. Thus, the final version of the SBHI presents promising initial evidence linking sex-based harassment intentions to gender status threat, consistent with Berdahl’s (2007) theory.Item When “Good People” Sexually Harass: The Role of Power and Moral Licensing on Sexual Harassment Perceptions and Intentions(Springer, 2022-06-01) Dinh, Tuyen K.; Mikalouski, Laurel; Stockdale, Margaret S.History has shown that people who embody responsibility-focused power have been credibly accused of sexual harassment. Drawing from power-approach and moral licensing theories, we present two complementary studies examining how responsibility-focused power triggers moral licensing, which, in turn, decreases perceptions of sexual harassment (Study 1) and increases intentions to engage in sexual harassment (Study 2). In Study 1, 365 participants read a scenario of a man embodying responsibility-focused power, self-focused power, or low power (control) and then read a case about the man’s alleged sexual harassment against a subordinate. Findings illustrated that moral crediting mediated the effect of power construal on false accusation judgments. In Study 2, 250 participants were primed to experience responsibility-focused power or low power. Responsibility-focused power increased sexual harassment intentions through effects on communal feelings and moral crediting. Based on these findings, we develop a new theoretical perspective on why sexual harassment occurs and why people deny perceiving it. We provide practical recommendations to organizational leaders for developing interventions, such as training, that may disrupt effects of power and moral licensing on sexual harassment intentions, and we encourage public discourse on the harms of harassment that supposed “good people” commit.