Browsing by Author "Daniel, Ebin"

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    Developing a method to calculate leaks in a compressed air line using time series pressure measurements
    (Elsevier, 2022-07) Jafarian, Alireza; Taheri, Saman; Daniel, Ebin; Razban, Ali; Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology
    Compressed air is a powerful source of stored energy and is use in a variety of applications varying from painting to pressing in industrial manufacturing. One of the common problems in this system is air leakage. Air leaks forming within the compressed air piping network, act as continuous consumers and reduce the pressure within the pipes. Therefore, the air compressors will have to work harder to compensate for the losses in the pressure and preventing inefficiently of pneumatic devices. This will all cumulatively impact the manufacturer considerably when it comes to energy consumption and profits. There are multiple methods of air leak detection and accounting. The methods are usually conducted in non-production hours, the time that main air consumption within the piping is air leaks. In this paper, a model that includes both the production and non-production hours when accounting for the leaks is presented. It is observed that there is 50.33% increase in the energy losses, and 82.90% increase in the demand losses that are estimated when the effects of the air leaks are observed continuously and in real time. A real time monitoring system can provide an in-depth understanding of the compressed air system and its efficiency. The main goal of this paper is to find a nonintrusive way to calculate the amount of air as well as energy lost due to these leaks using time series pressure measurements.
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    Nuclear Thermal Rocket with Fissile and Reaction Fuel from Lunar ISRU
    (International Astronautical Federation, 2020) Schubert, Peter J.; Daniel, Ebin; Conaway, Adam; Bhaskaran, Amal; Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology
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    Ultra-safe nuclear thermal rockets using lunar-derived fuel
    (Elsevier, 2021-09-01) Schubert, Peter J.; Marrs, Ian; Daniel, Ebin; Conaway, Adam; Bhaskaran, Amal; Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology
    Rocket launch failure rate is slightly higher than five percent. Concerned citizens are likely to protest against private-sector launches involving fission reactors. Yet, fission reactors can power long-duration lunar operations for science, observation, and in situ resource utilization. Furthermore, fission reactors are needed for rapid transport around the solar system, especially considering natural radiation doses for crews visiting Mars or an asteroid. A novel approach is to create nuclear fuel on the Moon. In this way, a rocket launched from the earth with no radioactive material can be fueled in outer space, avoiding the risks of spreading uranium across Earth's biosphere. A solution is to harvest fertile thorium on the lunar surface, then transmute it into fissile uranium using the gamma ray fog which pervades the deep sky. It is only at lunar orbit, at the very edge of cislunar space, that the Earth-launched machine becomes a nuclear thermal rocket (NTR). Thorium is not abundant, but can be concentrated by mechanical methods because of its very high specific density relative to the bulk of lunar regolith. Thorium dioxide (ThO2) has an extremely high melting point, such that skull crucible heating can be used to separate it from supernatant magma. When filled into a graphite-lined beryllium container (brought from Earth) and set out on the lunar surface, high-energy gamma rays will liberate neutrons from the Be. After moderation by the graphite, these thermal neutrons are captured by the thorium nucleus, which is transmuted into protactinium (Pa91). This element can be extracted using the THOREX process, and will then decay naturally into U-233 within two or three lunar days. The uranium is oxidized and packed into fuel pellets, ready to be inserted into a non-radioactive machine, which now becomes an NTR. Additionally, hydrogen can be extracted from deposits in permanently-shadowed regions on the Moon, providing reaction mass for the NTR. A novel method of solid-state hydrogen storage, which can be entirely fabricated using in situ resources, can deliver said hydrogen to the fission reactor to provide high and efficient propulsive thrust. These combined operations lead to an ultra-safe (for the Earth) means for private sector, commercial transport and power generation throughout the Solar System. With the hydrogen storage material used as radiation shielding for crewed spacecraft, and greatly-reduced transit times relative to chemical rocketry, this innovative approach could fundamentally transform how humans work, play, and explore in outer space.